Objectives: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) signaling pathway of uterus tissue in rats with primary dysmenorrhea(PDM), so as to investigate its mechanisms underlying improvement of PDM.
Methods: Thirty healthy non-pregnant female SD rats were randomly divided into blank, model and EA groups, with 10 rats in each group. The PDM model was established by subcutaneous injection of estradiol diphenhydrate combined with intraperitoneal injection of oxytocin. For rats of the EA group, EA(50 Hz, a tolerable current intensity) was applied to "Guanyuan"(CV4) and bilateral "Sanyinjiao"(SP6) for 20 min, once a day for 10 consecutive days. The number of writhing, wri-thing score, and writhing latency were observed. The uterine histopathological changes were observed by H.E. staining, and the ultrastructural changes of uterine tissue cells in each group were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The contents of prostaglandin E2(PGE2), prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α) and ratios of PGF2α/PGE2 in the serum and uterine tissue were detected by ELISA. The relative expression levels of PI3K, Akt and mTOR and their phosphorylation proteins in the uterine tissue were detected by Western blot and the ratios were calculated.
Results: Compared with the blank group, the number and score of writhing, latency of writhing, pathological injury score, contents of PGF2α and ratios of PGF2α/PGE2 in the serum and uterine tissue, and the levels of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt and p-mTOR/mTOR in the uterine tissue were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.01, P<0.05), while contents of PGE2 in the serum and uterine tissue were reduced(P<0.05). In comparison with the model group, the number of writhing and writhing score, pathological injury score, contents of PGF2α and ratios of PGF2α/PGE2 in both the serum and uterine tissue, the levels of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt and p-mTOR/mTOR were obviously decreased(P<0.05, P<0.01), whereas the writhing latency was considerably prolonged in the EA group(P<0.01), with elevated contents of PGE2 in the serum and uterine tissue(P<0.05). H.E. staining showed slight dilation of uterine glandular cavity, and severe endometrial edema with extensive cell shedding and a large number of vacuole-like degeneration, apoptosis, pyknosis or fragmentation or disappearance of the nucleus, and neutrophil infiltration in the model group, which were relatively milder in the EA group. Ultrastructural results showed irregular fibroblasts of uterine tissue cells, obvious cytoplasmic edema, reduction in cytoplasmic electron density, seriously irregular nuclei, severe edema of mitochondria with dissolved matrix, fracture and disappearance of mitochondrial crests and vacuolation, and moderate dilation of rough endoplasmic reticulum in the mod
{"title":"Mechanisms of acupuncture for primary dysmenorrhea based on PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in rats.","authors":"Si-An Pan, Yu Liu, Shao-Hua Wang, Xiao Xue, Han-Yu Yuan, Juan Li, Zeng-Hui Yue","doi":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20230007","DOIUrl":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20230007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) signaling pathway of uterus tissue in rats with primary dysmenorrhea(PDM), so as to investigate its mechanisms underlying improvement of PDM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty healthy non-pregnant female SD rats were randomly divided into blank, model and EA groups, with 10 rats in each group. The PDM model was established by subcutaneous injection of estradiol diphenhydrate combined with intraperitoneal injection of oxytocin. For rats of the EA group, EA(50 Hz, a tolerable current intensity) was applied to \"Guanyuan\"(CV4) and bilateral \"Sanyinjiao\"(SP6) for 20 min, once a day for 10 consecutive days. The number of writhing, wri-thing score, and writhing latency were observed. The uterine histopathological changes were observed by H.E. staining, and the ultrastructural changes of uterine tissue cells in each group were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The contents of prostaglandin E2(PGE2), prostaglandin F2α(PGF2α) and ratios of PGF2α/PGE2 in the serum and uterine tissue were detected by ELISA. The relative expression levels of PI3K, Akt and mTOR and their phosphorylation proteins in the uterine tissue were detected by Western blot and the ratios were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the blank group, the number and score of writhing, latency of writhing, pathological injury score, contents of PGF2α and ratios of PGF2α/PGE2 in the serum and uterine tissue, and the levels of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt and p-mTOR/mTOR in the uterine tissue were significantly increased in the model group(<i>P</i><0.01, <i>P</i><0.05), while contents of PGE2 in the serum and uterine tissue were reduced(<i>P</i><0.05). In comparison with the model group, the number of writhing and writhing score, pathological injury score, contents of PGF2α and ratios of PGF2α/PGE2 in both the serum and uterine tissue, the levels of p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt and p-mTOR/mTOR were obviously decreased(<i>P</i><0.05, <i>P</i><0.01), whereas the writhing latency was considerably prolonged in the EA group(<i>P</i><0.01), with elevated contents of PGE2 in the serum and uterine tissue(<i>P</i><0.05). H.E. staining showed slight dilation of uterine glandular cavity, and severe endometrial edema with extensive cell shedding and a large number of vacuole-like degeneration, apoptosis, pyknosis or fragmentation or disappearance of the nucleus, and neutrophil infiltration in the model group, which were relatively milder in the EA group. Ultrastructural results showed irregular fibroblasts of uterine tissue cells, obvious cytoplasmic edema, reduction in cytoplasmic electron density, seriously irregular nuclei, severe edema of mitochondria with dissolved matrix, fracture and disappearance of mitochondrial crests and vacuolation, and moderate dilation of rough endoplasmic reticulum in the mod","PeriodicalId":7170,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139037264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: To explore the action characteristics of acupuncture manipulations by combining visual and sensor technique, so as to improve the identification and classification accuracy of acupuncture manipulations and to quantificate the classifiations.
Methods: In this paper, the time domain features of acupuncture physical parameters and dynamic gesture features in the video of acupuncture manipulations are combined together to identify and classify acupuncture techniques. The acupuncture needle manipulation processes of 2 acupuncture experts and 3 young acupuncturists were selected as the study objects. The collected data included 4 basic manipulation techniques：lifting-thrusting reinforcing, lifting- thrusting reducing, twisting reinforcing and twisting reducing methods, all of which were performed by right-handed doctors. During acupuncture manipulation, a three-axis attitude sensor was used to acquire finger moving acceleration velocity and needle-rotating angle velocity, followed by analyzing the parameters of hand-moving velocity, amplitude, strength and angle. The mapping relationship among physical parameters and different manipulating methods was formed in time domain. The computer vision technology was employed to extract the spatio-temporal features of the acupuncture manipulation video images, and a hybrid model of three-dimensional convolutional neural network (3D CNN) and long- and short-term memory (LSTM) neural network were used for the recognition and classification of dynamic gestures of hand in acupuncture manipulation videos. Then the time-domain features of physical parameters were combined with the dynamic gestures in the classification process, with the manipulation classification realized.
