Acta Chimica Slovenica最新文献

Men with diabetes have a higher risk of prostate cancer and people with prostate cancer are prone to stomach metastases. Therefore, researchers are continuing in order to find new approaches in the treatment of individuals with both diseases at the same time. The protective effect of metformin (which is used in the treatment of diabetes) on cancer continues to be supported by studies. The present study aimed that the protective effect of metformin in the stomach tissue of diabetic and/or prostate cancer rats was investigated through biochemical parameters. In the study, it was determined that the biochemical parameters studied showed a protective effect on stomach tissues with the administration of metformin to cancer and diabetic+cancer groups, and as a result of the principal component analysis, it was determined that the biochemical parameters studied in the stomach tissue showed a correlation.

A dinuclear oxidovanadium(V) complex [V2O2L2(OMe)2] (1) was synthesized from N'-(2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzylidene)-4-methylbenzohydrazide (H2L) and VO(acac)2 in MeOH. Reaction of complex 1 with 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyrone (HL') afforded a mononuclear oxidovanadium(V) complex [VOLL'] (2). The hydrazone and both complexes were characterized by IR, UV and 1H NMR spectroscopy, as well as X-ray single crystal determination. X-ray powder diffraction of the complexes was performed. The V atoms in the two complexes are in octahedral coordination. The molecules of complex 2 are linked through non-classical hydrogen bonds of type C-H∙∙∙O to form one-dimensional chains running along the a axis. The biological assay indicates that the complexes have good antimicrobial activities on the bacteria strains P. aeroginosa, S. aureus, B. subtilis and E. coli.

Synthesizing hybrid molecules is one the best manner to achieve novel promising agents. Consequently, series of new thiazoles having coumarin nucleus were synthesized from 3-acetylcoumarin thiosemicarbazones. Cyclization of thiosemicarbazone derivatives with ethyl 2-chloroacetate, 1-chloropropan-2-one and 2-bromo-1-phenylethanone afforded the corresponding 4-thiazolidinones, 4-methylthiazoles and 4-phenylthiazoles, respectively. The expected antimicrobial propriety for the synthesized thiosemicarbazone and thiazole derivatives were investigated. The thiosemicarbazones and thiazolidin-4-ones showed moderate activities against G +ve and G -ve bacteria.

A mononuclear copper(II) complex [CuLa] (1), and three mononuclear nickel(II) complexes [NiLa] (2), [NiLa]·CH3OH (2·CH3OH) and [NiLb] (3), where La and Lb are the dianionic form of N,N'-bis(4-bromosalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine (H2La) and N,N'-bis(4-fluorosalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine (H2Lb), respectively, were prepared and structurally characterized by spectroscopy method and elemental analyses. The detailed structures were determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction. All the copper and nickel complexes are mononuclear compounds. The metal ions in the complexes are in square planar coordination, with the two phenolate oxygens and two imine nitrogens of the Schiff base ligands. The biological effect of the four complexes were assayed on the bacteria strains Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans.

One new mononuclear nickel(II) thiosemicarbazone complex (1), has been synthesised from the Schiff base ligand derived from p-anisaldehyde and thiosemicarbazide. Complex 1 is characterized by using different spectroscopic techniques and single crystal X-ray structure analysis. Time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) was performed to simulate the electronic spectra of the complex 1 with the help of Polarizable Continuum Model (PCM) model. Complex 1 acts as functional models. The catalytic property has been evaluated from Lineweaver-Burk plot using the Michaelis-Menten approach of enzyme catalysis with a kcat value of the order of 708 h-1.

Synthesis and anticholinesterase activity of 18 previously unpublished indole- and tryptophan-derived compounds are disclosed. These sp3-rich compounds containing an indole structural unit exhibit selective submicromolar inhibition of human butyrylcholinesterase (hBChE). The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR, IR spectroscopy, and high-resolution mass spectrometry.

Extraction of bioactive compounds from Withania somnifera roots was studied using sodium acetate-glycerol deep eutectic solvent (DES) and two techniques ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and heat-assisted extraction (HAE) under response surface methodology (RSM). For UAE and HAE, total phenolic content (TPC, mg gallic acid equivalents per g dry weight (mg GAE g-1 DW)), total flavonoid content (TFC, mg rutin equivalents g-1 DW (mg RE g-1 DW)), radical scavenging activity (RSA, mg AAE (ascorbic acid equivalents) g-1 DW), and iron chelating activity (ICA, mg EDTAE (ethylenediaminetetraacetate equivalents) g-1 DW%) were 6.51, 6.08, 12.56, and 3.57, respectively, and 3.33, 3.98. 6.57 and 2.48, respectively. For UAE, the optimal conditions were a DES concentration of 50 %, temperature of 60 °C, and time of 20 min, and for HAE, a DES concentration of 60 %, temperature of 60 °C, and time of 75 min. The discovered models were strongly supported by the validation experiments. UAE was more efficient and less time-consuming for extracting phytoconstituents of the W. somnifera than HAE.

A nanoparticle is the simplest structural component due to its nanometer-sized diameter. Nanoparticles are typically atoms or molecules that generate a radius (or diameter) of less than 100 nm when bonded collectively. The latest developments in nanotechnology provide a wide range of methods for studying and monitoring various medical and biological processes at the nanoscale. Nanoparticles can help diagnose and treat diseases, such as cancer, by carrying drugs directly to cancer cells. They can also be used to detect disease biomarkers in the body, helping to provide early diagnosis. It is likely that the data will have a positive effect on biology and medicine. It is plausible that nanoparticles could be used in theranostic applications and targeted drug delivery. This could significantly improve patient outcomes and reduce the amount of time, effort, and money needed to diagnose and treat diseases. It could also reduce the side effects of treatments, providing more precise and effective treatments. Nanoparticles for biomedical applications include polymeric and metal nanoparticles; liposomes and micelles; dendrimers and quantum dots; etc. Among the nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles have emerged as a promising platform for drug delivery applications. Gold nanoparticles are highly advantageous for drug delivery applications due to their excellent biocompatibility, stability, and tunable physical and chemical properties. The present review provides an in-depth discussion of the various approaches to gold nanoparticle synthesis and drug delivery applications.

Due to its transferability, the soil has been commonly used as evidence in criminal investigations. In this work, 172 soil samples taken from five urban parks from the town of Tetovo (North Macedonia) and from additional four rural locations in its vicinity. The soil samples were examined using X-ray powder diffraction. The collected diffractograms were used for development of classification models based on supervised self-organizing maps. The examination generalization performances of the developed models showed that they were able to correctly classify between 95.6 and 97.8% of the samples from the independent test set. The influence of the weather and the seasonal changes on the composition of the soil was also examined. For this purpose, three years after the initial soil samples were collected, additional 28 samples were analyzed from different location. The best models presented in this work were able to successfully classify 27 of these additional samples.

Four new fluoro-containing hydrazones were synthesized from 4-fluorobenzaldehyde with chloro- and nitro-substituted benzohydrazides. They are 3-chloro-N'-(4-fluorobenzylidene)benzohydrazide (1), 2-chloro-N'-(4-fluorobenzylidene)benzohydrazide (2), N'-(4-fluorobenzylidene)-4-nitrobenzohydrazide (3), and N'-(4-fluorobenzylidene)-3-nitrobenzohydrazide (4). The compounds have been characterized by IR and 1H NMR spectra, as well as X-ray single crystal determination. Xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity indicated that the nitro substituted compounds 3 and 4 have effective activity. Docking simulation was performed to insert the compounds into the crystal structure of xanthine oxidase at the active site to investigate the probable binding modes.