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Wigner’s Diamond and the Quantum Fragmentation of Space-time 维格纳的钻石和时空的量子碎片
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2026-03-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-026-00915-z
Jacques L. Pienaar

Recent no-go theorems on interpretations of quantum theory featuring an assumption of ‘Absoluteness of Observed Events’ (AOE) are shown to have an unexpectedly strong corollary: one cannot reject AOE and at the same time assume that the ‘observed events’ in question can all be (i) single-valued and (ii) embedded within a single background space-time common to all observers. Consequently, interpretations that reject AOE appear incompatible with a ‘block universe’ view of space-time.

最近关于量子理论解释的不去定理以“观察事件的绝对性”(AOE)的假设为特征,显示出一个意想不到的强大推论:一个人不能拒绝AOE,同时假设所讨论的“观察事件”都可以是(i)单值的,(ii)嵌入所有观察者共同的单一背景时空中。因此,拒绝AOE的解释似乎与“块宇宙”的时空观不相容。
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引用次数: 0
Correction to Article “Free Electron Paths from Dirac’s Wave Equation Elucidating Zitterbewegung and Spin” in Foundations of Physics (2026) 56:10 修正《物理学基础》(2026)56:10文章“从狄拉克波方程中解释自旋和自旋的自由电子路径”
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-026-00921-1
James L. Beck
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引用次数: 0
Mass-Dependent Minimal Length and Deformed Quantum Mechanics from Heterotic String Theory 质量依赖的最小长度和来自异质弦理论的变形量子力学
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2026-02-21 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-026-00917-x
Arshid Shabir, Mir Faizal

A first-principles derivation of deformed quantum mechanics is presented for the (alpha ')-corrected heterotic string. Upon compactification, the leading corrections induces a quartic momentum correction term to a scalar dispersion relation. This modification is precisely equivalent to a deformed canonical commutator whose single deformation parameter is set by the Calabi-Yau volume, internal curvature, and background fluxes, thereby establishing a finite minimal length. Positivity of the four-derivative coupling confines the Lee-Wick ghost to scales far above the higher-derivative cutoff, whose value and thus the threshold for stringy corrections is fixed by the same geometric data. Moreover, these inputs can amplify the deformation, pushing the minimal length well beyond the string scale. Earlier proposals based on generalized-uncertainty-principle deformations suggested, on purely phenomenological grounds, that quantum-gravity effects might emerge at such elevated scales; the present analysis provides the first rigorous string-theoretic foundation for that scenario. Finally, unlike standard phenomenological models, the deformation derived here depends on the probe mass, yielding significant implications for important physical problems such as species-sensitive black-hole bounds.

对(alpha ') -修正的异质弦给出了变形量子力学的第一性原理推导。紧化后,前导修正引入标量色散关系的四次动量修正项。这种修正精确地等效于一个变形正则换向子,其单一变形参数由Calabi-Yau体积、内部曲率和背景通量设定,从而建立一个有限最小长度。四导数耦合的正性将Lee-Wick幽灵限制在远高于高导数截止值的尺度上,其值和因此弦校正的阈值由相同的几何数据固定。此外,这些输入可以放大变形,使最小长度远远超出管柱尺寸。早期基于广义不确定性原理变形的建议,在纯粹现象学的基础上,量子引力效应可能在如此高的尺度上出现;目前的分析为这种情况提供了第一个严格的弦理论基础。最后,与标准的现象学模型不同,这里导出的变形取决于探测器的质量,这对重要的物理问题(如物种敏感的黑洞边界)产生了重要的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Addendum: A Note on the Electron’s Magnetic Moment 附录:关于电子磁矩的注解
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2026-02-21 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-026-00912-2
Marco Sanchioni
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引用次数: 0
The Born Rule as a Natural Transformation of Functors 玻恩定则作为函子的自然变换
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-026-00918-w
Boyu Yang, James Fullwood

In this work, we show that the quantum mechanical notions of density operator, positive operator-valued measure (POVM), and the Born rule, are all simultaneously encoded in the categorical notion of a natural transformation of functors. In particular, we show that given a fixed quantum system A, there exists an explicit bijection from the set of density operators on the associated Hilbert space (mathcal {H}_A) to the set of natural transformations between the canonical measurement and probability functors associated with the system A, which formalize the way in which quantum effects (i.e., POVM elements) and their associated probabilities are additive with respect to a coarse-graining of measurements.

