Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.4103/ijds.ijds_114_20
Atul Jain, S. Chauhan, R. Bahuguna, Abhinay Agarwal, Rohit Sharma, F. Khan
Context: Postoperative pain(POP) as a consequence of root canal preparation, is a major side effect, of endodontic treatment. It can be prevented by the use of cryotherapy. This randomized control trial was carried out, to test the latter's efficacy, so that it can be recommended, as a preventive measure for POP, during endodontic treatment. Aims: To evaluate the effect of cryotherapy on post-operative pain (POP) during endodontic treatment. Setting and design: Randomized controlled trial was conducted on 40 patients based on inclusion and exclusion criteria [Table 1] in mandibular premolars, diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and normal periapical tissues. Methods & Material: 40 patients were randomly distributed into two groups, Experimental and Control. In the experimental group, 10ml cold saline solution, at -, while in the control group, 10ml of saline solution at room temperature, was used as the final irrigant. Patients were asked to fill a questionnaire, pre-operatively and post-operatively at 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Statistical analysis: The obtained data was subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version ' .0' software. Results: Incidence and intensity of POP, was found to be lower in patients treated with cold saline. Conclusion: Use of cold saline solution as final irrigant, during endodontic treatment, reduces the incidence and intensity of post endodontic pain.
{"title":"Effect of cryotherapy on postoperative pain: Randomized controlled trial","authors":"Atul Jain, S. Chauhan, R. Bahuguna, Abhinay Agarwal, Rohit Sharma, F. Khan","doi":"10.4103/ijds.ijds_114_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijds.ijds_114_20","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Postoperative pain(POP) as a consequence of root canal preparation, is a major side effect, of endodontic treatment. It can be prevented by the use of cryotherapy. This randomized control trial was carried out, to test the latter's efficacy, so that it can be recommended, as a preventive measure for POP, during endodontic treatment. Aims: To evaluate the effect of cryotherapy on post-operative pain (POP) during endodontic treatment. Setting and design: Randomized controlled trial was conducted on 40 patients based on inclusion and exclusion criteria [Table 1] in mandibular premolars, diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and normal periapical tissues. Methods & Material: 40 patients were randomly distributed into two groups, Experimental and Control. In the experimental group, 10ml cold saline solution, at -, while in the control group, 10ml of saline solution at room temperature, was used as the final irrigant. Patients were asked to fill a questionnaire, pre-operatively and post-operatively at 6, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Statistical analysis: The obtained data was subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version ' .0' software. Results: Incidence and intensity of POP, was found to be lower in patients treated with cold saline. Conclusion: Use of cold saline solution as final irrigant, during endodontic treatment, reduces the incidence and intensity of post endodontic pain.","PeriodicalId":56210,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"236 - 240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42876456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.4103/ijds.ijds_206_20
Sarita Shaukari, S. Bellam, K. Nandan, Revathi Peddu
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), also currently known as CoV disease 2019 (COVID-19), has created a global health upheaval. The saliva of an infected person serves as a source for the transmission of CoV. The angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptors serve as the host receptor cells for CoV which is expressed in high numbers in salivary glands, oral mucosa, and gingiva. The salivary gland is a potential reservoir for COVID-19 even in asymptomatic but infected carriers. This knowledge could be used to employ salivary sampling as a noninvasive diagnostic method. IgA, IgM antibodies detected in self-collected saliva show more stability than RNA and may aid in the identification of asymptomatic patients. Saliva shows high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of COVID-19 with >90% concordance reported between the saliva and nasopharyngeal swabs. Standardization with respect to sample collection, storage, and transport media can help in validation of diagnostic application of salivary-based testing.
