Heinrich Winterscheid, Z. Kvaček, J. Váňa, M. Ignatov
{"title":"Systematic-taxonomic revision of the flora from the late Oligocene Fossillagerstätte Rott near Bonn (Germany). Part 1: Introduction; Bryidae, Polypodiidae, and Pinidae","authors":"Heinrich Winterscheid, Z. Kvaček, J. Váňa, M. Ignatov","doi":"10.1127/PALB/2018/0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/PALB/2018/0058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56273,"journal":{"name":"Palaeontographica Abteilung B-Palaeophytologie Palaeobotany-Palaeophytology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2018-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77662491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Pott, J. Bouchal, Thereis Y. S. Choo, Rihab Yousif, B. Bomfleur
The floral assemblage from the Carnian (Upper Triassic) of Lunz-am-See in Austria contains a rich and diverse array of ferns and fern allies, most of which have been considered only marginally, som ...
{"title":"Ferns and fern allies from the Carnian (Upper Triassic) of Lunz am See, Lower Austria: A melting pot of Mesozoic fern vegetation","authors":"C. Pott, J. Bouchal, Thereis Y. S. Choo, Rihab Yousif, B. Bomfleur","doi":"10.1127/PALB/2017/0059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/PALB/2017/0059","url":null,"abstract":"The floral assemblage from the Carnian (Upper Triassic) of Lunz-am-See in Austria contains a rich and diverse array of ferns and fern allies, most of which have been considered only marginally, som ...","PeriodicalId":56273,"journal":{"name":"Palaeontographica Abteilung B-Palaeophytologie Palaeobotany-Palaeophytology","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2018-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90940066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-11DOI: 10.1127/PALB/296/2017/113
Tuncay H. Güner, J. Bouchal, N. Köse, Fikret Göktaş, Serdar Mayda, T. Denk
Plant macro fossils from the lignite mines of Eskihisar, Tinaz, and Salihpasalar (Yatagan Basin, southwestern Anatolia) were investigated. The fossils were collected from marls overlying the exploi ...
{"title":"Landscape heterogeneity in the Yatağan Basin (southwestern Turkey) during the middle Miocene inferred from plant macro fossils","authors":"Tuncay H. Güner, J. Bouchal, N. Köse, Fikret Göktaş, Serdar Mayda, T. Denk","doi":"10.1127/PALB/296/2017/113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/PALB/296/2017/113","url":null,"abstract":"Plant macro fossils from the lignite mines of Eskihisar, Tinaz, and Salihpasalar (Yatagan Basin, southwestern Anatolia) were investigated. The fossils were collected from marls overlying the exploi ...","PeriodicalId":56273,"journal":{"name":"Palaeontographica Abteilung B-Palaeophytologie Palaeobotany-Palaeophytology","volume":"296 1","pages":"113-171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2017-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86964915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-21DOI: 10.1127/PALB/295/2017/135
L. Hably, B. Meller
{"title":"Sarmatian wetlands at the NW margin of the Pannonian Basin system (Gratkorn, Styrian Basin, Austria, late middle Miocene). Part 1. The leaf record","authors":"L. Hably, B. Meller","doi":"10.1127/PALB/295/2017/135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/PALB/295/2017/135","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":56273,"journal":{"name":"Palaeontographica Abteilung B-Palaeophytologie Palaeobotany-Palaeophytology","volume":"22 1","pages":"135-165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2017-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87818518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-21DOI: 10.1127/PALB/295/2017/91
E. Zodrow, J. D'Angelo, C. Cleal
The postulated relationship between chemistry and frond architecture is further tested based on a 450 mm frond segment Alethopteris ambigua Lesquereux pars from the Sydney Coalfield (Canada), this being the largest specimen known for this species. Micromorphology demonstrated amphistomatic rachides with larger anomocytic stomata than on the hypostomatic pinnules, and rachial epidermal cells that are irregularly elongate to polygonal-rectangular, intermingled with more rectangular isodiametric cells, with hardly any change over the segment. Functional groups or chemical structural groups, however, are continuously variable over the frond segment, allowing meaningful comparisons between frond parts. Based on these data, a three-dimensional “model” is derived which explains the relationship between the frond architecture and changes in chemical structural groups. Furthermore, the aromatic-rich compounds correlate with robust and stiffer proximal frond parts, whereas the aliphatic-rich compounds correlate with the slender and flexible distal parts. The former reflects lignin-related compounds in the basal part of the frond, and the latter tannin and resin-like chemicals as secondary metabolites in pinnules and midveins as the defense against herbivory. Strengthening the relationship between the hypothesized fossil chemistry-frond architecture is the testable prediction of chemistry of the “missing parts” in the likely quadripinnate A. ambigua frond, i.e. the petiole, frond bifurcation, and their adjacent proximal and most robust parts.
