F. Matmurodov, Bozorboy Sobirov, Isomiddin Tulanov, J. Mirzaabdullayev, J. Khakimov, O. Daminov
Mathematically simulated energy transfers from the energy source to the chassis through hydro transmissions and hydro differential. The developed unified mathematical model of a dynamic system allows, at the design stage, of many branched drive mechanisms, including transmission hydraulic and hydraulic differential actuators, to explore dynamic processes and select rational parameters.
{"title":"Mathematical Modeling of the Transfer of Energy Forces from the Engine through Hydro Transmission and Hydro Differential to Executive Bodies","authors":"F. Matmurodov, Bozorboy Sobirov, Isomiddin Tulanov, J. Mirzaabdullayev, J. Khakimov, O. Daminov","doi":"10.4236/WJM.2019.95008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WJM.2019.95008","url":null,"abstract":"Mathematically simulated energy transfers from the energy source to the chassis through hydro transmissions and hydro differential. The developed unified mathematical model of a dynamic system allows, at the design stage, of many branched drive mechanisms, including transmission hydraulic and hydraulic differential actuators, to explore dynamic processes and select rational parameters.","PeriodicalId":70106,"journal":{"name":"力学国际期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44171383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We point out that a suitable scale of time for the Schrodinger perturbation process is a closed line having rather a circular and not a conventional straight-linear character. A circular nature of the scale concerns especially the time associated with a particular order N of the perturbation energy which provides us with a full number of the perturbation terms predicted by Huby and Tong. On the other hand, a change of the order N—connected with an increased number of the special time points considered on the scale—requires a progressive character of time. A classification of the perturbation terms is done with the aid of the time-point contractions present on a scale characteristic for each N. This selection of terms can be simplified by a partition procedure of the integer numbers representing N-1. The detailed calculations are performed for the perturbation energy of orders N=7 and N=8 .
{"title":"Circular Scale of Time as a Guide for the Schrödinger Perturbation Process of a Quantum-Mechanical System","authors":"S. Olszewski","doi":"10.4236/WJM.2019.95009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WJM.2019.95009","url":null,"abstract":"We point out that a suitable scale of time for the Schrodinger perturbation process is a closed line having rather a circular and not a conventional straight-linear character. A circular nature of the scale concerns especially the time associated with a particular order N of the perturbation energy which provides us with a full number of the perturbation terms predicted by Huby and Tong. On the other hand, a change of the order N—connected with an increased number of the special time points considered on the scale—requires a progressive character of time. A classification of the perturbation terms is done with the aid of the time-point contractions present on a scale characteristic for each N. This selection of terms can be simplified by a partition procedure of the integer numbers representing N-1. The detailed calculations are performed for the perturbation energy of orders N=7 and N=8 .","PeriodicalId":70106,"journal":{"name":"力学国际期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42787545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The results of the tests for a friction pair “a cylindrical specimen made of 0.45% carbon steel—a counter specimen-liner made of polytetrafluoroethyleneF4-B” during sliding friction are presented. The test results at different levels of contact load are analyzed using the Archard’s equation and are presented as a friction fatigue curve. The concept of the frictional stress intensity factor during sliding friction is introduced, and an expression that relates the wear rate to this factor and is close in shape to the Paris equation in fracture mechanics is proposed.