在这项工作中,我们证明了密度算子、正算子值测度(POVM)和玻恩规则的量子力学概念都同时编码在函子的自然变换的范畴概念中。特别地,我们证明了给定一个固定的量子系统a,存在一个显式双射,从相关Hilbert空间(mathcal {H}_A)上的密度算子集到与系统a相关的规范测量和概率函子之间的自然变换集,它形式化了量子效应(即POVM元素)及其相关概率相对于粗粒度测量是可加的方式。
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引用次数: 0
An Extendible Spacetime Without Closed Timelike Curves Whose Every Extension Contains Closed Timelike Curves 一个没有封闭类时曲线的可扩展时空,其每一个扩展都包含封闭类时曲线
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-026-00914-0
H. Andréka, J. Madarász, J. Manchak, I. Németi, G. Székely

By removing a fractal from time-rolled Minkowski spacetime, we construct an extendible spacetime without closed timelike curves whose every extension contains closed timelike curves. This settles a question posed by Geroch.

通过从时间滚化的闵可夫斯基时空中去掉分形,构造了一个没有封闭类时曲线的可扩展时空,其每一个扩展都包含封闭类时曲线。这就解决了乔治提出的一个问题。
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引用次数: 0
Relational Information Towards a New Kind of Information in Quantum Mechanics 走向量子力学中一种新的信息——关系信息
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-026-00916-y
Niccolo Covoni, Marco Sanchioni

This paper argues that von Neumann entropy plays two conceptually distinct roles in quantum theory. When applied to global mixed states, it expresses the quantum analogue of the informational entropy. But when applied to reduced states of entangled systems, it measures objective physical correlations. We propose that this second usage realizes a new informational kind, which we call relational information. Unlike information in communication theory, it reflects structural interdependence between systems, not probability about a certain outcome. We further suggest that this informational kind has ontological significance: relational information is a physically instantiated feature of entangled systems, and not merely an agent-relative concept.

本文认为,冯·诺依曼熵在量子理论中扮演着两个概念上截然不同的角色。当应用于全局混合态时,它表达了信息熵的量子模拟。但是当应用于纠缠系统的简化状态时,它测量的是客观的物理相关性。我们建议第二种用法实现一种新的信息类型,我们称之为关系信息。与通信理论中的信息不同,它反映的是系统之间的结构性相互依赖,而不是某种结果的概率。我们进一步提出,这种信息类型具有本体论意义:关系信息是纠缠系统的物理实例化特征,而不仅仅是一个与代理相关的概念。
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引用次数: 0
Avoiding Sparseness in a Flash Ontology 避免Flash本体中的稀疏性
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-025-00908-4
Joe Coles

Collapse theories provide one of the main approaches to the quantum measurement problem. Roderich Tumulka’s collapse theory (GRWf) has attracted interest because it offers a relativistic collapse theory. GRWf utilises an ontology of flashes to accommodate EPR-Bell type non-local influences within a relativistic theory, an idea suggested by John Bell. Tim Maudlin raises a concern with Tumulka’s flash ontology, arguing that it is too sparse to convincingly account for certain microscopic phenomena. This paper proposes a modification to GRWf that addresses the problem of sparseness, whilst retaining a relativistic treatment of quantum non-locality. The proposal, referred to as the space-time normalisation interpretation (STN), combines the GRWf flash ontology with a statistical interpretation of the wavefunction. The statistical structure of the interpretation is presented as a Hawkes process, consisting of flashes and an intensity function governing their occurrence. For a single-particle system, the square modulus of a renormalised wavefunction serves as the intensity function of the Hawkes process.

坍缩理论是解决量子测量问题的主要方法之一。罗德里希·图穆卡的坍缩理论(GRWf)引起了人们的兴趣,因为它提供了一种相对论性的坍缩理论。GRWf利用闪光本体来适应相对论理论中的EPR-Bell类型的非局部影响,这是John Bell提出的一个想法。蒂姆·莫德林(Tim Maudlin)对图穆卡的闪光本体提出了担忧,认为它过于稀疏,无法令人信服地解释某些微观现象。本文提出了对GRWf的一种修正,解决了稀疏性问题,同时保留了量子非局域性的相对论性处理。该建议被称为时空归一化解释(STN),将GRWf闪光本体与波函数的统计解释相结合。解释的统计结构呈现为霍克斯过程,由闪光和控制闪光发生的强度函数组成。对于单粒子系统,重归一化波函数的平方模量作为霍克斯过程的强度函数。
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引用次数: 0
On the Role of an Intrinsic Action Uncertainty in Classical Dynamics 论经典动力学中内在作用不确定性的作用
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-026-00911-3
Krishna Ramprasad