Results: In performing the lift-thrusting reinforcing method, the needle insertion speed was faster and the force was larger, while the needle lifting speed was slower and the force was smaller. And in performing the lift-thrusting reducing method, the needle lifting speed was faster, the force was stronger, and the needle insertion speed was slower and the force was smaller. In the performance of twisting reinforcing, the leftward twisting force was bigger and the rotation amplitude was larger, while in performing the reducing method, the rightward twisting force was larger and the rotation amplitude was larger. When using the mean value of time of acceleration, speed, and amplitude as the basis of discrimination, the accuracy rates of lifting-thrusting reinforcing and reducing were 95.56% and 93.33%, while those of the two twisting manipulations were 95.56% and 91.11%, respectively. Compared with the classification method that only uses the sensor to obtain the manipulation information, the recognition accuracy was significantly improved.
Conclusions: The acupuncture manipulation classification system can achieve quantitative analysis of physical
{"title":"An acupuncture manipulation classification system based on three-axis attitude sensor and computer vision.","authors":"Meng Zhu, Da-Ming Liu, Jian Pei, Yi-Jun Zhan, Hai-Yue Shen","doi":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20221145","DOIUrl":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20221145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the action characteristics of acupuncture manipulations by combining visual and sensor technique, so as to improve the identification and classification accuracy of acupuncture manipulations and to quantificate the classifiations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this paper, the time domain features of acupuncture physical parameters and dynamic gesture features in the video of acupuncture manipulations are combined together to identify and classify acupuncture techniques. The acupuncture needle manipulation processes of 2 acupuncture experts and 3 young acupuncturists were selected as the study objects. The collected data included 4 basic manipulation techniques：lifting-thrusting reinforcing, lifting- thrusting reducing, twisting reinforcing and twisting reducing methods, all of which were performed by right-handed doctors. During acupuncture manipulation, a three-axis attitude sensor was used to acquire finger moving acceleration velocity and needle-rotating angle velocity, followed by analyzing the parameters of hand-moving velocity, amplitude, strength and angle. The mapping relationship among physical parameters and different manipulating methods was formed in time domain. The computer vision technology was employed to extract the spatio-temporal features of the acupuncture manipulation video images, and a hybrid model of three-dimensional convolutional neural network (3D CNN) and long- and short-term memory (LSTM) neural network were used for the recognition and classification of dynamic gestures of hand in acupuncture manipulation videos. Then the time-domain features of physical parameters were combined with the dynamic gestures in the classification process, with the manipulation classification realized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In performing the lift-thrusting reinforcing method, the needle insertion speed was faster and the force was larger, while the needle lifting speed was slower and the force was smaller. And in performing the lift-thrusting reducing method, the needle lifting speed was faster, the force was stronger, and the needle insertion speed was slower and the force was smaller. In the performance of twisting reinforcing, the leftward twisting force was bigger and the rotation amplitude was larger, while in performing the reducing method, the rightward twisting force was larger and the rotation amplitude was larger. When using the mean value of time of acceleration, speed, and amplitude as the basis of discrimination, the accuracy rates of lifting-thrusting reinforcing and reducing were 95.56% and 93.33%, while those of the two twisting manipulations were 95.56% and 91.11%, respectively. Compared with the classification method that only uses the sensor to obtain the manipulation information, the recognition accuracy was significantly improved.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The acupuncture manipulation classification system can achieve quantitative analysis of physical","PeriodicalId":7170,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139037339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20221305
Xue Ma, Fan Liu, Qiang Wang, Yuan Wang, Zhi-Bin Liu
Objectives: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on ferroptosis and apoptosis-related proteins in the substantia nigra of midbrain in mice with Parkinson's disease (PD), so as to explore its possible mechanisms in the treatment of PD.
Methods: Twenty-four C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into blank, model and EA groups, with 8 mice in each group. The PD model was established by continuous gavage of rotenone for 4 weeks. EA was applied at "Baihui" (GV20), "Quchi" (LI11) and "Zusanli" (ST36) for 20 min, once a day for 14 days, with 2-day rest after every 5-day treatment. The open field test was used to evaluate the residence time in the central area, ave-rage movement speed, and total distance of the open field. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression le-vels of divalent metal ion transporter 1 (DMT1), membrane ferroportin 1 (FPN1), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), proapoptotic protein Bax, and anti apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in the substantia nigra. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the morphological changes of neurons and the positive expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the substantia nigra of mice.
Results: After 4 weeks of modeling, compared with the blank group, the residence time in the central area, average speed and total distance of open field were significantly lower (P<0.000 1, P<0.01, P<0.001)；the protein expression levels of DMT1 and Bax in the substantia nigra were increased (P<0.001, P<0.000 1), while the protein expression levels of FPN1, GPX4 and Bcl-2, and the optical density of TH+ cells in the substantia nigra were decreased (P<0.000 1, P<0.001) in the model group. In comparison with the model group, the residence time in the central area, average speed, and total distance of the EA group were increased (P<0.01, P<0.05)；the protein expression levels of DMT1 and Bax in the substantia nigra were decreased (P<0.01, P<0.001), while the protein expression levels of FPN1, GPX4, and Bcl-2, and the optical density of TH+ cells in the substantia nigra were increased (P<0.000 1, P<0.01, P<0.001, P<0.05).
Conclusions: EA has a protective effect on dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of midbrain in PD model mice, which may be related with its effect in regulating oxidative stress and cell apoptosis induced by ferroptosis.
