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Tumor vessels and contrast enhancement of hepatocellular carcinoma demonstrated by percutaneous transhepatic portography. Report of a case. 经皮肝门静脉造影显示肝癌的肿瘤血管和造影剂增强。报告一个病例。
Pub Date : 1986-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/028418518602700412
I Fujisawa, S Minami, K Tsutsui, T Imura, M Asano, O Kitamura, M Matsumoto, K Ozawa, K Torizuka

A patient with an Edmondson type I-II hepatocellular carcinoma had, at celiac angiography, a poor arterial supply but a rich portal supply as observed at percutaneous transhepatic portography, an observation not previously reported in this disease. The importance of demonstrating the vascular supply of the tumor previous to planned intravascular treatment is obvious.

1例Edmondson I-II型肝细胞癌患者,经腹腔血管造影显示动脉供应不足,但经皮肝门静脉造影显示门静脉供应丰富,这一观察结果此前未在该疾病中报道。在计划的血管内治疗之前,证明肿瘤血管供应的重要性是显而易见的。
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引用次数: 1
Effect of motion on the sonographic and magnetic resonance patterns of ageing blood. 运动对老化血液超声和磁共振模式的影响。
Pub Date : 1986-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/028418518602700417
A Alanen, P Nummi

The sonographic appearance of a hematoma may be affected by various factors, including the age of the hematoma. The effect of mechanical motion on the echogenicity and histologic appearance, and on the proton relaxation times T1 and T2 of blood clots, was studied in vitro for up to 21 days. All clots were of similar echogenicity and microscopic appearance during the first 2 days. The minimally disturbed clots were sonolucent from day 4 onwards, whereas moderate mechanical disturbance changed the microscopic structure of the blood clots and caused them to retain their echogenicity. Proton relaxation times T1 and T2 of both minimally disturbed and vigorously manipulated blood samples showed a rapid shortening of T1 and a less marked decrease of T2 between days 1 and 4, which was independent of mechanical motion. The ultrasonic appearance reflected the histologic appearance but not necessarily the age of the clot. The magnetic resonance (MR) parameters T1 and to a lesser extent T2 accurately reflected the age of the clot during the first 6 days. Although relatively gentle motion caused a large change in the ultrasonic appearance of the clots, vigorous shaking did not affect the magnetic resonance appearance of human blood clots.

血肿的超声表现可能受到多种因素的影响,包括血肿的年龄。在体外研究机械运动对血凝块的回声性、组织学形态以及质子弛豫时间T1和T2的影响,时间长达21天。所有凝块在前2天具有相似的回声和显微镜外观。最小干扰的血栓从第4天开始是透光的,而适度的机械干扰改变了血栓的微观结构,使它们保持了回声性。质子弛豫时间T1和T2在最小干扰和剧烈操作的血液样本中显示T1快速缩短,T2在第1天至第4天之间下降不太明显,与机械运动无关。超声表现反映了组织形态,但不一定反映血栓的年龄。磁共振(MR)参数T1和T2在较小程度上准确反映了前6天血栓的年龄。虽然相对温和的运动导致血块的超声外观发生了很大变化,但剧烈的震动并不影响人体血块的磁共振外观。
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引用次数: 11
Ultrasound examination of foreign bodies. An in vitro investigation. 异物的超声检查。体外研究。
Pub Date : 1986-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/028418518602700419
I Suramo, M Pamilo

Ultrasound examination of foreign bodies most frequently encountered in the human body was performed when they were contained within a transmission medium acoustically resembling human soft tissues. All the foreign bodies evaluated (lead and plastic pellets, pieces of wire, nails, needles, small fragments of rock and glass, wooden slivers, surgical sponges and surgical threads) were detectable with ultrasound. Strong echoes were reflected from their surface when they were positioned favourably, although in some positions the echoes from a needle, fragment of glass, wooden silver, or surgical thread could not be distinguished from those of the surroundings. Acoustic shadows were also seen behind the foreign bodies. A striking column of reverberation echoes was demonstrated behind lead pellets and nails while behind a glass plate there was an acoustic shadow that was often difficult to detect because it was concealed by a mirror image. With modern grey-scale real-time equipment it is possible to demonstrate objects from various angles, a fact which should facilitate the detection of foreign bodies in vivo circumstances.

