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Association between all-cause mortality and vascular complications in U.S. adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (NHANES 1999–2018) 美国成人新诊断 2 型糖尿病患者的全因死亡率与血管并发症之间的关系(NHANES 1999-2018 年数据)
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2024-08-03 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02342-w
Tian-Yu Zhang, Xue-Ning Wang, Hong-Yu Kuang, Zi-Meng Zhang, Cheng-Ye Xu, Kang-Qi Zhao, Wu-Ying Ha-Si, Cong Zhang, Ming Hao

Aims

The impact of macrovascular and microvascular complications, the common vascular complications of type 2 diabetes, on long-term mortality has been well evaluated, but the impact of different complications of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (diagnosed within the past 2 years) on long-term mortality has not been reported. We aimed to investigate the relationship between all-cause mortality and vascular complications in U.S. adults (aged ≥ 20 years) with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

Methods

We used data from the 1999–2018 National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys (NHANES). Cox proportional hazard models was used to assess hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals for all-cause mortality.

Results

A total of 928 participants were enrolled in this study. At a mean follow-up of 10.8 years, 181 individuals died. In the fully adjusted model, the hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) of all-cause mortality for individuals with any single complication compared with those with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes without complications was 2.24 (1.37, 3.69), and for individuals with two or more complications was 5.34 (3.01, 9.46).Co-existing Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) at baseline were associated with the highest risk of death (HR 6.07[2.92–12.62]), followed by CKD and cardiovascular disease (CVD) (HR 4.98[2.79–8.89]) and CVD and DR (HR 4.58 [1.98–10.57]).

Conclusion

The presence of single and combined diabetes complications exerts a long-term synergistic adverse impact on overall mortality in newly diagnosed U.S. adults with type 2 diabetes, underscoring the importance of comprehensive complication screening to enhance risk stratification and treatment.

目的 2型糖尿病常见的血管并发症--大血管并发症和微血管并发症对长期死亡率的影响已得到充分评估,但新诊断的2型糖尿病(过去2年内诊断)的不同并发症对长期死亡率的影响尚未见报道。我们的目的是调查新诊断为 2 型糖尿病的美国成年人(年龄≥ 20 岁)的全因死亡率与血管并发症之间的关系。采用 Cox 比例危险模型评估全因死亡率的危险比(HR)和 95% 置信区间。在平均 10.8 年的随访中,有 181 人死亡。在完全调整模型中,与无并发症的新诊断 2 型糖尿病患者相比,患有任何一种并发症的患者的全因死亡率危险比 (HR) 为 2.24 (1.37, 3.69),患有两种或两种以上并发症的患者的全因死亡率危险比为 5.34 (3.01, 9.46)。结论糖尿病单一并发症和合并并发症对新诊断的美国成人 2 型糖尿病患者的总死亡率具有长期协同的不利影响,强调了全面并发症筛查对加强风险分层和治疗的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Continuous glycemic monitoring in managing diabetes in adult patients with wolfram syndrome 连续血糖监测在管理沃尔夫拉姆综合征成年患者糖尿病中的应用
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2024-08-03 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02350-w
Agnieszka Zmysłowska, Julia Grzybowska-Adamowicz, Arkadiusz Michalak, Julia Wykrota, Agnieszka Szadkowska, Wojciech Młynarski, Wojciech Fendler

Aims

In this study we evaluated the use of Continuous Glucose Monitoring system in adults with insulin-dependent diabetes in the course of Wolfram syndrome (WFS) in comparison to patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods

Individuals with WFS (N = 10) used continuous glucose monitoring for 14 days and were compared with 30 patients with T1D matched using propensity score for age and diabetes duration. Glycemic variability was calculated with Glyculator 3.0.

Results

We revealed significant differences in glycemic indices between adults with Wolfram syndrome-related diabetes and matched comparison group. Patients with Wolfram syndrome presented lower mean glucose in 24-h and nighttime records [24h: 141.1 ± 30.4mg/dl (N = 10) vs 164.9 ± 31.3mg/dl (N = 30), p = 0.0427; nighttime: 136.7 ± 39.6mg/dl vs 166.2 ± 32.1mg/dl (N = 30), p = 0.0442]. Moreover, they showed lower standard deviation of sensor glucose over all periods [24h: 50.3 ± 9.2mg/dl (N = 10) vs 67.7 ± 18.7 mg/dl (N = 30), p = 0.0075; daytime: 50.8 ± 8.7mg/dl (N = 10) vs 67.4 ± 18.0mg/dl (N = 30), p = 0.0082; nighttime: 45.1 ± 14.9mg/dl (N = 10) vs 65.8 ± 23.2mg/dl (n = 30), p = 0.0119] and coefficient of variation at night [33.3 ± 5.8% (N = 10) vs 40.5 ± 8.8% (N = 30), p = 0.0210]. Additionally, WFS patients displayed lower time in high-range hyperglycemia (> 250mg/dl) across all parts of day [24h: 4.6 ± 3.8% (N = 10) vs 13.4 ± 10.5% (N = 30), p = 0.0004; daytime: 4.7 ± 3.9% (N = 10) vs 13.8 ± 11.2% (N = 30), p = 0.0005; nighttime: 4.2 ± 5.5% (N = 10) vs 12.1 ± 10.3% (N = 30), p = 0.0272].