{"title":"Saliva as a reliable diagnostic tool during the coronavirus disease times: A focused review","authors":"Sarita Shaukari, S. Bellam, K. Nandan, Revathi Peddu","doi":"10.4103/ijds.ijds_206_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijds.ijds_206_20","url":null,"abstract":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), also currently known as CoV disease 2019 (COVID-19), has created a global health upheaval. The saliva of an infected person serves as a source for the transmission of CoV. The angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptors serve as the host receptor cells for CoV which is expressed in high numbers in salivary glands, oral mucosa, and gingiva. The salivary gland is a potential reservoir for COVID-19 even in asymptomatic but infected carriers. This knowledge could be used to employ salivary sampling as a noninvasive diagnostic method. IgA, IgM antibodies detected in self-collected saliva show more stability than RNA and may aid in the identification of asymptomatic patients. Saliva shows high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of COVID-19 with >90% concordance reported between the saliva and nasopharyngeal swabs. Standardization with respect to sample collection, storage, and transport media can help in validation of diagnostic application of salivary-based testing.","PeriodicalId":56210,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"294 - 297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48176283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Calvo-Guirado, M. Garcés-Villalá, L. Mahesh, Félix de Carlos-Villafranca
Introduction: Extracted teeth are utilized in dentistry as particulate autologous dentin for immediate grafting of the extraction site after mechanical cleaning and chemical disinfection. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of 0.5M sodium hydroxide in 20% ethanol (Dentin Cleanser™) in eliminating three different types of pathogenic bacteria in comparison to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or citric acid. Seven naive extracted teeth were mechanically cleaned, dried, and sectioned to separate the crown from the roots. Each tooth was separately crushed using the Smart Dentin Grinder® device. The sterile particles of crown or root were subdivided into three equal-size groups where each was then contaminated and incubated in an oven at 37°C under low pressure and oxygen flow over 48 h for Escherichia coli (Group A) and Enterococcus faecalis (Group B) and over 72 h for Porphyromonas gingivalis (Group C), respectively. On each agar Petri dish, four paper discs, each loaded with one of the following solutions: Dentin Cleanser (sodium hydroxide plus ethanol), 10% EDTA, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), or 10% citric acid, were placed in the safe distance for not interfering with disinfectant agent activity. All pathogenic bacteria were highly sensitive to Dentin Cleanser and EDTA disinfectant activity while citric acid or PBS exhibited low or no sensitivity. No difference in sensitivity was found between crown and root particulate or particle size. Our findings show that Dentin Cleanser is most effective in eliminating those pathogenic bacteria without demineralizing the particulate. Context: The experiment was done in the University Laboratory. Aims: The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of 0.5M sodium hydroxide in 20% ethanol (Dentin Cleanser™) in eliminating three different types of pathogenic bacteria in comparison to EDTA or citric acid, before tooth graft will be used as a biomaterial. Settings and Design: The study protocol was approved by the Catholic University of Murcia Ethics Committee (UCAM; registration number 6781; July 21, 2017). Seven human teeth were extracted from a 60-year-old patient due to advanced periodontal disease (two central upper incisors, one upper canine, one upper premolar, two lower molars, and one lower canine). The patient received no financial compensation for participating in this study. Materials and Methods: Seven naïve extracted teeth were mechanically cleaned, dried, and sectioned to separate the crown from the roots. Each tooth was separately crushed using the Smart Dentin Grinder® device (KometaBio Inc., Cresskill, NJ, USA). The particles were sieved to obtain particles ranging from 400 to 600 um and 800–1200 um in size, all sterilized using an autoclave. The sterile particles of crown or root were subdivided into three equal-size groups where each was then contaminated and incubated in an oven at 37°C under low pressure and oxygen flow over 48 h for E. col
{"title":"Effectiveness of chemical disinfection in discarding pathogenic bacteria of human particulate tooth graft: An In vitro study","authors":"J. Calvo-Guirado, M. Garcés-Villalá, L. Mahesh, Félix de Carlos-Villafranca","doi":"10.4103/ijds.ijds_79_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijds.ijds_79_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Extracted teeth are utilized in dentistry as particulate autologous dentin for immediate grafting of the extraction site after mechanical cleaning and chemical disinfection. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of 0.5M sodium hydroxide in 20% ethanol (Dentin Cleanser™) in eliminating three different types of pathogenic bacteria in comparison to ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or citric acid. Seven naive extracted teeth were mechanically cleaned, dried, and sectioned to separate the crown from the roots. Each tooth was separately crushed using the Smart Dentin Grinder® device. The sterile particles of crown or root were subdivided into three equal-size groups where each was then contaminated and incubated in an oven at 37°C under low pressure and oxygen flow over 48 h for Escherichia coli (Group A) and Enterococcus faecalis (Group B) and over 72 h for Porphyromonas gingivalis (Group C), respectively. On each agar Petri dish, four paper discs, each loaded with one of the following solutions: Dentin Cleanser (sodium hydroxide plus ethanol), 10% EDTA, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), or 10% citric acid, were placed in the safe distance for not interfering with disinfectant agent activity. All pathogenic bacteria were highly sensitive to Dentin Cleanser and EDTA disinfectant activity while citric acid or PBS exhibited low or no sensitivity. No difference in