{"title":"Effect of electroacupuncture on oxidative stress and cell apoptosis induced by ferroptosis in mice with Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Xue Ma, Fan Liu, Qiang Wang, Yuan Wang, Zhi-Bin Liu","doi":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20221305","DOIUrl":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20221305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on ferroptosis and apoptosis-related proteins in the substantia nigra of midbrain in mice with Parkinson's disease (PD), so as to explore its possible mechanisms in the treatment of PD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into blank, model and EA groups, with 8 mice in each group. The PD model was established by continuous gavage of rotenone for 4 weeks. EA was applied at \"Baihui\" (GV20), \"Quchi\" (LI11) and \"Zusanli\" (ST36) for 20 min, once a day for 14 days, with 2-day rest after every 5-day treatment. The open field test was used to evaluate the residence time in the central area, ave-rage movement speed, and total distance of the open field. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression le-vels of divalent metal ion transporter 1 (DMT1), membrane ferroportin 1 (FPN1), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), proapoptotic protein Bax, and anti apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in the substantia nigra. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the morphological changes of neurons and the positive expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the substantia nigra of mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 4 weeks of modeling, compared with the blank group, the residence time in the central area, average speed and total distance of open field were significantly lower (<i>P<</i>0.000 1, <i>P<</i>0.01, <i>P<</i>0.001)；the protein expression levels of DMT1 and Bax in the substantia nigra were increased (<i>P</i><0.001, <i>P</i><0.000 1), while the protein expression levels of FPN1, GPX4 and Bcl-2, and the optical density of TH<sup>+</sup> cells in the substantia nigra were decreased (<i>P</i><0.000 1, <i>P</i><0.001) in the model group. In comparison with the model group, the residence time in the central area, average speed, and total distance of the EA group were increased (<i>P</i><0.01, <i>P</i><0.05)；the protein expression levels of DMT1 and Bax in the substantia nigra were decreased (<i>P</i><0.01, <i>P</i><0.001), while the protein expression levels of FPN1, GPX4, and Bcl-2, and the optical density of TH<sup>+</sup> cells in the substantia nigra were increased (<i>P</i><0.000 1, <i>P</i><0.01, <i>P</i><0.001, <i>P</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EA has a protective effect on dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of midbrain in PD model mice, which may be related with its effect in regulating oxidative stress and cell apoptosis induced by ferroptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":7170,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139037342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: To observe the effect of moxibustion on the polarization of microglia towards M2 direction in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice through the interleukin-33 (IL-33)/growth stimulating gene 2 protein (ST2) signaling pathway.
Methods: Five-month-old APP/PS1 male mice were randomly divided into model and moxibustion (Moxi) groups, and C57BL/6J mice of the same age were as the control group, with 9 mice in each group. In the Moxi group, moxibustion was applied at "Baihui" (GV20) and "Yongquan" (KI1) for 30 min, once a day, 5 days a week for 4 weeks. The spatial learning memory ability was observed by the Morris water maze test. The relative expressions of IL-33 and ST2 in hippocampus were detected by Western blot. The positive expression of amyloid-β (Aβ), phosphorylated Tau (p-Tau), IL-33/ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1(Iba-1), ST2/Iba-1, arginase 1 (Arg1)/Iba-1 and indu-cible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)/Iba-1 in hippocampal CA1 region were detected by immunofluorescence.
Results: Compared with the control group, the escape latency of the mice in the model group was prolonged (P<0.001, P<0.01), the number of times to enter the effective area and the percentage of target quadrant swimming time were reduced (P<0.001), the positive expression of both Aβ and p-Tau, the positive expression of iNOS/Iba-1 in the hippocampal CA1 region was increased (P<0.001), while the expression of IL-33 and ST2 protein in hippocampal tissue, the positive expression levels of IL-33/Iba-1, ST2/Iba-1 and Arg1/Iba-1 in hippocampal CA1 region were all decreased (P<0.05, P<0.001). After treatment, compared with the model group, the escape latency of the mice in the moxibustion group was shortened (P<0.001, P<0.01), the number of entries into the effective area and the percentage of target quadrant swimming time were increased (P<0.001), the positive expression of Aβ and p-Tau in the hippocampal CA1 region, and the positive expression of iNOS/Iba-1 were decreased (P<0.001), while the expression of IL-33 and ST2 protein in the hippocampal tissue, the positive expression of IL-33/Iba-1, ST2/Iba-1 and Arg1/Iba-1 in hippocampal CA1 region were all increased (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.001).
Conclusions: Moxibustion can improve the spatial learning and memory abilities, reduce the pathological deposition of Aβ and p-Tau in APP/PS1 mice, which may be related to its function in up-regulating the IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway to regulate the polarization of microglia towards M2 direction.
目的观察艾灸通过白细胞介素-33（IL-33）/生长刺激基因2蛋白（ST2）信号通路对阿尔茨海默病（AD）小鼠小胶质细胞向M2方向极化的影响：将5月龄APP/PS1雄性小鼠随机分为模型组和艾灸组，同龄C57BL/6J小鼠为对照组，每组9只。在灸组中，艾灸 "百会"（GV20）和 "涌泉"（KI1），每次30分钟，每天1次，每周5天，连续4周。通过莫里斯水迷宫试验观察小鼠的空间学习记忆能力。用 Western 印迹法检测海马中 IL-33 和 ST2 的相对表达。免疫荧光法检测海马CA1区淀粉样β（Aβ）、磷酸化Tau（p-Tau）、IL-33/电离钙结合适配分子1（Iba-1）、ST2/Iba-1、精氨酸酶1（Arg1）/Iba-1和诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）/Iba-1的阳性表达：结果：与对照组相比，模型组小鼠的逃逸潜伏期延长（PPPPPPPPPPPPP结论：艾灸可以改善小鼠的逃逸潜伏期：艾灸可以改善APP/PS1小鼠的空间学习和记忆能力，减少Aβ和p-Tau的病理沉积，这可能与其上调IL-33/ST2信号通路以调节小胶质细胞向M2方向极化的功能有关。
{"title":"Moxibustion influences hippocampal microglia polarization via IL-33/ST2 pathway in Alzheimer's disease mice.","authors":"Hong-Ying Li, Yuan Shen, Lu-Shuang Xie, Qiao-Feng Wu, Shu-Guang Yu","doi":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20220877","DOIUrl":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20220877","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To observe the effect of moxibustion on the polarization of microglia towards M2 direction in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice through the interleukin-33 (IL-33)/growth stimulating gene 2 protein (ST2) signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five-month-old APP/PS1 male mice were randomly divided into model and moxibustion (Moxi) groups, and C57BL/6J mice of the same age were as the control group, with 9 mice in each group. In the Moxi group, moxibustion was applied at \"Baihui\" (GV20) and \"Yongquan\" (KI1) for 30 min, once a day, 5 days a week for 4 weeks. The spatial learning memory ability was observed by the Morris water maze test. The relative expressions of IL-33 and ST2 in hippocampus were detected by Western blot. The positive expression of amyloid-β (Aβ), phosphorylated Tau (p-Tau), IL-33/ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1(Iba-1), ST2/Iba-1, arginase 1 (Arg1)/Iba-1 and indu-cible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)/Iba-1 in hippocampal CA1 region were detected by immunofluorescence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the control group, the escape latency of the mice in the model group was prolonged (<i>P</i><0.001, <i>P</i><0.01), the number of times to enter the effective area and the percentage of target quadrant swimming time were reduced (<i>P</i><0.001), the positive expression of both Aβ and p-Tau, the positive expression of iNOS/Iba-1 in the hippocampal CA1 region was