Pub Date : 2012-03-05DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178672
C. C. Njoku, W. Whittow, Y. Vardaxoglou
While we seem to be experiencing a material evolution by applying unique properties of metamaterials, such as negative constitutive parameters and to some extent cloaking phenomena, not much attention has been paid in the practical suitability of synthetic materials towards antenna designs. The antenna designer is often faced with a judicious choice of:- complexity in the conducting/radiating shape, substrate and radome parameters, cost as well as ever increasing environmental effects both in the construction but also in the disposal of the antenna as part of a recycling process. This paper will outline some of the hypotheses and processes that underpin our terminology of quasi synthetic media and will proceed to illustrate how one can obtain a variety of dielectric (and magnetic) effective contrasts from 3-D structures containing either dielectric or conducting micro particles. Some representative patch designs are considered to indicate how one could replace cumbersome conventional design and manufacturing processes by using nanotechnology and additive manufacturing.
{"title":"Antenna performance on quasi synthetic media","authors":"C. C. Njoku, W. Whittow, Y. Vardaxoglou","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178672","url":null,"abstract":"While we seem to be experiencing a material evolution by applying unique properties of metamaterials, such as negative constitutive parameters and to some extent cloaking phenomena, not much attention has been paid in the practical suitability of synthetic materials towards antenna designs. The antenna designer is often faced with a judicious choice of:- complexity in the conducting/radiating shape, substrate and radome parameters, cost as well as ever increasing environmental effects both in the construction but also in the disposal of the antenna as part of a recycling process. This paper will outline some of the hypotheses and processes that underpin our terminology of quasi synthetic media and will proceed to illustrate how one can obtain a variety of dielectric (and magnetic) effective contrasts from 3-D structures containing either dielectric or conducting micro particles. Some representative patch designs are considered to indicate how one could replace cumbersome conventional design and manufacturing processes by using nanotechnology and additive manufacturing.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82508314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-05DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178643
J. Ng, R. Ziolkowski
We have developed a variety of electrically small, low-profile, planar, near-field resonant parasitic (NFRP) antennas [1], [2], [3], [4]. These NFRP antennas have been generally designed on a ground plane with a low-profile footprint, but not conformal above a ground plane. Furthermore, being electrically small, their directivities and bandwidths are approximately equal to those of an infinitesimal dipole. Many wireless applications demand higher directivities and increased bandwidths with a conformal form factor. This contribution further develops these metamaterial-inspired NFRP antenna designs to incorporate electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structures to achieve higher directivities and bandwidths.
{"title":"Combining metamaterial-inspired electrically small antennas with electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structures to achieve higher directivities and bandwidths","authors":"J. Ng, R. Ziolkowski","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178643","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed a variety of electrically small, low-profile, planar, near-field resonant parasitic (NFRP) antennas [1], [2], [3], [4]. These NFRP antennas have been generally designed on a ground plane with a low-profile footprint, but not conformal above a ground plane. Furthermore, being electrically small, their directivities and bandwidths are approximately equal to those of an infinitesimal dipole. Many wireless applications demand higher directivities and increased bandwidths with a conformal form factor. This contribution further develops these metamaterial-inspired NFRP antenna designs to incorporate electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structures to achieve higher directivities and bandwidths.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90234009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-05DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178406
R. Tamas, T. Petrescu, G. Caruntu
Low-distortion antennas for pulsed excitation can be synthesized by using a technique based on a finite expansion of the antenna time-domain response. Current profiles can therefore be generated in order to achieve optimal response for a given waveform of excitation. However, the simplest radiating structures resulting from synthesis might neither provide acceptable input matching, nor omnidirectional radiation. This paper addresses these two issues and further proposes two antenna structures.
{"title":"On some implementation issues for time-domain, pulse-matched synthesized antennas","authors":"R. Tamas, T. Petrescu, G. Caruntu","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178406","url":null,"abstract":"Low-distortion antennas for pulsed excitation can be synthesized by using a technique based on a finite expansion of the antenna time-domain response. Current profiles can therefore be generated in order to achieve optimal response for a given waveform of excitation. However, the simplest radiating structures resulting from synthesis might neither provide acceptable input matching, nor omnidirectional radiation. This paper addresses these two issues and further proposes two antenna structures.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74521633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-05DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178636
Bingnan Wang, K. Teo
Recently, metamaterials have been developed for wireless power transfer applications. It has been shown that the near-field electromagnetic coupling between two resonant coils can be enhanced by a slab of metamaterial. With the assist of the metamaterial, the efficiency of wireless power transfer between the resonant coils can be greatly improved. In this paper, recent progress in this area will be presented: theoretical development of enhanced coil coupling with metamaterial will be briefly discussed; the design of metamaterial slabs for near-field wireless power transfer will be shown; recent experimental results on wireless power transfer efficiency improvement with metamaterial will also be presented.