sensitivity was found between crown and root particulate or particle size. Our findings show that Dentin Cleanser is most effective in eliminating those pathogenic bacteria without demineralizing the particulate. Context: The experiment was done in the University Laboratory. Aims: The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of 0.5M sodium hydroxide in 20% ethanol (Dentin Cleanser™) in eliminating three different types of pathogenic bacteria in comparison to EDTA or citric acid, before tooth graft will be used as a biomaterial. Settings and Design: The study protocol was approved by the Catholic University of Murcia Ethics Committee (UCAM; registration number 6781; July 21, 2017). Seven human teeth were extracted from a 60-year-old patient due to advanced periodontal disease (two central upper incisors, one upper canine, one upper premolar, two lower molars, and one lower canine). The patient received no financial compensation for participating in this study. Materials and Methods: Seven naïve extracted teeth were mechanically cleaned, dried, and sectioned to separate the crown from the roots. Each tooth was separately crushed using the Smart Dentin Grinder® device (KometaBio Inc., Cresskill, NJ, USA). The particles were sieved to obtain particles ranging from 400 to 600 um and 800–1200 um in size, all sterilized using an autoclave. The sterile particles of crown or root were subdivided into three equal-size groups where each was then contaminated and incubated in an oven at 37°C under low pressure and oxygen flow over 48 h for E. col","PeriodicalId":56210,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"277 - 282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47334685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.4103/ijds.ijds_188_20
Astha Agrawal, A. Mittal, Shifali Dadu, Aditi Dhaundiyal, Nikita Tyagi
Aim: The objective of the study was to compare the effect of different irrigation regimes on push out bond strength of calcium silicate cements – Biodentine and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Materials and Methods: Forty-eight human teeth with single root canals were divided into three groups according to irrigation regimes. Each canal was irrigated with 5 ml of each irrigant during and after biomechanical preparation as follows: 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; 3% NaOCl during and Q mix 2 in 1 after instrumentation and distil water as the control group. Canals were filled with biodentine and MTA accordingly. A horizontal middle root section of 1.5-mm thickness was taken, and analysis was done under the universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis Used: The statistical analysis was done by the one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey test. The comparative analysis was done by using the independent t-test. Results: The push-out bond strength of 3% NaOCl + Q mix 2 in 1 was highest. The least was of the control group. Conclusion: The irrigation regimes have a differential effect on root canal sealers.
{"title":"Effect of root canal irrigants on calcium silicate cements: An In vitro study","authors":"Astha Agrawal, A. Mittal, Shifali Dadu, Aditi Dhaundiyal, Nikita Tyagi","doi":"10.4103/ijds.ijds_188_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijds.ijds_188_20","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The objective of the study was to compare the effect of different irrigation regimes on push out bond strength of calcium silicate cements – Biodentine and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Materials and Methods: Forty-eight human teeth with single root canals were divided into three groups according to irrigation regimes. Each canal was irrigated with 5 ml of each irrigant during and after biomechanical preparation as follows: 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; 3% NaOCl during and Q mix 2 in 1 after instrumentation and distil water as the control group. Canals were filled with biodentine and MTA accordingly. A horizontal middle root section of 1.5-mm thickness was taken, and analysis was done under the universal testing machine. Statistical Analysis Used: The statistical analysis was done by the one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey test. The comparative analysis was done by using the independent t-test. Results: The push-out bond strength of 3% NaOCl + Q mix 2 in 1 was highest. The least was of the control group. Conclusion: The irrigation regimes have a differential effect on root canal sealers.","PeriodicalId":56210,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"267 - 271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48624172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.4103/ijds.ijds_194_20
R. V. Vatchala Rani, B. Manjunath, M. Bajpai, Rohit Sharma, P. Gupta, A. Bhargava
Objectives: The objectives of this study were as follows: (1) to provide an overview of the feasibility, utility, merits, and demerits of virtual microscopy (VM) in pathological diagnostics and (2) to evaluate its advantages in dental and medical teaching over conventional microscopes. Materials and Methods: A literature survey was carried out in August 2020 in electronic databases such as PubMed using keywords such as virtual microscopy and whole slide imaging. The searches revealed 956 articles out of which 36 were selected after reading the full-text articles. Results: The review of 36 articles revealed that VM or whole-slide imaging (WSI) allows access to entire scanned sections of tissue that can be viewed on a computer in exactly the same way as conventional glass slides with a microscope and can be explored at several magnifications. VM offers many advantages like ease of accessibility through the Internet anytime or in any place, and moreover, the virtual slide does not get damaged or fade away like glass slide. Since it increases learning and comprehension, virtual microscopes have been used extensively in dental and medical education. Conclusions: VM opens a new world in tissue-based diagnosis through digitization of slides. The experiences of telepathology applications have already proved that it is a promising technology which has been adopted by histopathologists and cytologists across the world and contributing immensely to telepathology consultation in underserved areas. It is a feasible, valid, and approved technology for pathological diagnosis.