increased (<i>P</i><0.001), while the expression of IL-33 and ST2 protein in hippocampal tissue, the positive expression levels of IL-33/Iba-1, ST2/Iba-1 and Arg1/Iba-1 in hippocampal CA1 region were all decreased (<i>P</i><0.05, <i>P</i><0.001). After treatment, compared with the model group, the escape latency of the mice in the moxibustion group was shortened (<i>P</i><0.001, <i>P</i><0.01), the number of entries into the effective area and the percentage of target quadrant swimming time were increased (<i>P</i><0.001), the positive expression of Aβ and p-Tau in the hippocampal CA1 region, and the positive expression of iNOS/Iba-1 were decreased (<i>P</i><0.001), while the expression of IL-33 and ST2 protein in the hippocampal tissue, the positive expression of IL-33/Iba-1, ST2/Iba-1 and Arg1/Iba-1 in hippocampal CA1 region were all increased (<i>P</i><0.05, <i>P</i><0.01, <i>P</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Moxibustion can improve the spatial learning and memory abilities, reduce the pathological deposition of Aβ and p-Tau in APP/PS1 mice, which may be related to its function in up-regulating the IL-33/ST2 signaling pathway to regulate the polarization of microglia towards M2 direction.</p>","PeriodicalId":7170,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139037265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Zusanli"(ST36) on intestinal mucosal damage, intestinal mucosal oxidative stress injury and apoptosis induced by 5-fluorouraeil (5-FU) chemotherapy in colorectal cancer-bearing mice.
Methods: Thirty male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into normal control, colorectal cancer (CT26), 5-FU, non-acupoint and ST36 groups, with 6 mice in each group. Except for those of the normal control group, mice of the remaining 4 groups received subcutaneous implantation of colorectal CT26 cell suspension (0.1 mL) in the right armpit for establishing colorectal cancer model. Rats of the 5-FU group, non-acupoint group and ST36 group were given with 5 mg/mL 5-FU solution once every 3 days for a total of 21 days. For mice of the non-acupoint group and ST36 group, EA (2 Hz, 1-2 mA) was applied to bilateral ST36 or non-acupoints (the bilateral sunken spots about 3 mm to the midpoint between the tail root and the anus) for 5 min after each intraperitoneal infusion of 5-FU, once every 3 days, for a total of 21 days. After the intervention, the diarrhea index was assessed. The length of colon (from the endpoint of cecum to the anal orifice) was measured. Histopathological changes of colonic mucosa were observed by H.E. staining, and the length of colonic villi was measured. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA), and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) of colonic tissue were detected by thibabituric acid, xanthine oxidase and colorimetric method, respectively. The rate of cell apoptosis in the colonic tissue was measured by TUNEL assay. The positive expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 in colonic tissue were determined by immunohistochemistry.
Results: The CT26 model group didn't show any significant changes in the diarrhea index, colon length, colon villus length, MDA content, SOD and GSH-Px activities, colonic cell apoptosis rate, and Bax and Bcl-2 expression levels when compared with the normal group. Compared with the CT26 group, the 5-FU group had a remarkable increase in the diarrhea index, MDA content, colonic cell apoptosis rate and Bax expression level (P<0.01, P<0.05), and a marked decrease in the colon length, colon villus length, SOD and GSH-Px activities and Bcl-2 expression level (P<0.01), suggesting the side effects of administration of 5-FU. Compared with the 5-FU group, the diarrhea index, MDA content, colonic cell apoptosis rate and Bax expression level were markedly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01) and those of the colon length, colon villus length, SOD and GSH-Px activities and Bcl-2 expression level were obviously increased (P<0.01) in the ST36 group. Compared with the 5-FU group, the non-acupoint group also had an increase in the colon villus length, SOD and GSH-Px activities (P<0.01, P<0.05) and a decrease in the cell apoptosis rate
{"title":"Protective effect of electroacupuncture at ST36 against damage of intestinal mucosa, oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by 5-FU chemotherapy in mice with colon cancer.","authors":"Xue-Jun Zhang, Jiu-Mao Lin, Chen-Jie Lin, Jiao Peng, Xiao-Dan Yang, Shi-Lan Chen, Jin-Yan Zhao","doi":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20220841","DOIUrl":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20220841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at \"Zusanli\"(ST36) on intestinal mucosal damage, intestinal mucosal oxidative stress injury and apoptosis induced by 5-fluorouraeil (5-FU) chemotherapy in colorectal cancer-bearing mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into normal control, colorectal cancer (CT26), 5-FU, non-acupoint and ST36 groups, with 6 mice in each group. Except for those of the normal control group, mice of the remaining 4 groups received subcutaneous implantation of colorectal CT26 cell suspension (0.1 mL) in the right armpit for establishing colorectal cancer model. Rats of the 5-FU group, non-acupoint group and ST36 group were given with 5 mg/mL 5-FU solution once every 3 days for a total of 21 days. For mice of the non-acupoint group and ST36 group, EA (2 Hz, 1-2 mA) was applied to bilateral ST36 or non-acupoints (the bilateral sunken spots about 3 mm to the midpoint between the tail root and the anus) for 5 min after each intraperitoneal infusion of 5-FU, once every 3 days, for a total of 21 days. After the intervention, the diarrhea index was assessed. The length of colon (from the endpoint of cecum to the anal orifice) was measured. Histopathological changes of colonic mucosa were observed by H.E. staining, and the length of colonic villi was measured. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA), and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) of colonic tissue were detected by thibabituric acid, xanthine oxidase and colorimetric method, respectively. The rate of cell apoptosis in the colonic tissue was measured by TUNEL assay. The positive expressions of Bax and Bcl-2 in colonic tissue were determined by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CT26 model group didn't show any significant changes in the diarrhea index, colon length, colon villus length, MDA content, SOD and GSH-Px activities, colonic cell apoptosis rate, and Bax and Bcl-2 expression levels when compared with the normal group<b>.</b> Compared with the CT26 group, the 5-FU group had a remarkable increase in the diarrhea index, MDA content, colonic cell apoptosis rate and Bax expression level (<i>P</i><0.01, <i>P</i><0.05), and a marked decrease in the colon length, colon villus length, SOD and GSH-Px activities and Bcl-2 expression level (<i>P</i><0.01), suggesting the side effects of administration of 5-FU. Compared with the 5-FU group, the diarrhea index, MDA content, colonic cell apoptosis rate and Bax expression level were markedly decreased (<i>P</i><0.05, <i>P</i><0.01) and those of the colon length, colon villus length, SOD and GSH-Px activities and Bcl-2 expression level were obviously increased (<i>P</i><0.01) in the ST36 group. Compared with the 5-FU group, the non-acupoint group also had an increase in the colon villus length, SOD and GSH-Px activities (<i>P</i><0.01, <i>P</i><0.05) and a decrease in the cell apoptosis rate","PeriodicalId":7170,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139037267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20230434
Zhao-Xian Wang, Liang-Jun Xia, Jing-Yu Liu, Chu-Ting Cui, Jie Cheng, Jie Shen, You-Bing Xia
Objectives: To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture(EA) combined with bone marrow mesen-chymal stem cells(BMSCs) transplantation on the endometrium of rats with intrauterine adhesions(IUA), so as to explore the possible mechanisms underlying their combined therapeutic effects.
