Journal International Des Sciences De La Vigne et Du Vin最新文献

{"title":"Vine water status is a key factor in grape ripening and vintage quality for red Bordeaux wine. How can it be assessed for vineyard management purposes","authors":"C. V. Leeuwen, O. Trégoat, X. Choné, B. Bois, D. Pernet, J. Gaudillère","doi":"10.20870/OENO-ONE.2009.43.3.798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20870/OENO-ONE.2009.43.3.798","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The impact of water deficit stress on vine shoot growth, berry weight, grape composition and overall vintage quality was investigated in Bordeaux vineyards. Methods for assessing water deficit stress were compared.Methods and results: Vine water status was assessed on three soil types during four vintages by means of stem water potential and carbon isotope discrimination measured on grape sugar. Regional water deficit was compared for a range of over 30 vintages by means of water balance modelling. It was shown that water deficit stress anticipated shoot growth slackening, limited berry weight and enhanced berry anthocyanin content. Berry sugar content was greatest when water deficit was mild. It was shown that stem water potential measurements and carbon isotope discrimination are accurate tools for assessing vine water status at plot scale. Seasonal water deficit at a regional scale can be correctly estimated by water balance models. Vintage quality in Bordeaux is determined by the intensity of water deficit stress rather than by the level of the temperatures.Conclusions: Vine phenology and grape ripening are highly dependent on water uptake conditions. Mild water deficit stress enhances grape quality for the production of red wines. Vine water status can accurately be assessed by means of stem water potential or carbon isotope discrimination measured on grape sugars. Quality losses through severe water stress can be avoided through the use of drought-adapted plant material, appropriate canopy management, yield reduction or the implementation of deficit irrigation.Significance and impact of the study: This study shows the key role of water deficits in the production of quality grapes for red wine production. Methods for assessing vine water status are compared and discussed. Among many existing methods, the accuracy of stem water potential, carbon isotope discrimination measured on grape sugar and water balance modelling are emphasized.","PeriodicalId":56279,"journal":{"name":"Journal International Des Sciences De La Vigne et Du Vin","volume":"43 1","pages":"121-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67754376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANALYZING THE FUNCTIONAL ASSOCIATION AMONG SEED TRAITS, BERRY GROWTH AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION IN CABERNET-SAUVIGNON BERRY (VITIS VINIFERA L.) USING A MATHEMATICAL GROWTH FUNCTION","authors":"Z. Dai, M. Génard, Shaohua Li, P. Vivin","doi":"10.20870/OENO-ONE.2009.43.1.807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20870/OENO-ONE.2009.43.1.807","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This study aimed at assessing the functional linkage among seed traits (including seed number, seed weight), berry growth and berry sugar and acid concentration by adapting a mathematical growth function with parameters having biological importance.Methods and results: The evolution of berry diameter of Cabernet-Sauvignon was satisfactorily fitted to a bi-phasic growth function with six parameters. Correlations between the parameters and berry characteristics, including time of skin color change, seed number, seed weight, final berry size and chemical composition, were analyzed. Results showed that berry growth within a bunch deviated according to seed number, which positively related to parameters describing diameter increment (D1) and initial growth rate (GRini) during the first rapid growth phase, but not related to any parameters involved in the second growth phase. The time of skin color change was negatively associated with mean seed weight, and coincided with growth parameter DABmax that denotes the time when growth rate is maximum during the second rapid growth phase. Sugar concentration was negatively correlated to final berry fresh weight (BFW), seed fresh weight (SFW), GRini and diameter increment during the second rapid growth phase (D2). Path analysis further revealed that the negative effects of SFW and D2 were indirectly mediated via BFW and GRini.Conclusions: We thus conclude that seed affects berry growth and exerts its influence only during the first growth phase via modifying the parameters D1 and GRini. The time of colour change is also affected by seed, and might not be a good indicator of growth restoration after the lag phase. Sugar concentration is linked to final berry size, specific berry growth parameters and seed weight, for the last mainly in an indirect manner.Significance of the study: This study, integrating the analysis of berry growth and composition with a mathematical growth function, provides a valuable approach for deeper understanding of the functional associations among seed traits, berry growth and berry sugar and acid concentration at the berry level.","PeriodicalId":56279,"journal":{"name":"Journal International Des Sciences De La Vigne et