{"title":"3D chemometric model and frond architecture of Alethopteris ambigua (Medullosales): Implications for reconstruction and taxonomy","authors":"E. Zodrow, J. D'Angelo, C. Cleal","doi":"10.1127/PALB/295/2017/91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/PALB/295/2017/91","url":null,"abstract":"The postulated relationship between chemistry and frond architecture is further tested based on a 450 mm frond segment Alethopteris ambigua Lesquereux pars from the Sydney Coalfield (Canada), this being the largest specimen known for this species. Micromorphology demonstrated amphistomatic rachides with larger anomocytic stomata than on the hypostomatic pinnules, and rachial epidermal cells that are irregularly elongate to polygonal-rectangular, intermingled with more rectangular isodiametric cells, with hardly any change over the segment. Functional groups or chemical structural groups, however, are continuously variable over the frond segment, allowing meaningful comparisons between frond parts. Based on these data, a three-dimensional “model” is derived which explains the relationship between the frond architecture and changes in chemical structural groups. Furthermore, the aromatic-rich compounds correlate with robust and stiffer proximal frond parts, whereas the aliphatic-rich compounds correlate with the slender and flexible distal parts. The former reflects lignin-related compounds in the basal part of the frond, and the latter tannin and resin-like chemicals as secondary metabolites in pinnules and midveins as the defense against herbivory. Strengthening the relationship between the hypothesized fossil chemistry-frond architecture is the testable prediction of chemistry of the “missing parts” in the likely quadripinnate A. ambigua frond, i.e. the petiole, frond bifurcation, and their adjacent proximal and most robust parts.","PeriodicalId":56273,"journal":{"name":"Palaeontographica Abteilung B-Palaeophytologie Palaeobotany-Palaeophytology","volume":"5 1","pages":"91-133"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2017-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75982932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-28DOI: 10.1127/PALB/295/2016/33
C. T. Gee, D. W. Taylor
Although biologically diverse in insects and plants, the late Oligocene lake deposit of Rott near Bonn in western Germany has yielded very few aquatic macrophytes. Thus, newly discovered evidence of water lilies prompted a phylogenetic analysis of the fossil leaves, whereby one type of water lily leaf was found to pertain to the order Nymphaeales, family Nymphaeceae, genus Nymphaea, subgenus Lotos. Here we describe this previously unknown water lily leaf as a new species of Nymphaea, N. elisabethae Gee et David W. Taylor sp. nov. This leaf is characterized by a notophyllous size, ovate shape, entire margin, narrow basal sinus, and eccentric peltate petiolar insertion. Its primary vein category is actinodromous, while the vein category of lateral primaries and secondary veins off the medial primary vein is brochidodromous. Furthermore, the secondary veins off the medial primary are uniformly spaced, while the tertiary vein course is convex. Comparisons with other leaves from the Rott fossillagerstätte, as well as from other Paleogene and Neogene deposits with water lily leaves in Europe confirm the distinctive leaf morphology of the new species. The occurrence of N. elisabethae representing the subgenus Lotos in the upper Oligocene flora of Rott agrees well with recently discovered carpofloral evidence of the subgenus from the upper Oligocene of southern France. These two fossil occurrences of subgenus Lotos in Europe suggest a time of divergence of about 10 million years earlier than the mid-Miocene divergence time suggested by molecular data.