Methods: Forty adult female SD rats were randomly divided into control, model, cell, and combined groups. The IUA rat model was established using a dual injury method of mechanical scratching and lipopolysaccharide infection. After successful modeling, on days 1, 3, and 7, rats in the model group received tail vein injection of phosphate buffered solution, while rats in the cell group received tail vein injection of BMSCs suspension for BMSCs transplantation；and rats in the combined group received BMSCs transplantation combined with EA treatment (2 Hz/15 Hz, 1-2 mA), targeting the "Guanyuan"(CV4), bilateral "Zusanli"(ST36) and "Sanyinjiao"(SP6) for 20 min daily for 3 consecutive estrous cycles. After intervention, uterine tissue was collected from 5 rats in each group. Histological analysis was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining to evaluate endometrial thickness and glandular number. Masson staining was used to assess endometrial fibrosis area. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the positive expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), and estrogen receptor(ER). Western blot analysis was conducted to determine the protein expressions of homeobox A10(HoxA10) and leukemia inhibitory factor(LIF), both key regulators of endometrial receptivity. The remaining 5 rats in each group were co-housed with male rats, and the uterine function recovery was evaluated by assessing the number of embryo implantations.
Results: Compared with the control group, the model group showed thinning endometrium(P<0.001), decreased glandular number(P<0.001), increased endometrial fibrosis area(P<0.001), reduced positive expressions of VEGF, PCNA, ER, expressions of HoxA10 and LIF, and decreased embryo implantation number (P<0.001) on the injured side of the uterus. Compared with the model group, the combined group showed a reversal of the aforementioned indicators(P<0.001, P<0.01)；the cell group exhibited thicker endometrium(P<0.001) and reduced endometrial fibrosis area(P<0.001). Compared with the cell group, the combined group showed increased endometrial thickness(P<0.01), elevated glandular number(P<0.05), significantly decreased endometrial fibrosis area(P<0.05), enhanced positive expressions of VEGF, PCNA and ER, expressions of HoxA10 and LIF in the endometrium, and a significant increase in embryo implantation number (P<0.001, P<0.05, P<0.01) on the injured side of the uterus, indicating better results than the cell group.
{"title":"Synergistic effects of electroacupuncture and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on rat intrauterine adhesion： an observation.","authors":"Zhao-Xian Wang, Liang-Jun Xia, Jing-Yu Liu, Chu-Ting Cui, Jie Cheng, Jie Shen, You-Bing Xia","doi":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20230434","DOIUrl":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20230434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture(EA) combined with bone marrow mesen-chymal stem cells(BMSCs) transplantation on the endometrium of rats with intrauterine adhesions(IUA), so as to explore the possible mechanisms underlying their combined therapeutic effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty adult female SD rats were randomly divided into control, model, cell, and combined groups. The IUA rat model was established using a dual injury method of mechanical scratching and lipopolysaccharide infection. After successful modeling, on days 1, 3, and 7, rats in the model group received tail vein injection of phosphate buffered solution, while rats in the cell group received tail vein injection of BMSCs suspension for BMSCs transplantation；and rats in the combined group received BMSCs transplantation combined with EA treatment (2 Hz/15 Hz, 1-2 mA), targeting the \"Guanyuan\"(CV4), bilateral \"Zusanli\"(ST36) and \"Sanyinjiao\"(SP6) for 20 min daily for 3 consecutive estrous cycles. After intervention, uterine tissue was collected from 5 rats in each group. Histological analysis was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining to evaluate endometrial thickness and glandular number. Masson staining was used to assess endometrial fibrosis area. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the positive expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), and estrogen receptor(ER). Western blot analysis was conducted to determine the protein expressions of homeobox A10(HoxA10) and leukemia inhibitory factor(LIF), both key regulators of endometrial receptivity. The remaining 5 rats in each group were co-housed with male rats, and the uterine function recovery was evaluated by assessing the number of embryo implantations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the control group, the model group showed thinning endometrium(<i>P</i><0.001), decreased glandular number(<i>P</i><0.001), increased endometrial fibrosis area(<i>P</i><0.001), reduced positive expressions of VEGF, PCNA, ER, expressions of HoxA10 and LIF, and decreased embryo implantation number (<i>P</i><0.001) on the injured side of the uterus. Compared with the model group, the combined group showed a reversal of the aforementioned indicators(<i>P</i><0.001, <i>P</i><0.01)；the cell group exhibited thicker endometrium(<i>P</i><0.001) and reduced endometrial fibrosis area(<i>P</i><0.001). Compared with the cell group, the combined group showed increased endometrial thickness(<i>P</i><0.01), elevated glandular number(<i>P</i><0.05), significantly decreased endometrial fibrosis area(<i>P</i><0.05), enhanced positive expressions of VEGF, PCNA and ER, expressions of HoxA10 and LIF in the endometrium, and a significant increase in embryo implantation number (<i>P</i><0.001, <i>P</i><0.05, <i>P</i><0.01) on the injured side of the uterus, indicating better results than the cell group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: ","PeriodicalId":7170,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139037269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: To compare the effects of 2 Hz continuous wave and 2 Hz/100 Hz dilatational wave setting in electroacupuncture(EA) on ovulation frequency, hormone levels, body fat parameters, quality of life and depression-anxiety level in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients with abdominal obesity.