{"title":"Lows of Wear Process of the Friction Pair “0.45% Carbon Steel—Polytetrafluoroethylene” during Sliding from the Position of Fracture Mechanics","authors":"A. Bogdanovich","doi":"10.4236/WJM.2019.95007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WJM.2019.95007","url":null,"abstract":"The results of the tests for a friction pair “a cylindrical specimen made of 0.45% carbon steel—a counter specimen-liner made of polytetrafluoroethyleneF4-B” during sliding friction are presented. The test results at different levels of contact load are analyzed using the Archard’s equation and are presented as a friction fatigue curve. The concept of the frictional stress intensity factor during sliding friction is introduced, and an expression that relates the wear rate to this factor and is close in shape to the Paris equation in fracture mechanics is proposed.","PeriodicalId":70106,"journal":{"name":"力学国际期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44767806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Jenkins, Monaem Elmnifi, Abdalfadel Younis, A. Emhamed
Energy is critical to the economic growth and social development of any country. Indigenous energy resources need to be developed to the optimum level to minimize dependence on imported fuels, subject to resolving economic, environmental and social constraints. This led to an increase in research and development as well as investments in the renewable energy industry in search of ways to meet the energy demand and to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels. Wind and solar energy are becoming popular owing to the abundance, availability and ease of harnessing the energy for electrical power generation. This paper focuses on an integrated hybrid renewable energy system consisting of wind and solar energies. Many parts of Libya have the potential for the development of economic power generation, so maps locations were used to identify where both wind and solar potentials are high. The focal point of this paper is to describe and evaluate a wind-solar hybrid power generation system for a selected location. Grid-tied power generation systems make use of solar PV or wind turbines to produce electricity and supply the load by connecting to the grid. In this study, the HOMER (Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable) computer modeling software was used to model the power system, its physical behavior and its life cycle cost. Computer modeling software was used to model the power system, its physical behavior and its life cycle cost. The hybrid power system was designed for a building at the University of Al-Marj (MARJU). Through the use of simulations, the installation of ten 100-kW wind turbines and 150-KW solar PV was evaluated.
{"title":"Hybrid Power Generation by Using Solar and Wind Energy: Case Study","authors":"P. Jenkins, Monaem Elmnifi, Abdalfadel Younis, A. Emhamed","doi":"10.4236/WJM.2019.94006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WJM.2019.94006","url":null,"abstract":"Energy is critical to the economic growth and social development of any country. Indigenous energy resources need to be developed to the optimum level to minimize dependence on imported fuels, subject to resolving economic, environmental and social constraints. This led to an increase in research and development as well as investments in the renewable energy industry in search of ways to meet the energy demand and to reduce the dependency on fossil fuels. Wind and solar energy are becoming popular owing to the abundance, availability and ease of harnessing the energy for electrical power generation. This paper focuses on an integrated hybrid renewable energy system consisting of wind and solar energies. Many parts of Libya have the potential for the development of economic power generation, so maps locations were used to identify where both wind and solar potentials are high. The focal point of this paper is to describe and evaluate a wind-solar hybrid power generation system for a selected location. Grid-tied power generation systems make use of solar PV or wind turbines to produce electricity and supply the load by connecting to the grid. In this study, the HOMER (Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable) computer modeling software was used to model the power system, its physical behavior and its life cycle cost. Computer modeling software was used to model the power system, its physical behavior and its life cycle cost. The hybrid power system was designed for a building at the University of Al-Marj (MARJU). Through the use of simulations, the installation of ten 100-kW wind turbines and 150-KW solar PV was evaluated.","PeriodicalId":70106,"journal":{"name":"力学国际期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49503112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Eze, Okorafor Chinenye Goodluck, Ujumadu Rosary Ngozi, Toochukwu Ogbonnia Oko
In this paper, the existence of chaotic behavior in the single-well Duffing Oscillator was examined under parametric excitations using Melnikov method and Lyapunov exponents. The minimum and maximum values were obtained and the dynamical behaviors showed the intersections of manifold which was illustrated using the MATCAD software. This extends some results in the literature. Simulation results indicate that the single-well oscillator is sensitive to sinusoidal signals in high frequency cases and with high damping factor, the amplitude of the oscillator was reduced.
{"title":"Existence of Chaotic Phenomena in a Single-Well Duffing Oscillator under Parametric Excitations","authors":"E. Eze, Okorafor Chinenye Goodluck, Ujumadu Rosary Ngozi, Toochukwu Ogbonnia Oko","doi":"10.4236/WJM.2019.94005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WJM.2019.94005","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the existence of chaotic behavior in the single-well Duffing Oscillator was examined under parametric excitations using Melnikov method and Lyapunov exponents. The minimum and maximum values were obtained and the dynamical behaviors showed the intersections of manifold which was illustrated using the MATCAD software. This extends some results in the literature. Simulation results indicate that the single-well oscillator is sensitive to sinusoidal signals in high frequency cases and with high damping factor, the amplitude of the oscillator was reduced.","PeriodicalId":70106,"journal":{"name":"力学国际期刊(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41557048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. F. Caballero, Víctor Rodríguez de la Cruz, J. M. M. Guijosa
This article proposes use of extruded compound materials with optimized resistant cross-sections as an alternative, in this case, seeking the maximum energy density as a design criterion. The advantage of this proposal is that it extends the life cycle and decreases fatigue issues.