Conclusions

Adult patients with Wolfram syndrome show lower mean blood glucose, less extreme hyperglycemia, and lower glycemic variability in comparison to patients with type 1 diabetes.

目的 在这项研究中,我们评估了胰岛素依赖型糖尿病成人患者在沃尔夫拉姆综合征(WFS)病程中使用连续葡萄糖监测系统的情况,并与 1 型糖尿病(T1D)患者进行了比较。方法 WFS 患者(10 人)使用连续葡萄糖监测系统 14 天,并与 30 名根据年龄和糖尿病病程进行倾向评分的 T1D 患者进行比较。结果我们发现沃尔夫拉姆综合征相关成人糖尿病患者与匹配的对比组之间的血糖指数存在显著差异。沃尔夫拉姆综合征患者 24 小时和夜间记录的平均血糖较低[24 小时:141.1 ± 30.4]:141.1 ± 30.4mg/dl (N = 10) vs 164.9 ± 31.3mg/dl (N = 30),p = 0.0427;夜间:136.7 ± 39.6mg/dl vs 166.2 ± 32.1mg/dl (N = 30),p = 0.0442]。此外,他们在所有时段的传感器血糖标准偏差都较低[24 小时:50.3 ± 9.2mg/dl vs 166.2 ± 32.1mg/dl(N = 30)]:50.3 ± 9.2mg/dl (N = 10) vs 67.7 ± 18.7mg/dl (N = 30),p = 0.0075;白天:50.8 ± 8.7mg/dl (N = 10) vs 67.4 ± 18.0mg/dl (N = 30),p = 0.0082;夜间:45.1 ± 14.9mg/dl (N = 30),p = 0.0442]:45.1 ± 14.9mg/dl (N = 10) vs 65.8 ± 23.2mg/dl (N = 30),p = 0.0119]和夜间变异系数[33.3 ± 5.8% (N = 10) vs 40.5 ± 8.8% (N = 30),p = 0.0210]。此外,WFS 患者全天处于高血糖状态(> 250mg/dl)的时间较短[24 小时:4.6 ± 3.8% (N = 10) vs 40.5 ± 8.8% (N = 30)]:4.6 ± 3.8% (N = 10) vs 13.4 ± 10.5% (N = 30),p = 0.0004;日间:4.7 ± 3.9% (N = 10) vs 13.4 ± 10.5% (N = 30),p = 0.0210]:4.7±3.9%(10 人)vs 13.8±11.2%(30 人),p = 0.0005;夜间:4.2±5.5%(10 人)vs 13.8±11.2%(30 人),p = 0.0005:结论与 1 型糖尿病患者相比,Wolfram 综合征成人患者的平均血糖较低,极度高血糖现象较少,血糖变异性较低。
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引用次数: 0
Association of frailty index with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality with different diabetic status: NHANES 1999–2018 不同糖尿病状态下虚弱指数与全因死亡率和心血管死亡率的关系1999-2018年全国健康调查
IF 3.8 3区 医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2024-08-03 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02348-4
Yu-Jun Xiong, Xiang-Da Meng, Hua-Zhao Xu, Xing-Yun Zhu

Aims

The relationship between frailty and mortality among individuals with varying diabetic statuses represents a burgeoning area of concern and scholarly interest within the medical community. However, there are limited studies that explore the relationship between frailty and mortality, as well as cause-specific mortality among individuals with non-diabetes, prediabetes, and diabetes patients. Hence, this study aims to investigate the relationship between the frailty statues and all-cause mortality, as well as cause-specific mortality in individuals with varying diabetic statuses using the data in the NHANES database.

Methods

The study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2018, incorporating a final sample size of 57, 098 participants. Both univariable and multivariable-adjusted logistic regression analyses, as well as Cox regression analysis were employed to examine the relationship between frailty index (FI) and mortality.