虽然昆虫和植物的生物多样性，但德国西部波恩附近的罗特晚渐新世湖泊沉积物中很少有水生植物。因此，新发现的睡莲证据促使了对化石叶片的系统发育分析，其中一种睡莲叶片属于睡莲目，睡莲科，睡莲属，莲花亚属。在这里，我们将这种以前不为人知的睡莲叶描述为睡莲属的一个新种，N. elisabethae Gee et David W. Taylor sp. nov.。这片叶子的特征是叶柄大小，卵形，整个边缘，狭窄的基窦，和偏心的骨盆端插入。其主静脉类为放线状静脉，而内侧主静脉外侧主静脉和次静脉类为枝状静脉。此外，离内侧主静脉的次静脉均匀间隔，而第三静脉路线是凸的。与其他来自Rott fossillagerstätte的叶子，以及来自欧洲其他古近纪和新近纪的睡莲叶子沉积物的比较，证实了这个新物种独特的叶子形态。代表Lotos亚属的N. elisabethae在Rott上渐新世植物区系中的出现与最近在法国南部上渐新世发现的Lotos亚属的carpoflower证据一致。这两个在欧洲出现的Lotos亚属化石表明，Lotos亚属的分化时间比分子数据显示的中新世中期分化时间早了大约1000万年。
{"title":"Aquatic macrophytes from the upper Oligocene fossillagerstätte of Rott (Rhineland, Germany). Part II: A new fossil leaf species of Nymphaea (subgenus Lotos), N. elisabethae Gee et David W. Taylor sp. nov.","authors":"C. T. Gee, D. W. Taylor","doi":"10.1127/PALB/295/2016/33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/PALB/295/2016/33","url":null,"abstract":"Although biologically diverse in insects and plants, the late Oligocene lake deposit of Rott near Bonn in western Germany has yielded very few aquatic macrophytes. Thus, newly discovered evidence of water lilies prompted a phylogenetic analysis of the fossil leaves, whereby one type of water lily leaf was found to pertain to the order Nymphaeales, family Nymphaeceae, genus Nymphaea, subgenus Lotos. Here we describe this previously unknown water lily leaf as a new species of Nymphaea, N. elisabethae Gee et David W. Taylor sp. nov. This leaf is characterized by a notophyllous size, ovate shape, entire margin, narrow basal sinus, and eccentric peltate petiolar insertion. Its primary vein category is actinodromous, while the vein category of lateral primaries and secondary veins off the medial primary vein is brochidodromous. Furthermore, the secondary veins off the medial primary are uniformly spaced, while the tertiary vein course is convex. Comparisons with other leaves from the Rott fossillagerstätte, as well as from other Paleogene and Neogene deposits with water lily leaves in Europe confirm the distinctive leaf morphology of the new species. The occurrence of N. elisabethae representing the subgenus Lotos in the upper Oligocene flora of Rott agrees well with recently discovered carpofloral evidence of the subgenus from the upper Oligocene of southern France. These two fossil occurrences of subgenus Lotos in Europe suggest a time of divergence of about 10 million years earlier than the mid-Miocene divergence time suggested by molecular data.","PeriodicalId":56273,"journal":{"name":"Palaeontographica Abteilung B-Palaeophytologie Palaeobotany-Palaeophytology","volume":"30 1","pages":"33-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2016-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87962883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-28DOI: 10.1127/PALB/295/2016/69
L. Kunzmann, Z. Kvaček, V. Teodoridis, Christian Müller, K. Moraweck
The Cenozoic basins in Germany (Weißelster) and the Czech Republic (Cheb, Sokolov and Most) have an extensive fossil record of riparian vegetation traceable from the middle Eocene to the early Miocene. Within this paper we focus on its evolution and gradual changes between the late Bartonian and the Eocene-Oligocene turnover, a time interval of gradual global cooling. For most of the time span a certain stasis in the development of azonal regional vegetation was previously observed resulting in the establishment of the Zeitz floristic complex (“Florenkomplex”) that covers ca. 3.0–3.5 Ma contradicting the suspected global climatic trend. Herein we summarize results of investigations of several fossil floras of the Weißelster Basin that were conducted over the last decade and allocate them into the modern lithostratigraphic concept for central Germany. Previously published floras from this basin that come from an unambiguous lithostratigraphic position are revisited. For comparison the floras from Northern Bohemia are included. Our results show that the Zeitz floristic complex cannot be maintained in its original circumscription but needs a subdivision into three floristic stages based on immigration and disappearance of key vegetation elements. Stage 1, representing the type horizon and flora of the Zeitz floristic complex, is characterized by the presence of typical ‘subtropical’ species persisting since the middle Eocene, e. g. Doliostrobus taxiformis, Laurophyllum syncarpifolium, Steinhauera subglobosa, and Rhodomyrtophyllum reticulosum. In stage 2 thermophilous deciduous elements such as Platanus neptuni and Taxodium dubium as well as new Lauraceae immigrate into the regional vegetation. The stage 3 is typified by the disappearence of the old ‘subtropical’ elements, whereas other evergreen warmtemperate or ‘subtropical’ elements such as Eotrigonobalaus furcinervis and Quasisequoia couttsiae persist. They were probably able to withstand significant climatic changes during the Eocene-Oligocene transition. A massive immigration of broad-leaved deciduous elements prior to the Eocene-Oligocene boundary, known from the Northern Bohemian flora of Roudníky has not been recognized in the Weißelster Basin.