Methods: PCOS patients with abdominal obesity were randomly divided into low-frequency group (n=29) and dilatational wave group (n=29). Patients in both groups were treated with "Tongtiaodaimai" (regulating Dai Meridian) acupuncture therapy, and EA was applied to bilateral Daimai (GB26), Tianshu (ST25), Shenshu (BL23) and Ciliao (BL32). The low-frequency group received EA using a continuous wave at a frequency of 2 Hz, while the dilatational wave group received dilatational wave at a frequency of 2 Hz/100 Hz. Both groups received treatment for 30 min each time, 3 times per week for 12 consecutive weeks. Ovulation frequency was calculated according to the ovulation cycle. The contents of serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were detected with electrochemiluminescence method. Body weight (BW) and waist circumference (WC) were measured, and body mass index (BMI) and waist-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. PCOS questionnaire (Chi-PCOSQ), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were evaluated.
Results: Compared with before treatment, both the low-frequency group and the dilatational wave group showed an increase in ovulation frequency (P<0.01, P<0.05), and a decrease in BW, BMI, WC, WHtR, and SDS score (P<0.01, P<0.05)；the dilatational wave group showed decreased serum AMH contents (P<0.05) and increased serum SHBG contents (P<0.05), the scores related to acne, fatigue, and dysmenorrhea in the Chi-PCOSQ increased (P<0.01, P<0.05). Compared with the low-frequency group, the dilatational wave group showed a reduction (P<0.05) in WC after treatment.
Conclusions: 2 Hz/100 Hz dilatational wave EA is equally effective as 2 Hz low-frequency EA in improving ovulation frequency. In terms of reducing WC in abdominal obesity type PCOS patients, 2 Hz/100 Hz dilatational wave EA is superior to 2 Hz low-frequency EA. 2 Hz/100 Hz dilatational wave EA can decrease serum AMH, increase serum SHBG, and improve symptoms of acne, fatigue, and dysmenorrhea.
目的比较电针中2赫兹连续波和2赫兹/100赫兹扩张波对多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）腹型肥胖患者的排卵频率、激素水平、体脂指标、生活质量和抑郁焦虑水平的影响：方法：将腹部肥胖的多囊卵巢综合征患者随机分为低频组（29 人）和扩张波组（29 人）。两组患者均接受 "通调督脉 "针刺治疗，EA作用于双侧岱庙（GB26）、天枢（ST25）、神阙（BL23）和敕律（BL32）。低频组接受频率为 2 赫兹的连续波 EA，而扩张波组接受频率为 2 赫兹/100 赫兹的扩张波。两组均接受治疗，每次 30 分钟，每周 3 次，连续 12 周。根据排卵周期计算排卵频率。用电化学发光法检测血清中抗穆勒氏管激素（AMH）和性激素结合球蛋白（SHBG）的含量。测量体重（BW）和腰围（WC），计算体重指数（BMI）和腰高比（WHtR）。对多囊卵巢综合征问卷（Chi-PCOSQ）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表（SDS）进行了评估：与治疗前相比，低频组和扩张波组的排卵频率均有所增加（PPPPPPPPP结论：低频组的排卵频率高于扩张波组，而扩张波组的排卵频率高于低频组）：在改善排卵频率方面，2 赫兹/100 赫兹扩张波 EA 与 2 赫兹低频 EA 具有同等效果。在降低腹部肥胖型多囊卵巢综合症患者的 WC 方面，2 赫兹/100 赫兹扩张波 EA 优于 2 赫兹低频 EA。2 赫兹/100 赫兹扩张波 EA 可降低血清 AMH，提高血清 SHBG，改善痤疮、疲劳和痛经症状。
{"title":"Comparison of the efficacy of different frequency electroacupuncture in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome patients with abdominal obesity.","authors":"Ling-Yu Shen, Xiao-Fei Fu, Qin Zeng, Xue-Wen Mao, Qiu-Yang Hong, Xiao-Jing Liu, Huan-Qin Li, Hui Hu","doi":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20230575","DOIUrl":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20230575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare the effects of 2 Hz continuous wave and 2 Hz/100 Hz dilatational wave setting in electroacupuncture(EA) on ovulation frequency, hormone levels, body fat parameters, quality of life and depression-anxiety level in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients with abdominal obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PCOS patients with abdominal obesity were randomly divided into low-frequency group (<i>n</i>=29) and dilatational wave group (<i>n</i>=29). Patients in both groups were treated with \"Tongtiaodaimai\" (regulating Dai Meridian) acupuncture therapy, and EA was applied to bilateral Daimai (GB26), Tianshu (ST25), Shenshu (BL23) and Ciliao (BL32). The low-frequency group received EA using a continuous wave at a frequency of 2 Hz, while the dilatational wave group received dilatational wave at a frequency of 2 Hz/100 Hz. Both groups received treatment for 30 min each time, 3 times per week for 12 consecutive weeks. Ovulation frequency was calculated according to the ovulation cycle. The contents of serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were detected with electrochemiluminescence method. Body weight (BW) and waist circumference (WC) were measured, and body mass index (BMI) and waist-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. PCOS questionnaire (Chi-PCOSQ), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with before treatment, both the low-frequency group and the dilatational wave group showed an increase in ovulation frequency (<i>P</i><0.01, <i>P</i><0.05), and a decrease in BW, BMI, WC, WHtR, and SDS score (<i>P</i><0.01, <i>P</i><0.05)；the dilatational wave group showed decreased serum AMH contents (<i>P</i><0.05) and increased serum SHBG contents (<i>P</i><0.05), the scores related to acne, fatigue, and dysmenorrhea in the Chi-PCOSQ increased (<i>P</i><0.01, <i>P</i><0.05). Compared with the low-frequency group, the dilatational wave group showed a reduction (<i>P</i><0.05) in WC after treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>2 Hz/100 Hz dilatational wave EA is equally effective as 2 Hz low-frequency EA in improving ovulation frequency. In terms of reducing WC in abdominal obesity type PCOS patients, 2 Hz/100 Hz dilatational wave EA is superior to 2 Hz low-frequency EA. 2 Hz/100 Hz dilatational wave EA can decrease serum AMH, increase serum SHBG, and improve symptoms of acne, fatigue, and dysmenorrhea.</p>","PeriodicalId":7170,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139037340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: To investigate the effect of "Tongdu Qishen" acupuncture［dredging the Govern Vessel and normalizing mental activities, electroacupuncture (EA) of "Baihui" (GV20), "Yintang" (EX-HN3) and "Shuigou" (GV26) needling］on the learning-memory ability and the mechanism of ferroptosis in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice.