Results

This study, found a significant positive correlation between the frailty and the increased risk of all-cause mortality non-diabetic [OR 4.277, 95%CI (3.982, 4.594), P < 0.001], prediabetic [OR 2.312, 95%CI (2.133, 2.506), P < 0.001], and diabetic patients [OR 3.947, 95%CI (3.378, 4.611), P < 0.001]. This correlation still existed even after adjusting for confounding factors including age, sex, BMI, poverty, fasting insulin, education, smoke, alcohol drink, waist, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, fasting glucose, HbA1c, eGFR, creatinine and total bilirubin. Our result also suggested a significant positive correlation between the frailty index and the increased risk of CVD mortality among non-diabetic [OR 3.095, 95%CI (2.858, 3.352), P < 0.001] and prediabetic [OR 5.985, 95%CI (5.188, 6.904), P < 0.001] individuals. However, in patients with diabetes, the correlation between frailty and CVD mortality lost significance after adjusting for possible confounding factors [OR 1.139, 95%CI (0.794, 1.634), P > 0.05].

Conclusion

A nonlinear relationship has been identified between the FI and all-cause mortality, as well as CVD mortality in non-diabetic and pre-diabetic population. In diabetic patients, there was a significant positive correlation between the frailty and the increased risk of all-cause mortality, but not with CVD mortality. Renal function and liver function might potentially acted as an intermediary factor that elevated the risk of CVD mortality in frail patients with diabetes.

目的体弱与不同糖尿病患者的死亡率之间的关系是医学界关注和学术界感兴趣的一个新兴领域。然而,探讨非糖尿病患者、糖尿病前期患者和糖尿病患者体弱与死亡率之间的关系以及特定病因死亡率的研究十分有限。因此,本研究旨在利用美国国家健康与营养调查(NHANES)数据库中的数据,调查不同糖尿病患者的虚弱状态与全因死亡率以及特定病因死亡率之间的关系。采用单变量和多变量调整逻辑回归分析以及 Cox 回归分析来研究虚弱指数(FI)与死亡率之间的关系。结果这项研究发现,体弱与非糖尿病患者[OR 4.277,95%CI (3.982,4.594),P < 0.001]、糖尿病前期患者[OR 2.312,95%CI (2.133,2.506),P < 0.001]和糖尿病患者[OR 3.947,95%CI (3.378,4.611),P < 0.001]的全因死亡风险增加之间存在明显的正相关。即使调整了年龄、性别、体重指数、贫困、空腹胰岛素、教育程度、吸烟、饮酒、腰围、高血压、高脂血症、空腹血糖、HbA1c、eGFR、肌酐和总胆红素等混杂因素,这种相关性仍然存在。我们的研究结果还表明,在非糖尿病患者[OR 3.095,95%CI (2.858,3.352),P < 0.001]和糖尿病前期患者[OR 5.985,95%CI (5.188,6.904),P < 0.001]中,虚弱指数与心血管疾病死亡风险的增加呈显著正相关。结论 在非糖尿病和糖尿病前期人群中,FI 与全因死亡率以及心血管疾病死亡率之间存在非线性关系。在糖尿病患者中,虚弱程度与全因死亡风险的增加呈显著正相关,但与心血管疾病死亡率无关。肾功能和肝功能可能是增加体弱糖尿病患者心血管疾病死亡风险的中间因素。
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引用次数: 0
Elucidating the role of genetically determined metabolites in Diabetic Retinopathy: insights from a mendelian randomization analysis. 阐明由基因决定的代谢物在糖尿病视网膜病变中的作用:孟德尔随机分析的启示。
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02345-7
Yao Tan, Zuyun Yan, Jiayang Yin, Jiamin Cao, Bingyu Xie, Feng Zhang, Wenhua Zhang, Wei Xiong

Aims: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) results from complex genetic and metabolic interactions. Unraveling the links between blood metabolites and DR can advance risk prediction and therapy.

Methods: Leveraging Mendelian Randomization (MR) and Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression (LDSC), we analyzed 10,413 DR cases and 308,633 controls. Data was sourced from the Metabolomics GWAS server and the FinnGen project.

Results: Our research conducted a comprehensive MR analysis across 486 serum metabolites to investigate their causal role in DR. After stringent selection and validation of instrumental variables, we focused on 480 metabolites for analysis. Our findings revealed 38 metabolites potentially causally associated with DR. Specifically, 4-androsten-3beta,17beta-diol disulfate 2 was identified as significantly associated with a reduced risk of DR (OR = 0.471, 95% CI = 0.324-0.684, p = 7.87 × 10- 5), even after rigorous adjustments for multiple testing. Sensitivity analyses further validated the robustness of this association, and linkage disequilibrium score regression analyses showed no significant genetic correlation between this metabolite and DR, suggesting a specific protective effect against DR.