{"title":"Virtual microscopy: The future of pathological diagnostics, dental education, and telepathology","authors":"R. V. Vatchala Rani, B. Manjunath, M. Bajpai, Rohit Sharma, P. Gupta, A. Bhargava","doi":"10.4103/ijds.ijds_194_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijds.ijds_194_20","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The objectives of this study were as follows: (1) to provide an overview of the feasibility, utility, merits, and demerits of virtual microscopy (VM) in pathological diagnostics and (2) to evaluate its advantages in dental and medical teaching over conventional microscopes. Materials and Methods: A literature survey was carried out in August 2020 in electronic databases such as PubMed using keywords such as virtual microscopy and whole slide imaging. The searches revealed 956 articles out of which 36 were selected after reading the full-text articles. Results: The review of 36 articles revealed that VM or whole-slide imaging (WSI) allows access to entire scanned sections of tissue that can be viewed on a computer in exactly the same way as conventional glass slides with a microscope and can be explored at several magnifications. VM offers many advantages like ease of accessibility through the Internet anytime or in any place, and moreover, the virtual slide does not get damaged or fade away like glass slide. Since it increases learning and comprehension, virtual microscopes have been used extensively in dental and medical education. Conclusions: VM opens a new world in tissue-based diagnosis through digitization of slides. The experiences of telepathology applications have already proved that it is a promising technology which has been adopted by histopathologists and cytologists across the world and contributing immensely to telepathology consultation in underserved areas. It is a feasible, valid, and approved technology for pathological diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":56210,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"283 - 288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49656568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.4103/ijds.ijds_108_20
K. Reddy, M. Soubhgya, N. Begum, Vikram Vuggirala, K. Nallagula, Nagakishore
Background: Plaque control is the daily removal of dental plaque, oral biofilms, and also prevention of their accumulation on the other parts of the oral cavity. Dental plaque is the major etiology of maximum gingival and periodontal diseases. This study is an effort to find if chewable brushing is better than manual. Objective: The objective was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of manual toothbrush and chewable toothbrush on fifty patients, in the age group of 8–12 years over a period of 28 days. Materials and Methods: This study used a randomized, double-blinding, single-center, two-treatment, parallel group, design subjects with mild to moderate plaque and gingivitis were evaluated for baseline whole mouth gingival margin and approximal plaque. Clinical assessments were performed using the Quigley-Hein Plaque Index (TQHI) and Simplified Oral Hygiene Index. Subjects received either manual or chewable toothbrush. Data were entered on to the Microsoft Excel and statically analyzed using (SPSS version 21.0 IBM, Chicago III, IL, USA). Data were evaluated by t-test with a P < 0.005 considered to be statistically significant. Results: Fifty subjects participated in the study; 25 in the manual toothbrush and 25 in the chewable toothbrush group. Both brushes demonstrated significant reductions in plaque and gingivitis over the 28 days study period (P < 0.001). The chewable toothbrush was significantly more effective than the manual toothbrush. No adverse events were observed with either brush. Conclusion: The plaque and gingivitis reduction for the chewable toothbrush were significantly greater than for the Manual toothbrush.