超声检查人体中最常遇到的异物,当它们被包含在声学上类似于人体软组织的传输介质中时。所有被评估的异物(铅和塑料颗粒、铁丝、钉子、针、岩石和玻璃的小碎片、木条、手术海绵和手术线)都可以用超声波检测到。当它们被放置在合适的位置时,它们的表面会反射出强烈的回声,尽管在某些位置,针、玻璃碎片、木银或手术线发出的回声无法与周围的回声区分开来。在异物的后面也可以看到声影。在铅弹和钉子后面有一列引人注目的混响回声,而在玻璃板后面有一个声波阴影,通常很难探测到,因为它被镜像掩盖了。使用现代灰度实时设备,可以从不同角度展示物体,这一事实应该有助于在体内环境中检测异物。
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引用次数: 17
Angiography of histopathologic variants of synovial sarcoma. 滑膜肉瘤组织病理变异的血管造影。
Pub Date : 1986-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/028418518602700416
J F Lois, H J Fischer, J M Mirra, A S Gomes

Synovial sarcomas are rare soft tissue tumors which histopathologically can be divided into monophasic, biphasic and mixed variants. As part of a protocol for intra-arterial chemotherapy 12 patients with biopsy proven synovial sarcoma underwent angiography. The angiograms on these patients were reviewed to determine whether synovial sarcomas and their variants demonstrated a characteristic angiographic appearance. Synovial sarcomas appeared angiographically as soft tissue masses which showed a fine network of tumor vessels with an inhomogeneous capillary blush. Their degree of vascularity varied according to their histopathology. Monophasic synovial sarcomas demonstrated in general a higher degree of neovascularity than the biphasic form. This finding was also suggested by histopathologic analysis of the vessels in the tumor. Although angiography did not show a distinctive vascular pattern it may be useful to evaluate tumor size and vascularity.

滑膜肉瘤是一种罕见的软组织肿瘤,在组织病理学上可分为单相、双相和混合型。作为动脉化疗方案的一部分,12名活检证实滑膜肉瘤的患者接受了血管造影。我们回顾了这些患者的血管造影,以确定滑膜肉瘤及其变异是否表现出特征性的血管造影表现。滑膜肉瘤的血管造影表现为软组织肿块,肿瘤血管呈网状结构,毛细血管呈不均匀的红色。它们的血管通畅程度随组织病理学的不同而不同。一般而言,单相滑膜肉瘤比双相滑膜肉瘤具有更高程度的新生血管。这一发现也被肿瘤血管的组织病理学分析所证实。虽然血管造影没有显示出独特的血管模式,但它可能有助于评估肿瘤的大小和血管分布。
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引用次数: 6
Relationships between coronary artery obstruction, asynergy, presence of collaterals and the ejection fraction of the left ventricle in patients with coronary heart disease. 冠心病患者冠状动脉阻塞、无能性、侧枝存在与左心室射血分数的关系
Pub Date : 1986-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/028418518602700408
C Backman, A Billström, M Ericsson, K A Jacobsson, O Johnson, H Linderholm, G Osterman

Cardioangiographic scores of coronary artery obstructions and corresponding myocardial involvement (MCOS), presence of collaterals (CollS), and asynergy of the left ventricular wall (LVMS) as well as the left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) were examined in 67 patients with coronary heart disease. A covariation was found between LVMS, EF, ECG changes, and a history indicating a previous myocardial infarction (MI). In a multiple regression analysis the EF covariated with LVMS but not with MCOS and CollS. LVMS indicated a previous MI with at least the same sensitivity and specificity as EF. MCOS and CollS give additional information. Collaterals as well as a high MCOS in relation to the LVMS indicate obstruction of coronary arteries which subserve 'non-fibrotic' myocardium. A patient with a high MCOS and CollS and a low LVMS should be expected to gain most functional improvement from coronary bypass surgery. The scores MCOS, CollS and LVMS are comparatively easy to determine and give a more diversified picture of the state of the myocardium than the EF alone.