Conclusions: Our study identifies 4-androsten-3beta,17beta-diol disulfate 2, a metabolite of androgens, as a significant protective factor against diabetic retinopathy, suggesting androgens as potential therapeutic targets.

目的:糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)是复杂的遗传和代谢相互作用的结果。揭示血液代谢物与糖尿病视网膜病变之间的联系可以促进风险预测和治疗:利用孟德尔随机化(Mendelian Randomization,MR)和连锁不平衡评分回归(Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression,LDSC),我们分析了 10,413 例 DR 病例和 308,633 例对照。数据来源于代谢组学 GWAS 服务器和 FinnGen 项目:我们的研究对 486 种血清代谢物进行了全面的 MR 分析,以研究它们在 DR 中的因果作用。经过对工具变量的严格筛选和验证,我们重点分析了 480 种代谢物。我们的研究结果显示,38种代谢物可能与DR存在因果关系。特别是 4-雄烯-3beta,17beta-二醇二硫酸盐 2 被确定与降低 DR 风险显著相关(OR = 0.471,95% CI = 0.324-0.684,p = 7.87 × 10-5),即使经过严格的多重测试调整也是如此。敏感性分析进一步验证了这种关联的稳健性,连锁不平衡得分回归分析表明,这种代谢物与DR之间没有显著的遗传相关性,这表明对DR有特殊的保护作用:我们的研究发现雄激素的代谢产物 4-雄烯-3beta,17beta-二醇二硫酸盐 2 是糖尿病视网膜病变的重要保护因素,这表明雄激素是潜在的治疗靶点。
{"title":"Elucidating the role of genetically determined metabolites in Diabetic Retinopathy: insights from a mendelian randomization analysis.","authors":"Yao Tan, Zuyun Yan, Jiayang Yin, Jiamin Cao, Bingyu Xie, Feng Zhang, Wenhua Zhang, Wei Xiong","doi":"10.1007/s00592-024-02345-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-024-02345-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) results from complex genetic and metabolic interactions. Unraveling the links between blood metabolites and DR can advance risk prediction and therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Leveraging Mendelian Randomization (MR) and Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression (LDSC), we analyzed 10,413 DR cases and 308,633 controls. Data was sourced from the Metabolomics GWAS server and the FinnGen project.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our research conducted a comprehensive MR analysis across 486 serum metabolites to investigate their causal role in DR. After stringent selection and validation of instrumental variables, we focused on 480 metabolites for analysis. Our findings revealed 38 metabolites potentially causally associated with DR. Specifically, 4-androsten-3beta,17beta-diol disulfate 2 was identified as significantly associated with a reduced risk of DR (OR = 0.471, 95% CI = 0.324-0.684, p = 7.87 × 10<sup>- 5</sup>), even after rigorous adjustments for multiple testing. Sensitivity analyses further validated the robustness of this association, and linkage disequilibrium score regression analyses showed no significant genetic correlation between this metabolite and DR, suggesting a specific protective effect against DR.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study identifies 4-androsten-3beta,17beta-diol disulfate 2, a metabolite of androgens, as a significant protective factor against diabetic retinopathy, suggesting androgens as potential therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":6921,"journal":{"name":"Acta Diabetologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141873895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Knockout of M-LP/Mpv17L, a newly identified atypical PDE, alleviates diabetic conditions in mice 敲除 M-LP/Mpv17L(一种新发现的非典型 PDE)可减轻小鼠的糖尿病症状。
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02337-7
Reiko Iida, Misuzu Ueki, Toshihiro Yasuda
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引用次数: 0
Correction to: Personal, external, and psychological factors influencing adherence to nutrition and diet in patients undergoing metabolic/bariatric surgery: a systematic synthesis of mixed methods research. 更正:影响代谢/减肥手术患者坚持营养和饮食的个人、外部和心理因素:混合方法研究的系统综述。
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02326-w
Yaxin Bi, Lijun He, Fang Yan, Yi Liu, Yu Zhang, Ronghua Gong
{"title":"Correction to: Personal, external, and psychological factors influencing adherence to nutrition and diet in patients undergoing metabolic/bariatric surgery: a systematic synthesis of mixed methods research.","authors":"Yaxin Bi, Lijun He, Fang Yan, Yi Liu, Yu Zhang, Ronghua Gong","doi":"10.1007/s00592-024-02326-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00592-024-02326-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":6921,"journal":{"name":"Acta Diabetologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141791627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Improved diabetic retinopathy severity classification using squeeze-and-excitation and sparse light weight multi-level attention u-net with transfer learning from xception. 利用挤压-激发和稀疏轻权多层次注意力 U 网以及 xception 的迁移学习改进糖尿病视网膜病变严重程度分类。
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02341-x
Sachin Bhandari, Sunil Pathak, Sonal Amit Jain, Basant Agarwal

Aims: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a significant cause of vision loss in diabetic patients, making early detection and accurate severity classification essential for effective management and prevention. This study aims to develop an enhanced DR severity classification approach using advanced model architectures and transfer learning to improve diagnostic accuracy and support better patient care.