{"title":"Metamaterials for wireless power transfer","authors":"Bingnan Wang, K. Teo","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178636","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, metamaterials have been developed for wireless power transfer applications. It has been shown that the near-field electromagnetic coupling between two resonant coils can be enhanced by a slab of metamaterial. With the assist of the metamaterial, the efficiency of wireless power transfer between the resonant coils can be greatly improved. In this paper, recent progress in this area will be presented: theoretical development of enhanced coil coupling with metamaterial will be briefly discussed; the design of metamaterial slabs for near-field wireless power transfer will be shown; recent experimental results on wireless power transfer efficiency improvement with metamaterial will also be presented.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75825275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-05DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178388
S. Palacios, A. Rida, Sangkil Kim, S. Nikolaou, Samuel Elia, M. Tentzeris
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have potential military, industrial, biomedical, environmental, and residential applications. However, implementing sensor networks and realizing their potential faces various challenges. Sensors nodes should be small in size, ultra-low-power, and WSNs should be comprised of large quantities of sensor nodes [1][2]. These challenges emphasize the need for low-cost and eco-friendly substrates suitable for mass production of wireless sensor nodes. Organic substrates is one of the leading solutions to realize ultra-low cost and eco-friendly sensor networks [3]. This paper presents the first IEEE 802.14.4 and ZigBee complaint wireless sensor node on organic substrates. The wireless node is a System-on-Package (SoP) solution operating at 2.4GHz with a printed Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) on organic substrates using inkjet printing technology. A prototype is realized on FR-4 substrate and used to compare traditional manufacturing techniques with an inkjet-printing solution on paper, which is promising in the large scale manufacturing of ultra-low-cost eco-friendly “green” wireless sensor networks.
{"title":"Towards a Smart Wireless Integrated Module (SWIM) on flexible organic substrates using inkjet printing technology for wireless sensor networks","authors":"S. Palacios, A. Rida, Sangkil Kim, S. Nikolaou, Samuel Elia, M. Tentzeris","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178388","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have potential military, industrial, biomedical, environmental, and residential applications. However, implementing sensor networks and realizing their potential faces various challenges. Sensors nodes should be small in size, ultra-low-power, and WSNs should be comprised of large quantities of sensor nodes [1][2]. These challenges emphasize the need for low-cost and eco-friendly substrates suitable for mass production of wireless sensor nodes. Organic substrates is one of the leading solutions to realize ultra-low cost and eco-friendly sensor networks [3]. This paper presents the first IEEE 802.14.4 and ZigBee complaint wireless sensor node on organic substrates. The wireless node is a System-on-Package (SoP) solution operating at 2.4GHz with a printed Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) on organic substrates using inkjet printing technology. A prototype is realized on FR-4 substrate and used to compare traditional manufacturing techniques with an inkjet-printing solution on paper, which is promising in the large scale manufacturing of ultra-low-cost eco-friendly “green” wireless sensor networks.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77474608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-05DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178391
C. Bauer-Reich, L. Berge, M. Reich
Radio-frequency identification (RFID) systems are used in asset tracking, but general-purpose tags typically do not perform well on or near metal. Therefore, custom solutions for on metal applications are common. Many solutions for on-metal tags use spacers or electromagnetic band-gap structures resulting in designs that are extremely thick. Our approach was to incorporate materials with permeabilities greater than 1 to create an impedance across a metal surface, diverting current into the tag IC. This type of tag is nearly antennaless as it uses the ground plane or container to excite currents through the IC. Our research has shown that these tags are sensitive to several parameters, such as the size and shape of the plane upon which they are placed, the material used in the antenna, and the type of matching network being used. Tags using magnetic materials in this manner are significantly thinner than those developed using other methods.
{"title":"Low-profile, high-permeability antennaless RFID tags for use on metal objects","authors":"C. Bauer-Reich, L. Berge, M. Reich","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178391","url":null,"abstract":"Radio-frequency identification (RFID) systems are used in asset tracking, but general-purpose tags typically do not perform well on or near metal. Therefore, custom solutions for on metal applications are common. Many solutions for on-metal tags use spacers or electromagnetic band-gap structures resulting in designs that are extremely thick. Our approach was to incorporate materials with permeabilities greater than 1 to create an impedance across a metal surface, diverting current into the tag IC. This type of tag is nearly antennaless as it uses the ground plane or container to excite currents through the IC. Our research has shown that these tags are sensitive to several parameters, such as the size and shape of the plane upon which they are placed, the material used in the antenna, and the type of matching network being used. Tags using magnetic materials in this manner are significantly thinner than those developed using other methods.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87742746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-05DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178413
J. Tyo, M. Armanious, J. Ng, R. Ziolkowski, M. Skipper, M. Abdalla
High power microwave (HPM) systems often suffer from being large in volume and mass. Specifically the antennas for HPM systems tend to be very large, as the field levels must be kept below what is required for holdoff in air. The general utility of HPM systems could is enhanced when they are made low profile, increasing the number of platforms and applications for which they can be considered. In this paper we present our modeling and experimental work on electrically small antennas for HPM (or more appropriately HPEM, since we are working below the microwave band). We consider two concepts: a modified biconical helix antenna for use at frequencies below 50 MHz and an adapted magnetic EZ antenna for use in the UHF (500 MHz). In both cases, demonstrated performance at small sizes between ka = 0.4 and 0.5 is realized.