本文对67例冠心病患者的冠状动脉阻塞和相应的心肌累及(MCOS)、侧枝存在(CollS)、左室壁无功(LVMS)和左室射血分数(EF)进行了心血管造影评分。LVMS、EF、ECG变化和既往心肌梗死(MI)史之间存在共变。在多元回归分析中,EF与LVMS共变,但与MCOS和CollS无关。LVMS提示既往心肌梗死,其敏感性和特异性至少与EF相同。MCOS和CollS提供了额外的信息。侧支以及与LVMS相关的高MCOS表明冠状动脉阻塞,冠状动脉为“非纤维化”心肌。高MCOS和cols和低LVMS的患者应该期望从冠状动脉搭桥手术中获得大部分功能改善。MCOS、cols和LVMS评分相对容易确定,比单独的EF评分更能反映心肌的状态。
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引用次数: 4
Anatomic variants of the hepatic arteries. 肝动脉的解剖变异。
Pub Date : 1986-07-01 DOI: 10.1177/028418518602700411
H Rygaard, M Forrest, T Mygind, H Baden

The anatomic variants of the hepatic arteries observed in 216 abdominal arteriographies were analysed. A comparison was made with MICHELS' work based upon 200 anatomic dissections, and SUZUKI'S investigation of 200 abdominal arteriographies. Seven not previously classified anatomic variants of the hepatic arteries were found. The large number of variants may be ascribed to intricacies in the development of the vascular supply in the embryo and to the normal caudal displacement of the liver taking place in the embryo and fetus. Knowledge concerning existing variants is important in performing surgery, embolization and intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy in the hepatic region.

本文对216例腹部动脉造影中肝动脉的解剖变异进行了分析。与MICHELS基于200个解剖解剖的工作和SUZUKI对200个腹部动脉造影的调查进行了比较。发现了7个未分类的肝动脉解剖变异。大量的变异可能归因于胚胎中血管供应发育的复杂性以及胚胎和胎儿中肝脏的正常尾端移位。在肝区进行手术、栓塞和动脉内输注化疗时,了解现有的变异是很重要的。
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引用次数: 54
Computed tomography of the knee with reference to meniscal tears. A prospective blind investigation. 参考半月板撕裂的膝关节计算机断层扫描。前瞻性盲法调查。
Pub Date : 1986-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/028418518602700315
A G Jurik, J Jørgensen, O Helmig, A de Carvalho

Computed tomography (CT) with a high resolution CT scanner and--on a special occasion--double contrast arthrography of the knee with reference to meniscal tears were performed in 50 patients. Operation or arthroscopy was performed in 28 patients and 15 were found to have meniscal tears. A correct diagnosis of the tears was achieved at CT in 13 of these patients. Three false positive and two false negative CT findings were recorded, resulting in a 91 per cent accuracy for CT, a diagnostic specificity of 84 per cent, and a sensitivity of 95 per cent. The diagnostic value of CT thus compared with that of double contrast arthrography. This should indicate that CT may be used as an alternative non-invasive diagnostic procedure in the diagnosis of meniscal tears of the knee joint.

使用高分辨率CT扫描仪进行计算机断层扫描(CT),并在特殊情况下对半月板撕裂的膝关节进行双重对比关节造影术。28例患者行手术或关节镜检查,其中15例发现半月板撕裂。在这些患者中,有13例在CT上得到了正确的诊断。记录了3个假阳性和2个假阴性CT结果,导致CT的准确率为91%,诊断特异性为84%,灵敏度为95%。因此,将CT的诊断价值与双重对比关节造影术进行比较。这表明CT可以作为一种非侵入性的诊断方法来诊断膝关节半月板撕裂。
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引用次数: 1
Computed tomographic angiography of the liver via the coeliac axis. 经腹腔轴的肝脏计算机断层血管造影。
Pub Date : 1986-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/028418518602700306
C Lundstedt, S Götberg, A Lunderquist, H Stridbeck, H Ekberg

Sixty computed tomographic angiographic (CTA) examinations of the liver were performed with contrast injection into the coeliac axis. Data from both an arterial and a portal venous phase were recorded. In 41 patients it was possible to compare the results of CTA with palpation of the liver during laparotomy. The results from CTA and laparotomy were the same in 35 patients (85%). In one patient CTA disclosed verified liver lesions not diagnosed at laparotomy. There were 2 false negative and 3 false positive CTA examinations. In the remaining 19 patients, a clinical follow-up period of at least 6 months was used to evaluate the results of CTA. In the 7 patients in whom CTA showed benign lesions or a normal liver parenchyma, the clinical follow-up revealed no evidence of tumour growth in the liver.