Methods: We propose a novel model, Xception Squeeze-and-Excitation Sparse Lightweight Multi-Level Attention U-Net (XceSE_SparseLwMLA-UNet), designed to classify DR severity using fundus images from the Messidor 1 and Messidor 2 datasets. The XceSE_SparseLwMLA-UNet integrates several advanced mechanisms: the Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) mechanism for adaptive feature recalibration, the Sparse Lightweight Multi-Level Attention (SparseLwMLA) mechanism for effective contextual information integration, and transfer learning from the Xception architecture to enhance feature extraction capabilities. The SE mechanism refines channel-wise feature responses, while SparseLwMLA enhances the model's ability to identify complex DR patterns. Transfer learning utilizes pre-trained weights from Xception to improve generalization across DR severity levels.

Results: The proposed XceSE_SparseLwMLA-UNet model demonstrates superior performance in DR severity classification, achieving higher accuracy and improved multi-class F1 scores compared to existing models. The model's color-coded segmentation outputs offer interpretable visual representations, aiding medical professionals in assessing DR severity levels.

Conclusions: The XceSE_SparseLwMLA-UNet model shows promise for advancing early DR diagnosis and management by enhancing classification accuracy and providing valuable visual insights. Its integration of advanced architectural features and transfer learning contributes to better patient care and improved visual health outcomes.

目的:糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)是导致糖尿病患者视力丧失的重要原因,因此早期检测和准确的严重程度分类对于有效管理和预防至关重要。本研究旨在利用先进的模型架构和迁移学习,开发一种增强型糖尿病严重程度分类方法,以提高诊断准确性并支持更好的患者护理:我们提出了一种新型模型--Xception Squeeze-and-Excitation Sparse Lightweight Multi-Level Attention U-Net (XceSE_SparseLwMLA-UNet),旨在使用 Messidor 1 和 Messidor 2 数据集的眼底图像对 DR 严重程度进行分类。XceSE_SparseLwMLA-UNet 集成了几种先进的机制:用于自适应特征重新校准的挤压激励(SE)机制、用于有效整合上下文信息的稀疏轻量级多层次注意(SparseLwMLA)机制,以及用于增强特征提取能力的 Xception 架构迁移学习。SE 机制完善了信道特征响应,而 SparseLwMLA 则增强了模型识别复杂 DR 模式的能力。迁移学习利用来自 Xception 的预训练权重来提高 DR 严重程度的泛化能力:结果:与现有模型相比,所提出的 XceSE_SparseLwMLA-UNet 模型在 DR 严重程度分类方面表现出色,获得了更高的准确率和更好的多类 F1 分数。该模型的彩色编码分割输出提供了可解释的可视化表示,有助于医疗专业人员评估 DR 的严重程度:结论:XceSE_SparseLwMLA-UNet 模型通过提高分类准确性和提供有价值的可视化见解,有望推动早期 DR 诊断和管理。它整合了先进的架构功能和迁移学习,有助于改善患者护理和视觉健康结果。
{"title":"Improved diabetic retinopathy severity classification using squeeze-and-excitation and sparse light weight multi-level attention u-net with transfer learning from xception.","authors":"Sachin Bhandari, Sunil Pathak, Sonal Amit Jain, Basant Agarwal","doi":"10.1007/s00592-024-02341-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-024-02341-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a significant cause of vision loss in diabetic patients, making early detection and accurate severity classification essential for effective management and prevention. This study aims to develop an enhanced DR severity classification approach using advanced model architectures and transfer learning to improve diagnostic accuracy and support better patient care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We propose a novel model, Xception Squeeze-and-Excitation Sparse Lightweight Multi-Level Attention U-Net (XceSE_SparseLwMLA-UNet), designed to classify DR severity using fundus images from the Messidor 1 and Messidor 2 datasets. The XceSE_SparseLwMLA-UNet integrates several advanced mechanisms: the Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) mechanism for adaptive feature recalibration, the Sparse Lightweight Multi-Level Attention (SparseLwMLA) mechanism for effective contextual information integration, and transfer learning from the Xception architecture to enhance feature extraction capabilities. The SE mechanism refines channel-wise feature responses, while SparseLwMLA enhances the model's ability to identify complex DR patterns. Transfer learning utilizes pre-trained weights from Xception to improve generalization across DR severity levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proposed XceSE_SparseLwMLA-UNet model demonstrates superior performance in DR severity classification, achieving higher accuracy and improved multi-class F1 scores compared to existing models. The model's color-coded segmentation outputs offer interpretable visual representations, aiding medical professionals in assessing DR severity levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The XceSE_SparseLwMLA-UNet model shows promise for advancing early DR diagnosis and management by enhancing classification accuracy and providing valuable visual insights. Its integration of advanced architectural features and transfer learning contributes to better patient care and improved visual health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":6921,"journal":{"name":"Acta Diabetologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141764805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Salivary fructosamine in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals with healthy and diseased periodontium and its changes after non-surgical periodontal therapy. 健康牙周和病变牙周的糖尿病患者和非糖尿病患者的唾液果糖胺及其在非手术牙周治疗后的变化。
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2024-07-20 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02334-w
R Ambili, Vijayakumar Aathira, Ann Reju Ashni, K V Baiju