We introduce a minimal, mathematically controlled modification of the classical action principle that embeds a small, divergence-free field (f_mu (x)) into the Euler–Lagrange equations primarily through modifications in electrodynamics. This modification preserves locality, causality, and charge conservation while generating controlled, small deviations from standard classical trajectories, providing a unified, quantitative framework for mild classical indeterminism. The field (f_mu) is Lorentz-covariant and characterized by a physically motivated spectral density, ensuring consistency across particle, scalar, and gauge systems. To leading order, we derive corrected forces, compute ensemble-averaged trajectory shifts, and identify spectral signatures accessible to high-precision experiments such as Penning traps and cathode beams. With ultraviolet-regularized spectra, the predicted deviations lie within current experimental sensitivity, establishing a direct bridge between foundational theory and empirical testability.

我们引入一个最小的,数学控制的经典作用原理的修改,嵌入一个小的,无发散场(f_mu (x))到欧拉-拉格朗日方程主要是通过修改电动力学。这种修正保留了局部性、因果关系和电荷守恒,同时产生了与标准经典轨迹的可控小偏差,为轻度经典不确定性提供了统一的定量框架。场(f_mu)是洛伦兹协变的,以物理激发的谱密度为特征,确保了粒子、标量和规范系统之间的一致性。首先,我们推导了修正力,计算了总体平均轨迹位移,并确定了可用于高精度实验(如Penning陷阱和阴极光束)的光谱特征。对于紫外正则化光谱,预测偏差在当前的实验灵敏度范围内,在基础理论和经验可测试性之间建立了直接的桥梁。
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引用次数: 0
Algorithmic Idealism: What Should You Believe to Experience Next? 算法理想主义:接下来你应该相信什么?
IF 1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10701-026-00913-1
Markus P Müller

I argue for an approach to the Foundations of Physics that puts the question in the title center stage, rather than asking “what is the case in the world?”. This approach, algorithmic idealism, attempts to give a mathematically rigorous in-principle-answer to this question both in the usual empirical regime of physics and in some more exotic regimes within cosmology, philosophy, and science fiction (but soon perhaps real) technology. I begin by arguing that quantum theory, in its actual practice and in some interpretations, should be understood as telling an agent what they should expect to observe next (rather than what is the case), and that the difficulty of answering this former question from the usual “external” perspective is at the heart of persistent enigmas such as the Boltzmann brain problem, extended Wigner’s friend scenarios, Parfit’s teletransportation paradox, or our understanding of the simulation hypothesis. Algorithmic idealism is a conceptual framework, based on two postulates that admit several possible mathematical formalizations, cast in the language of algorithmic information theory. Here I give a non-technical description of this view and show how it dissolves the aforementioned enigmas: for example, it claims that you should never bet on being a Boltzmann brain regardless of how many there are, that shutting down computer simulations does not generally terminate its inhabitants, and it predicts the apparent embedding into an objective external world as an approximate description.

我主张在《物理学基础》中采用一种方法,将问题置于标题的中心位置,而不是问“世界上发生了什么?”这种方法,即算法唯心主义,试图在通常的物理学经验体系中,以及在宇宙学、哲学和科幻小说(但很快可能是真实的)技术中,对这个问题给出一个数学上严格的原则上的答案。首先,我认为量子理论,在其实际实践和一些解释中,应该被理解为告诉代理人他们应该期待接下来观察到什么(而不是实际情况),并且从通常的“外部”角度回答前一个问题的困难是持久谜题的核心,如玻尔兹曼大脑问题,扩展维格纳的朋友场景,帕菲特的远程运输悖论,或者我们对模拟假设的理解。算法唯心主义是一个概念框架,基于两个假设,承认几种可能的数学形式化,用算法信息论的语言表达。在这里,我对这一观点进行了非技术的描述,并展示了它是如何解开上述谜题的:例如,它声称,无论有多少个玻尔兹曼大脑,你都不应该把赌注压在成为玻尔兹曼大脑上,关闭计算机模拟通常不会终止它的居住者,它预测了嵌入客观外部世界的明显行为,这是一种近似描述。
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