{"title":"Optimization of Energy Density in Girders under Pure Bending with an Extruded Monolithic Cross-Section","authors":"D. F. Caballero, Víctor Rodríguez de la Cruz, J. M. M. Guijosa","doi":"10.4236/WJM.2019.93004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WJM.2019.93004","url":null,"abstract":"This article proposes use of extruded compound materials with optimized resistant cross-sections as an alternative, in this case, seeking the maximum energy density as a design criterion. The advantage of this proposal is that it extends the life cycle and decreases fatigue issues.","PeriodicalId":70106,"journal":{"name":"力学国际期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46253381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Agarwal, M. Singh, Ram Kumar, B. Ghosh, S. Pathak
Continuous casting of steel involving different grades in the same casting sequence remains a challenge to billet caster operators. The intermixed composition obtained during the grade change does not meet the specification of either grade and must be downgraded. Incorrect identification of this intermixed region may result in non-conforming products reaching the customer. In this study, a numerical model based on CFD (computational fluid dynamics approach) has been developed which predicts the start and end of the intermixed composition and the tonnage to be downgraded under different casting conditions. This model was validated and the results were in good agreement with the actual plant data for a 6-strand billet caster at LD-1 of TATA Steel, India. This model is used to calculate transition tonnage for different scenarios, e.g. when one of the outermost strands is not functional or some combinations are not functional and varying casting speed during operation. Furthermore, impact of different design of baffles on performance of Tundish has been evaluated to find a way to reduce transition or intermixed composition.
{"title":"Extensive Analysis of Multi Strand Billet Caster Tundish Using Numerical Technique","authors":"R. Agarwal, M. Singh, Ram Kumar, B. Ghosh, S. Pathak","doi":"10.4236/WJM.2019.92003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WJM.2019.92003","url":null,"abstract":"Continuous casting of steel involving different grades in the same casting sequence remains a challenge to billet caster operators. The intermixed composition obtained during the grade change does not meet the specification of either grade and must be downgraded. Incorrect identification of this intermixed region may result in non-conforming products reaching the customer. In this study, a numerical model based on CFD (computational fluid dynamics approach) has been developed which predicts the start and end of the intermixed composition and the tonnage to be downgraded under different casting conditions. This model was validated and the results were in good agreement with the actual plant data for a 6-strand billet caster at LD-1 of TATA Steel, India. This model is used to calculate transition tonnage for different scenarios, e.g. when one of the outermost strands is not functional or some combinations are not functional and varying casting speed during operation. Furthermore, impact of different design of baffles on performance of Tundish has been evaluated to find a way to reduce transition or intermixed composition.","PeriodicalId":70106,"journal":{"name":"力学国际期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43259995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In a companion paper [1], an optimization scheme for extended-end-plate Reduced Beam Section (RBS) connections of steel-moment-frames was presented, based on the component method of Eurocode 3, on regression analysis and on principles of Mechanics under monotone loading. European beam and column profiles were utilized, in conjunction with geometric restrictions and constraints of North American and European Standards for prequalified radius-cut RBS. Τhe aforementioned method aimed for an excellent seismic performance, the verification and validation of which is the content of the present study. Using FEM modeling and accounting for the assumptions used in the optimum design, after calibration with existing experimental data, the optimum connections were numerically analyzed under cyclic loading, adopting a well-accepted displacement-based protocol. All optimum solutions exhibited an excellent cyclic response, and met very satisfactorily all the performance criteria for seismic design. Results in terms of hysteretic M-φ curves at three characteristic areas of the connections validate the whole analysis, a fact aiming to assist in incorporation the radius-cut RBS concept in European Steel Design Codes and engineering practice.