{"title":"Comparative evolution of clinical efficacy of manual tooth brush versus chewable tooth brush a randomized clinical trail","authors":"K. Reddy, M. Soubhgya, N. Begum, Vikram Vuggirala, K. Nallagula, Nagakishore","doi":"10.4103/ijds.ijds_108_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijds.ijds_108_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Plaque control is the daily removal of dental plaque, oral biofilms, and also prevention of their accumulation on the other parts of the oral cavity. Dental plaque is the major etiology of maximum gingival and periodontal diseases. This study is an effort to find if chewable brushing is better than manual. Objective: The objective was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of manual toothbrush and chewable toothbrush on fifty patients, in the age group of 8–12 years over a period of 28 days. Materials and Methods: This study used a randomized, double-blinding, single-center, two-treatment, parallel group, design subjects with mild to moderate plaque and gingivitis were evaluated for baseline whole mouth gingival margin and approximal plaque. Clinical assessments were performed using the Quigley-Hein Plaque Index (TQHI) and Simplified Oral Hygiene Index. Subjects received either manual or chewable toothbrush. Data were entered on to the Microsoft Excel and statically analyzed using (SPSS version 21.0 IBM, Chicago III, IL, USA). Data were evaluated by t-test with a P < 0.005 considered to be statistically significant. Results: Fifty subjects participated in the study; 25 in the manual toothbrush and 25 in the chewable toothbrush group. Both brushes demonstrated significant reductions in plaque and gingivitis over the 28 days study period (P < 0.001). The chewable toothbrush was significantly more effective than the manual toothbrush. No adverse events were observed with either brush. Conclusion: The plaque and gingivitis reduction for the chewable toothbrush were significantly greater than for the Manual toothbrush.","PeriodicalId":56210,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"219 - 223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48166727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rupandeep Kaur Samra, A. Nirola, A. Verma, A. Nagpal, Gauri Malik, Gurinder Singh Thind
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the impact and challenges of emergency remote teaching faced by the dental faculty during the first and the second wave of COVID-19 in India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive questionnaire study was carried out consisting of two surveys. Data for the first questionnaire was recruited from 135 faculty members engaged in online teaching and comprised details about sociodemographic, designation, teaching experience, online teaching practices, perceptions, and challenges faced by the faculty members during online teaching during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in India. Categorical variables were reported as counts and percentages. Group comparisons were made with the Chi-square test. The same participants were given the second questionnaire to access their efficacy in overcoming the challenges faced by them during the second wave. Results: 54.8% of the participants were female. 46.7% of respondents were Professors by designation. Variation was evident for the personal, technical, financial barriers and challenges caused by students' attitude with designation as a variable. 67.4% of the participants devoted extra time to prepare their lectures. 62.2% of the faculty faced network issues. 53.3% of the faculty reported increased expenditure on data. Maximum challenges were seen in the category based on students' attitude which deteriorated the quality of the lectures. 74.1% of the teachers agreed that online teaching was better for theoretical learning. There was not much difference observed in the response regarding personal barriers among faculty members with gender as a variable in the first wave, but notable differences were seen for technical barriers, especially lack of formal training. During second-wave study, Internet connectivity still remained a barrier. Conclusion: Challenges faced by the faculty members regarding online learning decreased in the second wave as compared to the first wave, but network connectivity and students' attitude remained an issue. Scope of theoretical online teaching was perceived to be better as compared to practical teaching.
{"title":"Faculty members' perception of the challenges and prospects of online learning in dental institutes in India during the COVID-19 pandemic scenario","authors":"Rupandeep Kaur Samra, A. Nirola, A. Verma, A. Nagpal, Gauri Malik, Gurinder Singh Thind","doi":"10.4103/ijds.ijds_40_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijds.ijds_40_21","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the impact and challenges of emergency remote teaching faced by the dental faculty during the first and the second wave of COVID-19 in India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive questionnaire study was carried out consisting of two surveys. Data for the first questionnaire was recruited from 135 faculty members engaged in online teaching and comprised details about sociodemographic, designation, teaching experience, online teaching practices, perceptions, and challenges faced by the faculty members during online teaching during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in India. Categorical variables were reported as counts and percentages. Group comparisons were made with the Chi-square test. The same participants were given the second questionnaire to access their efficacy in overcoming the challenges faced by them during the second wave. Results: 54.8% of the participants were female. 