Aims: A bidirectional relationship has been reported between diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. The present study aimed to estimate salivary fructosamine in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals with healthy and diseased periodontium and to measure its changes after non-surgical periodontal therapy. Another aim was to identify the cut-off value of salivary fructosamine to diagnose diabetes mellitus and to correlate it with glycated hemoglobin.

Methods: Salivary fructosamine and HbA1c were assessed in periodontally healthy individuals and periodontitis patients (n = 60 in each group). Both groups comprised of equal number of patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Salivary fructosamine estimation was repeated 4 weeks after non-surgical periodontal therapy in periodontitis patients.

Results: HbA1c and Salivary fructosamine were significantly higher in the periodontally diseased compared to the healthy group. Significantly higher values of these biomarkers were noticed in diabetic patients with periodontitis compared to the non-diabetic group. Periodontal therapy significantly reduced salivary fructosamine in both diabetic and nondiabetic periodontitis patients. A significant positive high correlation was noticed between salivary fructosamine and HbA1c (r = 0.76). The cut-off value of salivary fructosamine was found to be 68 µg/mL with 95% sensitivity, 81.67% specificity, 83.82% positive predictive value, and 94.23% negative predictive value.

Conclusion: Periodontitis can contribute to glycemic control and periodontal therapy can bring about improvement in glycemic status. Salivary fructosamine could be used as an alternate glycemic biomarker and its advantages over HbA1c include simple and non-invasive collection of saliva and it can provide intermediate glycemic status.

Clinical trial registry of india: 2020/11/038496.