{"title":"Steel Beam-to-Column RBS Connections: FEM Analysis under Cyclic Loading","authors":"D. Sophianopoulos, A. E. Deri","doi":"10.4236/WJM.2019.92002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WJM.2019.92002","url":null,"abstract":"In a companion paper [1], an optimization scheme for extended-end-plate Reduced Beam Section (RBS) connections of steel-moment-frames was presented, based on the component method of Eurocode 3, on regression analysis and on principles of Mechanics under monotone loading. European beam and column profiles were utilized, in conjunction with geometric restrictions and constraints of North American and European Standards for prequalified radius-cut RBS. Τhe aforementioned method aimed for an excellent seismic performance, the verification and validation of which is the content of the present study. Using FEM modeling and accounting for the assumptions used in the optimum design, after calibration with existing experimental data, the optimum connections were numerically analyzed under cyclic loading, adopting a well-accepted displacement-based protocol. All optimum solutions exhibited an excellent cyclic response, and met very satisfactorily all the performance criteria for seismic design. Results in terms of hysteretic M-φ curves at three characteristic areas of the connections validate the whole analysis, a fact aiming to assist in incorporation the radius-cut RBS concept in European Steel Design Codes and engineering practice.","PeriodicalId":70106,"journal":{"name":"力学国际期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46511494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Silver, Ruchit Shah, D. Benedetto, Abhinav Dulur, T. Kirn
Tissue biopsies and implant analysis during animal testing or clinical studies are a requirement for development of new surgical materials and procedures. In this paper we report the use of vibrational OCT (VOCT) to evaluate the viscoelastic behavior of tissues, polymeric materials, biofilms, and viscoelastic solutions of macromolecules. Our results suggest that VOCT is a useful technique to characterize the behavior of cellular tissues and biofilms, polymeric implant materials and viscoelastic solutions used in medicine. It is demonstrated that the modulus and resonant frequency squared per unit thickness is a feature that can be used to characterize a variety of tissues. Further work is needed to understand the generalized behavior of synthetic polymers and viscoelastic solutions.
{"title":"Virtual Biopsy and Physical Characterization of Tissues, Biofilms, Implants and Viscoelastic Liquids Using Vibrational Optical Coherence Tomography","authors":"F. Silver, Ruchit Shah, D. Benedetto, Abhinav Dulur, T. Kirn","doi":"10.4236/WJM.2019.91001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WJM.2019.91001","url":null,"abstract":"Tissue biopsies and implant analysis during animal testing or clinical studies are a requirement for development of new surgical materials and procedures. In this paper we report the use of vibrational OCT (VOCT) to evaluate the viscoelastic behavior of tissues, polymeric materials, biofilms, and viscoelastic solutions of macromolecules. Our results suggest that VOCT is a useful technique to characterize the behavior of cellular tissues and biofilms, polymeric implant materials and viscoelastic solutions used in medicine. It is demonstrated that the modulus and resonant frequency squared per unit thickness is a feature that can be used to characterize a variety of tissues. Further work is needed to understand the generalized behavior of synthetic polymers and viscoelastic solutions.","PeriodicalId":70106,"journal":{"name":"力学国际期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43544007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The introduction of residual stress during the processing of materials has an important impact on the properties of the materials, so it is important to accurately measure the residual stress of the material. This paper established a finite element model of spherical indentation under the action of non-equivalent biaxial residual stress. Then we extracted the full-field accumulation state near the indentation under different stress states from the simulation results and summarized the pile height distribution near the indentation under different stress states. From the simulation, we found that the maximum pile-up height near the indentation point presented a regular trend.
{"title":"Finite Element Simulation of Residual Stress Determination Based on Spherical Indentation Accumulation Morphology","authors":"Xiaochen He, Jingyi Shao, Jian-You Feng","doi":"10.4236/WJM.2021.116009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/WJM.2021.116009","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of residual stress during the processing of materials has an important impact on the properties of the materials, so it is important to accurately measure the residual stress of the material. This paper established a finite element model of spherical indentation under the action of non-equivalent biaxial residual stress. Then we extracted the full-field accumulation state near the indentation under different stress states from the simulation results and summarized the pile height distribution near the indentation under different stress states. From the simulation, we found that the maximum pile-up height near the indentation point presented a regular trend.","PeriodicalId":70106,"journal":{"name":"力学国际期刊(英文)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70875023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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