Du Vin","volume":"43 1","pages":"35-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67754537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthocyanin extractability assessment of grape skins by texture analysis","authors":"L. Rolle, F. Torchio, G. Zeppa, V. Gerbi","doi":"10.20870/OENO-ONE.2008.42.3.819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20870/OENO-ONE.2008.42.3.819","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The aim of this work was to evaluate the kinetics of anthocyanin extraction in berries of cv Brachetto and Nebbiolo, having the same level of total soluble solids, but with different skin hardness.Methods and results: A puncture test was carried out on berries calibrated according to their density, estimated by flotation in different salt solutions. For each variety, two groups of berries of different skin hardness were selected: soft ( medium value). Spectrophotometric and HPLC methods were used to evaluate the kinetics of anthocyanin extraction in a hydroalcoholic buffer solution. In each of the examined cultivars, the grapes with a higher break skin force produced extracts with a higher content in total anthocyanin. The anthocyanin profile of extracts of Brachetto hard skin is characterized by a higher content of acetyl-glucosides.Conclusion: Texture analysis, which is fast and inexpensive, turned out to be an excellent analytical technique to verify skin hardness measurements. The break skin force proved to be a mechanical parameter able to estimate the extractability of anthocyanins with adequate reliability.Significance and impact of study: The possibility of having an easy way to determine maturity index able to estimate the extractability of phenol compounds with sufficient reliability, can be a valuable tool for the enological community.","PeriodicalId":56279,"journal":{"name":"Journal International Des Sciences De La Vigne et Du Vin","volume":"42 1","pages":"157-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67753757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating spatial and temporal variations in solar radiation within Bordeaux winegrowing region using remotely sensed data","authors":"B. Bois, L. Wald, P. Pieri, C. Leeuwen, L. Commagnac, P. Chéry, Maxime Christen, J. Gaudillère, É. Saur","doi":"10.20870/OENO-ONE.2008.42.1.829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20870/OENO-ONE.2008.42.1.829","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This paper presents a study solar radiation spatial and temporal variations in Bordeaux winegrowing area, for a 20 year period (1986-2005). Methods and results: Solar radiation data was retrieved from the HelioClim-1 database, elaborated from Meteosat satellite images, using the Heliosat-2 algorithm. Daily data was interpolated using ordinary kriging to produce horizontal solar radiation maps at a 500 m resolution. Using a digital elevation model, high resolution daily solar radiation maps with terrain integration were then produced for the period 2001-2005, at a 50 m resolution. The long term (20 years) analysis of solar radiation at low spatial resolution (500 m) showed a west to east decreasing gradient within Bordeaux vineyards. Mean August-to-September daily irradiation values, on horizontal surface, were used to classify Bordeaux winegrowing areas in three zones: low, medium, and high solar radiation areas. This initial zoning was upscaled at 50 m resolution, applying a local correction ratio, based on 2001-2005 solar radiation on inclined surface analysis. Grapevine development and maturation potential of the different zones of appellation of origin of Bordeaux winegrowing area are discussed in relation with this zoning. 2 Conclusions: Solar radiation variability within Bordeaux winegrowing area is mainly governed by terrain slopes and orientations, which induce considerable variations within the eastern part of Bordeaux vineyards. Significance and impact of the study: Solar radiation has a major impact on vineyard water balance, grapevine development and berry ripening. However, irradiation data is seldom available in weather stations records. This paper underline the interest of high resolution cartography of solar radiation, using satellite sensing and terrain effect integration, for agroclimatic studies in viticulture.","PeriodicalId":56279,"journal":{"name":"Journal International Des Sciences De La Vigne et Du Vin","volume":"42 1","pages":"15-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67753620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic characterization of Sardinia grapevine cultivars by SSR markers analysis","authors":"F. Mattia, S. Imazio, F. Grassi, G. Lovicu, J. Tardáguila, O. Failla, Chiara Maitt, A. Scienza, M. Labra","doi":"10.20870/OENO-ONE.2007.41.4.837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20870/OENO-ONE.2007.41.4.837","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The objective of the present study is to investigate the molecular characteristics of Sardinian grapevine cultivars to evaluate cases of synonyms and false attributions to protect local agro-biodiversity. Methods and results: The SSR analysis (13 loci) has been used to define the DNA fingerprint and the relationships with Sardinian grapevine cultivars. Results highlighted a high genetic variability among the