{"title":"Compact antenna concepts for mesoband HPM applications","authors":"J. Tyo, M. Armanious, J. Ng, R. Ziolkowski, M. Skipper, M. Abdalla","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178413","url":null,"abstract":"High power microwave (HPM) systems often suffer from being large in volume and mass. Specifically the antennas for HPM systems tend to be very large, as the field levels must be kept below what is required for holdoff in air. The general utility of HPM systems could is enhanced when they are made low profile, increasing the number of platforms and applications for which they can be considered. In this paper we present our modeling and experimental work on electrically small antennas for HPM (or more appropriately HPEM, since we are working below the microwave band). We consider two concepts: a modified biconical helix antenna for use at frequencies below 50 MHz and an adapted magnetic EZ antenna for use in the UHF (500 MHz). In both cases, demonstrated performance at small sizes between ka = 0.4 and 0.5 is realized.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88040439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, an indoor repeater antenna is proposed. The necessary impedance bandwidth is obtained by utilizing the coupling between the main and parasitic patches. The isolation characteristic of proposed indoor repeater antenna between the transmitting and receiving antennas is improved by using a metamaterial absorber. The proposed indoor repeater antenna has a VSWR less than 1.5, a gain higher than 9 dBi, and an isolation between the transmitting and receiving antennas greater than 80 dB over the WCDMA band from 1.92 GHz to 2.17 GHz.
{"title":"Design of an indoor repeater antenna with the improved isolation using metamaterial absorber","authors":"Youngki Lee, Deukhyeon Ga, Taeho Song, Jaehoon Choi","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178666","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an indoor repeater antenna is proposed. The necessary impedance bandwidth is obtained by utilizing the coupling between the main and parasitic patches. The isolation characteristic of proposed indoor repeater antenna between the transmitting and receiving antennas is improved by using a metamaterial absorber. The proposed indoor repeater antenna has a VSWR less than 1.5, a gain higher than 9 dBi, and an isolation between the transmitting and receiving antennas greater than 80 dB over the WCDMA band from 1.92 GHz to 2.17 GHz.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89071033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-05DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178458
G. Hayes, A. Qusba, M. Dickey, G. Lazzi
Recent advancements in the development of novel liquid metal antenna structures offer unique advantages for implantable and on-body communication systems. With fluidic radiating elements encapsulated in a polymer substrate, these antennas offer improved stretchability, tunability, and flexibility over conventional, solid antennas. These antenna structures can stretch and flex without fatiguing or breaking.
{"title":"Liquid metal antennas for implantable and on-body systems","authors":"G. Hayes, A. Qusba, M. Dickey, G. Lazzi","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178458","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advancements in the development of novel liquid metal antenna structures offer unique advantages for implantable and on-body communication systems. With fluidic radiating elements encapsulated in a polymer substrate, these antennas offer improved stretchability, tunability, and flexibility over conventional, solid antennas. These antenna structures can stretch and flex without fatiguing or breaking.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91521129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-05DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178669
D. Sievenpiper, M. Jacob, Jiang Long
If we are limited to rearranging passive materials such as dielectrics and metals, then the performance of antennas, artificial materials, and other electromagnetic structures that we build will always be determined by the same fundamental limitations that affect today's designs. By including active circuits, it is possible to exceed the limitations of passive structures and to build materials and devices that are not otherwise possible. One example is a thin, broadband leaky wave antenna that is free of beam squint. This structure can also be used as a broadband, electrically thin cloaking structure. Another example is a broadband parasitic array that does not suffer from bandwidth limitations caused by the delay between the elements. We have demonstrated several new concepts based on active electromagnetic structures, and have successfully implemented the non-Foster circuits that are necessary to realize them.
{"title":"Active electromagnetic structures, metamaterials, and antennas","authors":"D. Sievenpiper, M. Jacob, Jiang Long","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2012.6178669","url":null,"abstract":"If we are limited to rearranging passive materials such as dielectrics and metals, then the performance of antennas, artificial materials, and other electromagnetic structures that we build will always be determined by the same fundamental limitations that affect today's designs. By including active circuits, it is possible to exceed the limitations of passive structures and to build materials and devices that are not otherwise possible. One example is a thin, broadband leaky wave antenna that is free of beam squint. This structure can also be used as a broadband, electrically thin cloaking structure. Another example is a broadband parasitic array that does not suffer from bandwidth limitations caused by the delay between the elements. We have demonstrated several new concepts based on active electromagnetic structures, and have successfully implemented the non-Foster circuits that are necessary to realize them.","PeriodicalId":6341,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91053320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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