46.7% of respondents were Professors by designation. Variation was evident for the personal, technical, financial barriers and challenges caused by students' attitude with designation as a variable. 67.4% of the participants devoted extra time to prepare their lectures. 62.2% of the faculty faced network issues. 53.3% of the faculty reported increased expenditure on data. Maximum challenges were seen in the category based on students' attitude which deteriorated the quality of the lectures. 74.1% of the teachers agreed that online teaching was better for theoretical learning. There was not much difference observed in the response regarding personal barriers among faculty members with gender as a variable in the first wave, but notable differences were seen for technical barriers, especially lack of formal training. During second-wave study, Internet connectivity still remained a barrier. Conclusion: Challenges faced by the faculty members regarding online learning decreased in the second wave as compared to the first wave, but network connectivity and students' attitude remained an issue. Scope of theoretical online teaching was perceived to be better as compared to practical teaching.","PeriodicalId":56210,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"151 - 163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42646377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/IJDS.IJDS_154_20
T. Premlata, Shamurailatpam Priyadarshini, Amandeep Kaur, B. Deepak, N. Kshetrimayum, N. Sanjeeta
Aim: To investigate anatomical and morphological variability of permanent mandibular first premolar teeth in the population of Manipur state of Indian subcontinent. Materials and Methods: Four hundred and eighty teeth from a pool of Manipuri population were studied for anatomical and morphological variability using staining and clearing technique. All samples were evaluated for the number of roots, root canals, root canal configuration, presence of lateral canals, intercanal communications, and apical deltas. Results: Single root with one canal was present in 81.25% (390/480) and single root with two canals in 18.75% (90/480) of samples. Root canal configuration according to Vertucci's classification was as follows: Type I (43.7%) followed by Type V (25%), Type VI (12.5%), and Type II, III, and VII (6.25%). Intercanal communications in the apical third were 12.5% (60/480) and 6.25% (30/480) in the middle third of the root. Occurrence of lateral canals in the apical third was 18.75% (90/480). Apical delta was found in 37.75% (180/480) of samples. Conclusion: The results of this study highlight the variability patterns of mandibular first premolar tooth existent in the population of the state of Manipur. Single-rooted teeth are most common with predominantly Vertucci's Type I root canal configuration and significant presence of lateral canals and apical ramifications. Clinical Significance: Sound knowledge of anatomy of the root canal and possible variations can contribute to a successful treatment outcome.
{"title":"Morphological variability of permanent mandibular first premolar teeth in Manipuri population: An In vitro study","authors":"T. Premlata, Shamurailatpam Priyadarshini, Amandeep Kaur, B. Deepak, N. Kshetrimayum, N. Sanjeeta","doi":"10.4103/IJDS.IJDS_154_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/IJDS.IJDS_154_20","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To investigate anatomical and morphological variability of permanent mandibular first premolar teeth in the population of Manipur state of Indian subcontinent. Materials and Methods: Four hundred and eighty teeth from a pool of Manipuri population were studied for anatomical and morphological variability using staining and clearing technique. All samples were evaluated for the number of roots, root canals, root canal configuration, presence of lateral canals, intercanal communications, and apical deltas. Results: Single root with one canal was present in 81.25% (390/480) and single root with two canals in 18.75% (90/480) of samples. Root canal configuration according to Vertucci's classification was as follows: Type I (43.7%) followed by Type V (25%), Type VI (12.5%), and Type II, III, and VII (6.25%). Intercanal communications in the apical third were 12.5% (60/480) and 6.25% (30/480) in the middle third of the root. Occurrence of lateral canals in the apical third was 18.75% (90/480). Apical delta was found in 37.75% (180/480) of samples. Conclusion: The results of this study highlight the variability patterns of mandibular first premolar tooth existent in the population of the state of Manipur. Single-rooted teeth are most common with predominantly Vertucci's Type I root canal configuration and significant presence of lateral canals and apical ramifications. Clinical Significance: Sound knowledge of anatomy of the root canal and possible variations can contribute to a successful treatment outcome.","PeriodicalId":56210,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"178 - 181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45702974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/IJDS.IJDS_184_20
Siddharth Anand, Aparna Singh, Divya Jyoti, Sulekha, Bidyut Seal
The aesthetic rehabilitation of a young toddler who are suffering from multiple tooth loss due to early childhood caries or extensive dental trauma is one of the challenging tasks for the Paediatric dentist in his/her day to day practise. Due to the loss of primary anterior teeth at an early age, loss of esthetic, masticatory efficiency, and mispronunciation of labiodentals sounds and development of abnormal oral habits are developed. Parent's desire plays one of the most major roles for an anterior esthetic appliance for their wards. This case report discusses and elaborates in detail one of the type of fixed anterior esthetic appliance and the considerations to be made while making treatment plan for when and why to place them.