Methods: Twenty-four male APPswe/PS1dE9 mice were randomly and equally divided into model group and EA group, and 12 normal C57BL/6 mice were used as the control group. In the EA group, EA (2 Hz/100 Hz, 20 min) was applied to GV20 and EX-HN3 in combination with manual acupuncture stimulation of GV26. The treatment was performed once a day, for a total of 28 days. The mice in the three groups were given the same fixation and grasping operation. Morris water maze swimming tests were used to assess the mice's learning-memory ability. Nissl staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the morphological changes of neurons in the hippocampus. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the hippocampus tissue was detected by superoxide anionic colorimetric assay kit (WST-1), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were detected by thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method. The expression levels of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (ptgs2) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) mRNA in the hippocampus were detected by fluorescent quantitative real-time PCR.
Results: Behavioral results showed that compared with the control group, the escape latencies at the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th day of Morris water maze swimming test were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the swimming time in the original platform quadrant and the times of cros-sing the original platform were considerably decreased (P<0.05) in the model group. In comparison with the model group, the escape latencies at the 4th and 5th day were strikingly decreased (P<0.05), and the swimming time in the original platform quadrant and times of crossing the original platform significantly increased (P<0.05) in the EA group. Following modeling, the SOD activity and the expression of GPX4 mRNA were obviously down-regulated (P<0.05), and the content of MDA and the expression of ptgs2 mRNA significantly up-regulated (P<0.05) in the model group rele-vant to the control group. The SOD activity and the expression of GPX4 mRNA were apparently increased (P<0.05), and the content of MDA and the expression of ptgs2 mRNA remarkably down-regulated (P<0.05) in the EA group rele-vant to the model group. Histopathological and ultrastructural results showed scattered arrangement of cells, widened space among cells, reduction in the number of cells, and many shrunk of dissolved nucleoli, shrunking and incomplete mitochondria, and high membrane electron density in the hippocampus of the model group, which was re
{"title":"Effect of \"Tongdu Qishen\" acupuncture on expressions of ferroptosis-related factors in the hippocampus of APPswe/PS1dE9 Mice.","authors":"Yi-Tong Li, Yu Chen, Xiao-Ming Gao, Ting Li, Meng Wu, Zhi-Gang Li","doi":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20221056","DOIUrl":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20221056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the effect of \"Tongdu Qishen\" acupuncture［dredging the Govern Vessel and normalizing mental activities, electroacupuncture (EA) of \"Baihui\" (GV20), \"Yintang\" (EX-HN3) and \"Shuigou\" (GV26) needling］on the learning-memory ability and the mechanism of ferroptosis in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four male APPswe/PS1dE9 mice were randomly and equally divided into model group and EA group, and 12 normal C57BL/6 mice were used as the control group. In the EA group, EA (2 Hz/100 Hz, 20 min) was applied to GV20 and EX-HN3 in combination with manual acupuncture stimulation of GV26. The treatment was performed once a day, for a total of 28 days. The mice in the three groups were given the same fixation and grasping operation. Morris water maze swimming tests were used to assess the mice's learning-memory ability. Nissl staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the morphological changes of neurons in the hippocampus. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the hippocampus tissue was detected by superoxide anionic colorimetric assay kit (WST-1), and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were detected by thiobarbituric acid (TBA) method. The expression levels of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 (ptgs2) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) mRNA in the hippocampus were detected by fluorescent quantitative real-time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Behavioral results showed that compared with the control group, the escape latencies at the 2<sup>nd</sup>, 3<sup>rd</sup>, 4<sup>th</sup> and 5<sup>th</sup> day of Morris water maze swimming test were significantly increased (<i>P</i><0.05), and the swimming time in the original platform quadrant and the times of cros-sing the original platform were considerably decreased (<i>P</i><0.05) in the model group. In comparison with the model group, the escape latencies at the 4<sup>th</sup> and 5<sup>th</sup> day were strikingly decreased (<i>P</i><0.05), and the swimming time in the original platform quadrant and times of crossing the original platform significantly increased (<i>P</i><0.05) in the EA group. Following modeling, the SOD activity and the expression of GPX4 mRNA were obviously down-regulated (<i>P</i><0.05), and the content of MDA and the expression of ptgs2 mRNA significantly up-regulated (<i>P</i><0.05) in the model group rele-vant to the control group. The SOD activity and the expression of GPX4 mRNA were apparently increased (<i>P</i><0.05), and the content of MDA and the expression of ptgs2 mRNA remarkably down-regulated (<i>P</i><0.05) in the EA group rele-vant to the model group. Histopathological and ultrastructural results showed scattered arrangement of cells, widened space among cells, reduction in the number of cells, and many shrunk of dissolved nucleoli, shrunking and incomplete mitochondria, and high membrane electron density in the hippocampus of the model group, which was re","PeriodicalId":7170,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139037341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20221141
Xin-Yan Gao, Nan Zhang, Kun Liu, Han-Qing Xi, Yun Liu, Xun He, Shu Han, Bing Zhu
Objectives: To explore the neural mechanism of visceral pain and related somatic (acupoints) sensitization by using in vivo calcium imaging of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons.