accessions, with the Dice coefficients performing from 0 to 0.8. Despite the genetic richness, thirteen groups of redundant genotypes were detected. Molecular analysis refers of cultivars harbouring the same SSR profile but different berry colours such as cultivars Licronaxu Bianco and Nero and Moscatello Bianco and Nero. It could by hypothesized that Licronaxu and Moscatello could derive from a specific retrotransposon-induced mutation event in genes regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis. Conclusion: Sardinian germplasm has a real problem of cultivar identification probably due to different factors such as the absence of an exhaustive ampelography, problems in the language to name varieties and the existence of cultivars sensitive to biotic and abiotic stresses producing evident morphological modifications leading to mistakes in recognising and identifying properly the affected plants. However, our molecular results suggest that high grape-biodiversity is still preserved in this region.","PeriodicalId":56279,"journal":{"name":"Journal International Des Sciences De La Vigne et Du Vin","volume":"41 1","pages":"175-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67754014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new method for the identification of cyclic diglycerols in wine","authors":"M. Bononi, C. Favale, E. Lubian, F. Tateo","doi":"10.20870/OENO-ONE.2001.35.4.1690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20870/OENO-ONE.2001.35.4.1690","url":null,"abstract":"Glycerol is the most important secondary product of the grape's must fermentation, but it can be also industrially produced by synthesis. In this case, other substances such as cyclic diglycerols (CycD) and 3-methoxy -1,2-propandiol (3-MPD), are present together with glycerol. The presence of CycD and 3-MPD in wine evidences the illegally addition of glycerol. This paper proposes a new analytical method able to evidence CycD by GC/MS operating in MID (Multiple Ion Detection) or SIM (Single Ion Monitoring) mode.","PeriodicalId":56279,"journal":{"name":"Journal International Des Sciences De La Vigne et Du Vin","volume":"238 1","pages":"225-229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67749277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of water status on vine vegetative growth, berry ripening, and wine characteristics in Mediterranean zone (example of Nemea, Greece, variety Saint-George, 1997)","authors":"S. Koundouras, C. V. Leeuwen, G. Seguin, Y. Glories","doi":"10.20870/OENO-ONE.1999.33.4.1020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20870/OENO-ONE.1999.33.4.1020","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of grapevine water status on vine physiological mecanisms and vigour, as well as on berry ripening and wine characteristics, was studied during the summer of 1997 in the Nemea vine growing area (Peloponnesus, Greece). This involved three non irrigated vineyards planted with the local variety Saint-George (Agiorgitiko). These vineyards differed by their soil texture and by the presence of a water table within reach of the roots. The soil of the plot \"A\", located at 350 m in altitude, contained a high amount of gravel and stones between 0 and 50 cm in depth. The subsoil contained nearly 50 p. cent of clay. The plot \"L\" was located on a plain at 300 m in altitude. Its soil was very loamy. The plot \"N\" was located on a plain at 260 m in altitude. Its soil contained a high amount of clay and loam but its main caracteristic was the presence of a permanent water table within reach of the roots. Vine water status was evaluated throughout the season by measurements of leaf water potential Ψ. Additional measurements of soil water content were executed by means of a TDR moisture probe (Time Domaine Reflectometry). Water uptake of the vines showed great differences on the three plots. On the plot A, water uptake of the vines diminished brutally from June (pre-dawn Ψ= -0,2 MPa) through September (pre-dawn Ψ= -1,0 MPa); measurements of stomatal conductance in early September showed that stomata remained practically closed throughout the day. On the plot N, water was easily available to the vines throughout the summer. Pre-dawn leaf water potential remained between 0 and -0,2 MPa from June till September. Stomatal conductance, measured in early September, was high. On L, vine water status was intermediate: pre-dawn leaf water potential declined throughout the season, but not as dramatically as on A. Stomatal conductance, measured in early September, was intermediate between N and A. Water availability had a clear effect on vegetative growth. Growth slackening occured early in the season on A and late on N. On plot A, berries were smaller and showed high sugar and anthocyanin concentration and low malic acid content. Wine from A, obtained by mini-vinification (3,5 hl), was rich in alcohol, anthocyanins and tanins. On N, berries had a low sugar and anthocyanin content. Wine from grapes grown on N was poor in alcohol and polyphenolics. Berry and wine composition was intermediate on L.","PeriodicalId":56279,"journal":{"name":"Journal International Des Sciences De La Vigne et Du Vin","volume":"33 1","pages":"149-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67749055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}