{"title":"An esthetic approach for premature missing maxillary primary anterior teeth: A series of two case reports","authors":"Siddharth Anand, Aparna Singh, Divya Jyoti, Sulekha, Bidyut Seal","doi":"10.4103/IJDS.IJDS_184_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/IJDS.IJDS_184_20","url":null,"abstract":"The aesthetic rehabilitation of a young toddler who are suffering from multiple tooth loss due to early childhood caries or extensive dental trauma is one of the challenging tasks for the Paediatric dentist in his/her day to day practise. Due to the loss of primary anterior teeth at an early age, loss of esthetic, masticatory efficiency, and mispronunciation of labiodentals sounds and development of abnormal oral habits are developed. Parent's desire plays one of the most major roles for an anterior esthetic appliance for their wards. This case report discusses and elaborates in detail one of the type of fixed anterior esthetic appliance and the considerations to be made while making treatment plan for when and why to place them.","PeriodicalId":56210,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"205 - 208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44602338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.4103/IJDS.IJDS_126_20
Deepak Kumar, T. Ahmad, T. Bhat, Priyadarshani Khadase, Amandeep Kaur
Aim and Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate hemorrhage immediately after extraction and postextraction in patients on oral anticoagulant therapy for the past 5 years. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 patients, equally divided into study group and control group of 50 patients each, who were on anticoagulant therapy for the past 5 years were included in the study and were assessed for general medical status, drug dosage, indication for anticoagulant therapy, and duration of treatment before being included in the study. Before undertaking any procedure, the international normalized ratio (INR) for each of the patient under study was requested and the study was only performed if INR was within the therapeutic range of 2.0–4.0 for each patient. Any patients with INR outside the therapeutic range, patients with liver disease, patients on other drugs that affect the hemostasis (long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, chemotherapeutic and immunosuppressant drugs), and patients who refused to sign the consent for the study were excluded from the study. Results: None of the patients, in study group, had any immediate postoperative bleeding during the 30 min that they were observed after the extractions, and no patient in study group had any bleeding during the first 24 h. One patient from the study group (50-year-old female, INR 3.2) had intermittent oozing on the 3rd day postoperatively, after extractions of lower right 2nd molar. Conclusion: We conclude that hemorrhagic episodes postextraction in patients on anti-coagulant therapy is manageable following atraumatic extraction, hemostatic agents and sutures. Its also concluded that patients on anticoagulant are at high risk of thromboembolic events than postextraction hemorrhage so anticoagulant therapy should be continued without any alteration.
{"title":"Evaluation of hemorrhage immediately after extraction and postextraction in patients on oral anticoagulant therapy for last 5 years","authors":"Deepak Kumar, T. Ahmad, T. Bhat, Priyadarshani Khadase, Amandeep Kaur","doi":"10.4103/IJDS.IJDS_126_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/IJDS.IJDS_126_20","url":null,"abstract":"Aim and Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate hemorrhage immediately after extraction and postextraction in patients on oral anticoagulant therapy for the past 5 years. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 patients, equally divided into study group and control group of 50 patients each, who were on anticoagulant therapy for the past 5 years were included in the study and were assessed for general medical status, drug dosage, indication for anticoagulant therapy, and duration of treatment before being included in the study. Before undertaking any procedure, the international normalized ratio (INR) for each of the patient under study was requested and the study was only performed if INR was within the therapeutic range of 2.0–4.0 for each patient. Any patients with INR outside the therapeutic range, patients with liver disease, patients on other drugs that affect the hemostasis (long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, chemotherapeutic and immunosuppressant drugs), and patients who refused to sign the consent for the study were excluded from the study. Results: None of the patients, in study group, had any immediate postoperative bleeding during the 30 min that they were observed after the extractions, and no patient in study group had any bleeding during the first 24 h. One patient from the study group (50-year-old female, INR 3.2) had intermittent oozing on the 3rd day postoperatively, after extractions of lower right 2nd molar. Conclusion: We conclude that hemorrhagic episodes postextraction in patients on anti-coagulant therapy is manageable following atraumatic extraction, hemostatic agents and sutures. Its also concluded that patients on anticoagulant are at high risk of thromboembolic events than postextraction hemorrhage so anticoagulant therapy should be continued without any alteration.","PeriodicalId":56210,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Dental Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":"192 - 195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43572689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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