60例肝脏计算机断层血管造影(CTA)检查,腹腔轴注射造影剂。记录动脉期和门静脉期的数据。在41例患者中,可以比较剖腹手术期间CTA和肝脏触诊的结果。35例(85%)患者的CTA和剖腹手术结果相同。在一名患者中,CTA显示了剖腹手术时未诊断出的肝脏病变。CTA假阴性2例,假阳性3例。在其余19例患者中,至少6个月的临床随访期用于评估CTA的结果。在CTA显示良性病变或肝脏实质正常的7例患者中,临床随访未发现肝脏肿瘤生长的证据。
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引用次数: 14
Computed tomography of pelvic lipomatosis. Report of a case. 盆腔脂肪瘤病的计算机断层扫描。报告一个病例。
Pub Date : 1986-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/028418518602700311
L Bååth, U Nyman, P Aspelin, L Wadström

Pelvic lipomatosis is a non-malignant condition of unknown etiology characterized by an overgrowth of non-encapsulated fatty tissue in the perirectal and perivesical spaces of the pelvis. The symptoms are generally vague and the condition is often diagnosed accidentally. It may cause obstruction of the ureters, inferior vena cava and pelvic veins and may be associated with cystitis glandularis. The typical conventional radiographic findings, though not pathognomonic, are a high-positioned and pear-shaped bladder, tubular narrowing of the rectum and distal sigmoid colon and reduced attenuation of the pelvic soft tissues. Computed tomography demonstrates a non-encapsulated fatty mass surrounding the pelvic organs symmetrically and with an attenuation similar to that of subcutaneous fat. The fatty tissue may contain strands with a higher attenuation than that of fat. The findings at computed tomography seem to be pathognomonic for this condition and eliminate the need for routine surgical biopsies.

盆腔脂肪瘤病是一种病因不明的非恶性疾病,其特征是盆腔直肠周围和膀胱周围间隙的非包裹性脂肪组织过度生长。症状通常很模糊,而且常常是偶然诊断出来的。它可引起输尿管、下腔静脉和盆腔静脉阻塞,并可能与腺性膀胱炎有关。典型的常规x线表现为膀胱位置高,呈梨形,直肠和远端乙状结肠管状狭窄,盆腔软组织衰减减少,虽然不是典型的。计算机断层扫描显示盆腔器官周围有非包裹性脂肪团,其衰减与皮下脂肪相似。脂肪组织可能含有比脂肪具有更高衰减的链。计算机断层扫描的结果似乎是这种情况的病理特征,并消除了常规手术活检的需要。
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引用次数: 6
The topographic relations of the high jugular fossa to the inner ear. A radioanatomic investigation. 颈高窝与内耳的地形关系。放射解剖学研究。
Pub Date : 1986-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/028418518602700312
K Wadin, H Wilbrand

The radioanatomy of high jugular fossae and their topographic relations to the inner ear structures were investigated in 245 unselected temporal bones. One hundred and fifty specimens were submitted to multidirectional and 10 to computed tomography. After careful chemical and fermentative maceration plastic casts were made, using polyester resin and silicone rubber. With the use of vacuum, even minute structures became filled with the casting material. The specimens offered a three-dimensional view of the jugular fossae and surrounding structures. Fifty-eight (24%) of the total 245 specimens had high jugular fossae at a level above the lower border of the round window. Five casts showed a dehiscence of the peripheral portion of the vestibular aqueduct caused by the high jugular fossa. In 2 casts the proximal portion of the cochlear aqueduct was affected. In some casts the posterior semicircular canal, the facial canal, the stapedial muscle and the round window lay so close to the fossa that a dehiscence could not be excluded. In a clinical material of 102 high fossae the radiographic findings were in accordance with the experimental results. High jugular fossae were predominantly found in pyramids with low-grade mastoid bone pneumatization and sparse or no perilabyrinthine air cells.

本文研究了245块颞骨颈高窝的放射解剖学特征及其与内耳结构的地形关系。150个标本进行了多向扫描,10个进行了计算机断层扫描。经过仔细的化学和发酵浸渍塑料铸件制成,使用聚酯树脂和硅橡胶。由于真空的使用,即使是微小的结构也充满了铸造材料。这些标本提供了颈静脉窝和周围结构的三维视图。245例标本中有58例(24%)颈静脉窝位于圆窗下缘以上水平。5例铸型显示由颈静脉高窝引起的前庭导水管外周部分裂开。2例铸型耳蜗导水管近端部受累。在一些铸型中,后半规管、面管、镫骨肌和圆窗离窝很近,不能排除有裂孔。在102个高窝的临床材料中,x线表现与实验结果一致。高颈静脉窝主要见于金字塔,乳突骨气化程度低,胸椎周围空气细胞稀疏或无。
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引用次数: 52
期刊
Acta radiologica: diagnosis
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