Methods: Eight BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control and model groups, with 4 mice in each group. The colitis model was induced by colorectal perfusion of 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) once daily for 7 days. Mice of the control group received colorectal perfusion of normal saline once daily for 7 days. The location and area of the somatic neurogenic inflammation (cutaneous exudation of Evans blue ［EB］) of the 2 groups of mice were observed after intravenous injection of EB. For pain behavioral tests, sixteen C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control and model groups, with 8 mice in each group, and a Von Frey filament was used to stimulate the referred somatic reactive regions in colitis mice, and the number of avoidance and paw withdraw reaction within 10 tests was recorded. For in vivo DRG calcium imaging tests, 24 Pirt-GCaMP6s transgenic mice were randomly and equally divided into control group and colitis model group. The responses of the neurons in L6 or L4 DRG to colorectal distension (CRD), lower back brushing, or mechanical stimulation at the hindpaw were observed using confocal fluorescence microscope.
Results: Compared with the control group, the area of EB exudation spot in the hindpaw and lower back regions was increased in the colitis model group (P<0.05), and the avoidance or paw withdraw numbers induced by Von Frey stimulation at the lower back and hindpaw were increased (P<0.01, P<0.05), indicating that colitis induced regional skin (acupoints) sensitization in the lower back and hindpaw regions. Compared with the control group, the percentage of L6 DRG neurons activated by 60 mm Hg CRD in the colitis model mice were apparently increased (P<0.01), the activated neurons mainly involved the medium-sized DRG neurons (P<0.01). In Pirt-GCaMP6s transgenic mice, following brushing the skin of the receptive field (lower back) of L6 DRG neurons, the fluorescence intensity of the brushing-activated DRG neurons and small, medium and large-sized neurons were significantly higher in the colitis model group than those in the control group (P<0.001, P<0.01, P<0.05). After brushing and clamping the skin of the right hindpaw (receptive field of L4 DRG neurons), the percentages of the activated L4 DRG neurons were obviously higher in the colitis model group than those in the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05), while there were no significant changes in the proportion of small, medium and large-sized neurons between the control and colitis model groups.
Conclusions: Colitis may lead to body surface sensitization at the same and adjacent neuro-segments as well as to
{"title":"Peripheral neural mechanism of visceral pain and acupoint sensitization in 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis model mice.","authors":"Xin-Yan Gao, Nan Zhang, Kun Liu, Han-Qing Xi, Yun Liu, Xun He, Shu Han, Bing Zhu","doi":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20221141","DOIUrl":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20221141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the neural mechanism of visceral pain and related somatic (acupoints) sensitization by using <i>in vivo</i> calcium imaging of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight BALB/c mice were randomly divided into control and model groups, with 4 mice in each group. The colitis model was induced by colorectal perfusion of 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) once daily for 7 days. Mice of the control group received colorectal perfusion of normal saline once daily for 7 days. The location and area of the somatic neurogenic inflammation (cutaneous exudation of Evans blue ［EB］) of the 2 groups of mice were observed after intravenous injection of EB. For pain behavioral tests, sixteen C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control and model groups, with 8 mice in each group, and a Von Frey filament was used to stimulate the referred somatic reactive regions in colitis mice, and the number of avoidance and paw withdraw reaction within 10 tests was recorded. For <i>in vivo</i> DRG calcium imaging tests, 24 <i>Pirt</i>-GCaMP6s transgenic mice were randomly and equally divided into control group and colitis model group. The responses of the neurons in L6 or L4 DRG to colorectal distension (CRD), lower back brushing, or mechanical stimulation at the hindpaw were observed using confocal fluorescence microscope.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the control group, the area of EB exudation spot in the hindpaw and lower back regions was increased in the colitis model group (<i>P</i><0.05), and the avoidance or paw withdraw numbers induced by Von Frey stimulation at the lower back and hindpaw were increased (<i>P</i><0.01, <i>P</i><0.05), indicating that colitis induced regional skin (acupoints) sensitization in the lower back and hindpaw regions. Compared with the control group, the percentage of L6 DRG neurons activated by 60 mm Hg CRD in the colitis model mice were apparently increased (<i>P</i><0.01), the activated neurons mainly involved the medium-sized DRG neurons (<i>P</i><0.01). In <i>Pirt</i>-GCaMP6s transgenic mice, following brushing the skin of the receptive field (lower back) of L6 DRG neurons, the fluorescence intensity of the brushing-activated DRG neurons and small, medium and large-sized neurons were significantly higher in the colitis model group than those in the control group (<i>P</i><0.001, <i>P</i><0.01, <i>P</i><0.05). After brushing and clamping the skin of the right hindpaw (receptive field of L4 DRG neurons), the percentages of the activated L4 DRG neurons were obviously higher in the colitis model group than those in the control group (<i>P</i><0.01, <i>P</i><0.05), while there were no significant changes in the proportion of small, medium and large-sized neurons between the control and colitis model groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Colitis may lead to body surface sensitization at the same and adjacent neuro-segments as well as to ","PeriodicalId":7170,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139037266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.13702/j.1000-0607.20220669
Fei-Ye Wu, Jia Zhou, Ke Wang, Tong-Yu Chen
In clinical practice, operative stress varies from surgeries, which may lead to many injuries such as ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), hyperactivation of sympathetic nervous system (SNS), post-traumatic immunosuppression (PTI), hypercoagulation and inflammation. Acupuncture is effective and advantageous in regulating the stress response to surgery. The great progress has been made in recent years of acupuncture research in postoperative visceral IRI, SNS hyperactivation, PTI, hypercoagulation and inflammation. By collecting the relevant evidences of acupuncture in this field, the application value of acupuncture involved in modulating surgical stress response and the progress of mechanism research are explored and summarized.
{"title":"Research progress of acupuncture in the regulation of surgery stress response.","authors":"Fei-Ye Wu, Jia Zhou, Ke Wang, Tong-Yu Chen","doi":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20220669","DOIUrl":"10.13702/j.1000-0607.20220669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In clinical practice, operative stress varies from surgeries, which may lead to many injuries such as ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), hyperactivation of sympathetic nervous system (SNS), post-traumatic immunosuppression (PTI), hypercoagulation and inflammation. Acupuncture is effective and advantageous in regulating the stress response to surgery. The great progress has been made in recent years of acupuncture research in postoperative visceral IRI, SNS hyperactivation, PTI, hypercoagulation and inflammation. By collecting the relevant evidences of acupuncture in this field, the application value of acupuncture involved in modulating surgical stress response and the progress of mechanism research are explored and summarized.</p>","PeriodicalId":7170,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139037268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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