目的:据报道,糖尿病与牙周炎之间存在双向关系。本研究旨在估算牙周健康和患病的糖尿病患者和非糖尿病患者的唾液果糖胺,并测量非手术牙周治疗后唾液果糖胺的变化。另一个目的是确定诊断糖尿病的唾液果糖胺临界值,并将其与糖化血红蛋白相关联:方法: 对牙周健康者和牙周炎患者(每组 60 人)的唾液果糖胺和 HbA1c 进行评估。两组中患有和未患有糖尿病的患者人数相同。牙周炎患者在接受非手术牙周治疗 4 周后,再次进行唾液果糖胺评估:结果:牙周病患者的 HbA1c 和唾液果糖胺明显高于健康组。与非糖尿病组相比,牙周炎糖尿病患者的这些生物标志物值明显更高。牙周治疗可明显降低糖尿病和非糖尿病牙周炎患者的唾液果糖胺。唾液果糖胺与 HbA1c 之间存在明显的正相关(r = 0.76)。唾液果糖胺的临界值为 68 微克/毫升,灵敏度为 95%,特异性为 81.67%,阳性预测值为 83.82%,阴性预测值为 94.23%:牙周炎会影响血糖控制,牙周治疗可改善血糖状况。与 HbA1c 相比,唾液果糖胺的优势在于唾液采集简单、无创,并能提供中间血糖状态。
{"title":"Salivary fructosamine in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals with healthy and diseased periodontium and its changes after non-surgical periodontal therapy.","authors":"R Ambili, Vijayakumar Aathira, Ann Reju Ashni, K V Baiju","doi":"10.1007/s00592-024-02334-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00592-024-02334-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>A bidirectional relationship has been reported between diabetes mellitus and periodontitis. The present study aimed to estimate salivary fructosamine in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals with healthy and diseased periodontium and to measure its changes after non-surgical periodontal therapy. Another aim was to identify the cut-off value of salivary fructosamine to diagnose diabetes mellitus and to correlate it with glycated hemoglobin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Salivary fructosamine and HbA1c were assessed in periodontally healthy individuals and periodontitis patients (n = 60 in each group). Both groups comprised of equal number of patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Salivary fructosamine estimation was repeated 4 weeks after non-surgical periodontal therapy in periodontitis patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HbA1c and Salivary fructosamine were significantly higher in the periodontally diseased compared to the healthy group. Significantly higher values of these biomarkers were noticed in diabetic patients with periodontitis compared to the non-diabetic group. Periodontal therapy significantly reduced salivary fructosamine in both diabetic and nondiabetic periodontitis patients. A significant positive high correlation was noticed between salivary fructosamine and HbA1c (r = 0.76). The cut-off value of salivary fructosamine was found to be 68 µg/mL with 95% sensitivity, 81.67% specificity, 83.82% positive predictive value, and 94.23% negative predictive value.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Periodontitis can contribute to glycemic control and periodontal therapy can bring about improvement in glycemic status. Salivary fructosamine could be used as an alternate glycemic biomarker and its advantages over HbA1c include simple and non-invasive collection of saliva and it can provide intermediate glycemic status.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registry of india: </strong>2020/11/038496.</p>","PeriodicalId":6921,"journal":{"name":"Acta Diabetologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141726690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hepatokines: unveiling the molecular and cellular mechanisms connecting hepatic tissue to insulin resistance and inflammation 肝脏因子:揭示肝脏组织与胰岛素抵抗和炎症之间的分子和细胞机制。
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2024-07-20 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02335-9
Xiaolei Miao, Arian Alidadipour, Vian Saed, Firooze Sayyadi, Yasaman Jadidi, Maryam Davoudi, Fatemeh Amraee, Nastaran Jadidi, Reza Afrisham

Insulin resistance arising from Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) stands as a prevalent global ailment, a manifestation within societies stemming from individuals’ suboptimal dietary habits and lifestyles. This form of insulin resistance emerges as a pivotal factor in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Emerging evidence underscores the significant role of hepatokines, as hepatic-secreted hormone-like entities, in the genesis of insulin resistance and eventual onset of type 2 diabetes. Hepatokines exert influence over extrahepatic metabolism regulation. Their principal functions encompass impacting adipocytes, pancreatic cells, muscles, and the brain, thereby playing a crucial role in shaping body metabolism through signaling to target tissues. This review explores the most important hepatokines, each with distinct influences. Our review shows that Fetuin-A promotes lipid-induced insulin resistance by acting as an endogenous ligand for Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4). FGF21 reduces inflammation in diabetes by blocking the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in adipocytes and adipose tissue, while also improving glucose metabolism. ANGPTL6 enhances AMPK and insulin signaling in muscle, and suppresses gluconeogenesis. Follistatin can influence insulin resistance and inflammation by interacting with members of the TGF-β family. Adropin show a positive correlation with phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PCK1), a key regulator of gluconeogenesis. This article delves into hepatokines’ impact on NAFLD, inflammation, and T2DM, with a specific focus on insulin resistance. The aim is to comprehend the influence of these recently identified hormones on disease development and their underlying physiological and pathological mechanisms.

非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)引起的胰岛素抵抗是全球普遍存在的一种疾病,是个人饮食习惯和生活方式欠佳在社会中的一种表现。这种形式的胰岛素抵抗是导致 2 型糖尿病(T2DM)的关键因素。新的证据表明,肝脏分泌的激素类物质--肝动因在胰岛素抵抗的形成和 2 型糖尿病的最终发病中发挥着重要作用。肝脏因子对肝外代谢调节产生影响。它们的主要功能包括影响脂肪细胞、胰腺细胞、肌肉和大脑,从而通过向靶组织发出信号,在影响人体新陈代谢方面发挥关键作用。本综述探讨了最重要的肝脏激素,每种激素都有不同的影响。我们的综述显示,Fetuin-A 通过作为 Toll 样受体 4 (TLR-4) 的内源性配体,促进脂质诱导的胰岛素抵抗。FGF21 通过阻断脂肪细胞和脂肪组织中核因子-κB(NF-κB)的核转位来减轻糖尿病患者的炎症反应,同时还能改善葡萄糖代谢。ANGPTL6 可增强肌肉中的 AMPK 和胰岛素信号转导,抑制葡萄糖生成。Follistatin 可通过与 TGF-β 家族成员相互作用来影响胰岛素抵抗和炎症反应。阿托品与磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧激酶 1(PCK1)呈正相关,PCK1 是葡萄糖生成的关键调节因子。本文将深入探讨肝脏激素对非酒精性脂肪肝、炎症和 T2DM 的影响,并特别关注胰岛素抵抗。目的是了解这些新近发现的激素对疾病发展的影响及其潜在的生理和病理机制。
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引用次数: 0
Fetal size monitoring in women with gestational diabetes and normal glucose tolerance. 监测妊娠糖尿病和糖耐量正常妇女的胎儿大小。
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM Pub Date : 2024-07-20 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-024-02330-0
Kaat Beunen, Frederik Van den Abbeele, Paul Van Crombrugge, Johan Verhaeghe, Sofie Vandeginste, Hilde Verlaenen, Toon Maes, Els Dufraimont, Nele Roggen, Christophe De Block, Yves Jacquemyn, Farah Mekahli, Katrien De Clippel, Annick Van den Bruel, Anne Loccufier, Annouschka Laenen, Roland Devlieger, Chantal Mathieu, Katrien Benhalima