{"title":"Vegetation dynamics of riparian forest in central Europe during the late Eocene","authors":"L. Kunzmann, Z. Kvaček, V. Teodoridis, Christian Müller, K. Moraweck","doi":"10.1127/PALB/295/2016/69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/PALB/295/2016/69","url":null,"abstract":"The Cenozoic basins in Germany (Weißelster) and the Czech Republic (Cheb, Sokolov and Most) have an extensive fossil record of riparian vegetation traceable from the middle Eocene to the early Miocene. Within this paper we focus on its evolution and gradual changes between the late Bartonian and the Eocene-Oligocene turnover, a time interval of gradual global cooling. For most of the time span a certain stasis in the development of azonal regional vegetation was previously observed resulting in the establishment of the Zeitz floristic complex (“Florenkomplex”) that covers ca. 3.0–3.5 Ma contradicting the suspected global climatic trend. Herein we summarize results of investigations of several fossil floras of the Weißelster Basin that were conducted over the last decade and allocate them into the modern lithostratigraphic concept for central Germany. Previously published floras from this basin that come from an unambiguous lithostratigraphic position are revisited. For comparison the floras from Northern Bohemia are included. Our results show that the Zeitz floristic complex cannot be maintained in its original circumscription but needs a subdivision into three floristic stages based on immigration and disappearance of key vegetation elements. Stage 1, representing the type horizon and flora of the Zeitz floristic complex, is characterized by the presence of typical ‘subtropical’ species persisting since the middle Eocene, e. g. Doliostrobus taxiformis, Laurophyllum syncarpifolium, Steinhauera subglobosa, and Rhodomyrtophyllum reticulosum. In stage 2 thermophilous deciduous elements such as Platanus neptuni and Taxodium dubium as well as new Lauraceae immigrate into the regional vegetation. The stage 3 is typified by the disappearence of the old ‘subtropical’ elements, whereas other evergreen warmtemperate or ‘subtropical’ elements such as Eotrigonobalaus furcinervis and Quasisequoia couttsiae persist. They were probably able to withstand significant climatic changes during the Eocene-Oligocene transition. A massive immigration of broad-leaved deciduous elements prior to the Eocene-Oligocene boundary, known from the Northern Bohemian flora of Roudníky has not been recognized in the Weißelster Basin.","PeriodicalId":56273,"journal":{"name":"Palaeontographica Abteilung B-Palaeophytologie Palaeobotany-Palaeophytology","volume":"1 1","pages":"69-89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2016-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88566627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-12-28DOI: 10.1127/PALB/295/2016/45
R. Kowalski
An infructescence of Carpolites carpinoides Mai is reported from the lower-middle Miocene of the Polish coast of the Baltic Sea, close to Cape Rozewie. Based on this, the previously suggested morphological relationship between Carpolites carpinoides and extant Carpinus, Comptonia, Kolkwitzia, Pentaphragma, and Scaevola can’t be confirmed. In addition, the systematic review of recent angiosperm families using an interactive key (Intkey) did not successfully link Carpolites carpinoides to a particular family. From an analysis of the obtained information, it is suggested that Carpolites carpinoides may represent an extinct genus, probably of fagalean affinity. Carpolites carpinoides is suggested to be a typical Atlantic-Boreal province taxon and a common element of the Taxodium-Glyptostrobus swamp forests and coniferous bogs.
{"title":"The first infructescence of Carpolites carpinoides Mai (Miocene, Northern Poland) and its taxonomic significance","authors":"R. Kowalski","doi":"10.1127/PALB/295/2016/45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1127/PALB/295/2016/45","url":null,"abstract":"An infructescence of Carpolites carpinoides Mai is reported from the lower-middle Miocene of the Polish coast of the Baltic Sea, close to Cape Rozewie. Based on this, the previously suggested morphological relationship between Carpolites carpinoides and extant Carpinus, Comptonia, Kolkwitzia, Pentaphragma, and Scaevola can’t be confirmed. In addition, the systematic review of recent angiosperm families using an interactive key (Intkey) did not successfully link Carpolites carpinoides to a particular family. From an analysis of the obtained information, it is suggested that Carpolites carpinoides may represent an extinct genus, probably of fagalean affinity. Carpolites carpinoides is suggested to be a typical Atlantic-Boreal province taxon and a common element of the Taxodium-Glyptostrobus swamp forests and coniferous bogs.","PeriodicalId":56273,"journal":{"name":"Palaeontographica Abteilung B-Palaeophytologie Palaeobotany-Palaeophytology","volume":"65 1","pages":"45-67"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2016-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79007508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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