Aims: To monitor fetal size and identify predictors for birthweight in women with gestational diabetes (GDM) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT).

Methods: Cohort study of 1843 women universally screened for GDM, with routine ultrasounds each trimester. Women with GDM and NGT were categorized in subgroups by birthweight centile.

Results: Of the total cohort, 231 (12.5%) women were diagnosed with GDM. Fetal size, incidence of large-for-gestational age (LGA: 12.3% of GDM vs. 12.9% of NGT, p = 0.822) and small-for-gestational age (SGA) neonates (4.8% of GDM vs. 5.1% of NGT, p = 0.886) were similar between GDM and NGT. GDM women with LGA neonates were more insulin resistant at baseline and had more often estimated fetal weight (EFW) ≥ P90 on the 28-33 weeks ultrasound (p = 0.033) than those with AGA (appropriate-for-gestational age) neonates. Compared to NGT women with AGA neonates, those with LGA neonates were more often obese and multiparous, had higher fasting glycemia, a worse lipid profile, and higher insulin resistance between 24 -28 weeks, with more often excessive gestational weight gain. On the 28-33 weeks ultrasound, abdominal circumference ≥ P95 had a high positive predictive value for LGA neonates in GDM (100%), whereas, in both GDM and NGT, EFW ≥ P90 and ≤ P10 had a high negative predictive value for LGA and SGA neonates (> 88%), respectively.

Conclusions: There were no differences in fetal size throughout pregnancy nor in LGA incidence between GDM and NGT women. EFW centile at 28-33 weeks correlated well with birthweight. This indicates that GDM treatment is effective and targeted ultrasound follow-up is useful. TRIAL REGISTRATION CLINICALTRIALS.GOV: NCT02036619. Registration date: January 15, 2014. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02036619 .

目的:监测妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)和糖耐量正常(NGT)妇女的胎儿大小,并确定出生体重的预测因素:方法:对 1843 名妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)妇女进行队列研究,每三个月进行一次常规超声波检查。按出生体重百分位数对 GDM 和 NGT 妇女进行分组:结果:在所有孕妇中,有 231 名(12.5%)被确诊为 GDM。胎儿大小、大胎龄新生儿(LGA:GDM 12.3%,NGT 12.9%,P = 0.822)和小胎龄新生儿(SGA)的发生率(GDM 4.8%,NGT 5.1%,P = 0.886)在 GDM 和 NGT 之间相似。与有 AGA(适宜胎龄)新生儿的 GDM 妇女相比,有 LGA 新生儿的 GDM 妇女在基线时胰岛素抵抗更强,在 28-33 周超声波检查中估计胎儿体重(EFW)≥ P90 的频率更高(p = 0.033)。与有 AGA 新生儿的 NGT 妇女相比,有 LGA 新生儿的妇女更常见于肥胖和多产,空腹血糖更高,血脂状况更差,在 24-28 周期间胰岛素抵抗更高,妊娠体重增加过多的情况更常见。在28-33周的超声检查中,腹围≥P95对GDM中的LGA新生儿有很高的阳性预测值(100%),而在GDM和NGT中,EFW≥P90和≤P10对LGA和SGA新生儿分别有很高的阴性预测值(> 88%):GDM 和 NGT 孕妇在整个孕期的胎儿大小和 LGA 发生率方面没有差异。28-33周的EFW百分位数与出生体重有很好的相关性。这表明GDM治疗是有效的,有针对性的超声波随访也是有用的。试验注册 clinicaltrials.gov:NCT02036619。注册日期:2014 年 1 月 15 日。https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02036619 。
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