American journal of preventive cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Chronic statin-use before PCI in acute coronary syndromes and in-hospital outcomes: ACCNCDR registry in India","authors":"Rajeev Gupta ,&nbsp;Prashant Dwivedi ,&nbsp;Krishna K Sharma ,&nbsp;Sanjeev K Sharma ,&nbsp;Jitender S Makkar ,&nbsp;Atul Kasliwal ,&nbsp;Vishnu Natani ,&nbsp;Raghubir S Khedar ,&nbsp;Samin K Sharma ,&nbsp;Soneil Guptha","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100999","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100999","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To compare in-hospital major cardiovascular adverse outcomes among chronic statin-user and statin-naïve acute coronary syndrome(ACS) patients following percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Successive patients with ACS who underwent PCI from Sep’17 to Dec’23 were enrolled in a prospective registry. Details of risk factors, presentation, angiography, interventions, and in-hospital outcomes were recorded. Chronic statin use was defined as &gt; 1-month intake before presentation. Primary outcomes were in-hospital all-cause and cardiovascular deaths. Univariate and multivariate odds ratios(OR) and 95 % confidence intervals(CI) were calculated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>8296 patients were enrolled, and ACS was in 7892(STEMI-ST elevation myocardial infarction 3222, non-STEMI/unstable angina 4670). Prior chronic statin use was in 2949(37.4 %), and 4943(62.6 %) were statin naïve. Statin-user vs. statin-naïve patients were older(62±10 vs. 60±11y), with more hypertension(61 vs. 48 %), diabetes(36 vs. 32 %), prior PCI(20 vs 8 %), CABG(5 vs 2 %), beta-blockers(61.7 vs 8.3 %), anti-platelets(92.8 vs 5.3 %), and lower mean total-, LDL-, and non-HDL-cholesterol(<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001); chronic statin users had less STEMI(30 % vs 47 %) and better LVEF(46.5 ± 10 vs 44.5 ± 10 %) at presentation and median hospitalization was shorter(66.3 vs 68.6 h)(<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). In statin-user vs. statin-naïve groups, the incidence of all-cause deaths: 33(1.12 %) vs 85(1.72 %) (OR 0.65, CI 0.43–0.97) and CV deaths: in 29(0.98 %) vs 73(1.47 %) (OR 0.67, CI 0.43–1.02) were lower. The ORs attenuated following multivariate adjustments for risk factors, previous treatments, clinical features, angiographic findings and interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Acute coronary syndrome patients taking pre-admission statins and other cardioprotective medicines have lower in-hospital all-cause deaths. This is associated with less STEMI, better LVEF, and shorter hospitalization in prior statin users.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100999"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic value of triglyceride-glucose index on predicting major adverse cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Iwan Dakota ,&nbsp;Wilbert Huang ,&nbsp;Matthew Aldo Wijayanto ,&nbsp;Apridya Nurhafizah ,&nbsp;Alya Roosrahima Khairunnisa ,&nbsp;Shela Rachmayanti ,&nbsp;Enny Yuliana ,&nbsp;Angela Felicia Sunjaya ,&nbsp;Bambang Budi Siswanto","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Triglyceride- glucose (TyG) index, a marker of insulin resistance, has been shown to be associated with the incidence of cardiometabolic diseases including hypertension. However, the prognostic role of TyG index is unknown. Hence, we aim to determine the association of TyG index with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in hypertensive patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Systematic searching was conducted on 3 databases up till November 2024. We included studies with hypertensive patients despite their comorbidities. Outcome measured is MACE and its individual components. Random effect model meta-analysis is done to pool the results with similar reference point.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty observational studies with a total of 451,455 patients of 40 – 70 years old are included. Meta-analysis result shows that higher TyG index is associated with a statistically significant increased risk of MACE (HR 1.90, CI: 1.41 – 2.57, I² 88 %), myocardial infarction (HR 1.55, CI: 1.27 – 1.88, I² 0 %), stroke (HR 1.84, CI: 1.41 – 2.39, I² 62 %), all- cause mortality (HR 1.86, CI: 1.70 – 2.03, I² 0 %) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 1.08, CI: 1.04 – 1.11, I² 0 %). Subgroups of older and younger population, male and female gender, diabetic and non- diabetic population, and higher BMI patients retains the statistically significant risk of MACE (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). U- shaped phenomena of TyG index is also demonstrated with the risk of all- cause mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>TyG index is a reliable prognostic marker of MACE in hypertensive patients and can be utilized in population despite their age, diabetic status, and gender.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100996"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and impact of abnormal blood pressure on left ventricular hypertrophy in adolescents with congenital heart disease","authors":"Aaron T Walsh ,&nbsp;Kan N Hor ,&nbsp;Mariah Eisner ,&nbsp;Chance Alvarado ,&nbsp;Mahmoud Kallash ,&nbsp;John David Spencer ,&nbsp;Andrew H Tran","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.101001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) secondary to hypertension is associated with cardiovascular events in adulthood. Prevalence of abnormal blood pressure and LVH in youths with congenital heart disease (CHD) is understudied despite childhood hypertension predicting adult hypertension. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of hypertension and LVH in adolescents with CHD and factors associated with LVH in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a retrospective analysis of echocardiogram reports from patients with CHD aged 13–17 years with documented systolic blood pressure (SBP), height, weight, and left ventricular mass (LVM) indexed to body size (LVMI-ht^2.7). Patients were stratified by SBP and CHD type. Hypertension and LVH prevalence were calculated; linear regression models assessed factors associated with LVH.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 853 patients (mean age 15.5 ± 1.5 years, 57.1 % male), 25.1 % had elevated SBP, whereas 11.6 % and 5.7 % had stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension, respectively. LVH was more prevalent with higher SBP (37.4 % elevated, 32.3 % stage 1 hypertension, and 40.7 % stage 2 hypertension) versus 19.6 % normotensive. BMI percentile and SBP were significantly associated with LVMI-ht^2.7; for 10 % BMI percentile and 10 mmHg SBP increases, LVMI-ht^2.7 increased by 1.2 g/m^2.7 and 0.93 g/m^2.7, respectively, after adjustment for age, sex, race, SBP, BMI, and CHD lesion.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Adolescents with CHD have a high prevalence of abnormal SBP and LVH. BMI percentile and SBP were associated with LVMI-ht^2.7. Findings support screening for BMI and hypertension in youths with CHD as this population has increased baseline cardiovascular risk that may be compounded by obesity and chronic hypertension.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 101001"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Independent and joint associations of sedentary behaviour and physical activity with risk of recurrent cardiovascular events in 40,156 Australian adults with coronary heart disease","authors":"Amanda Lönn ,&nbsp;Suzanne J Carroll ,&nbsp;Theo Niyonsenga ,&nbsp;Adrian Bauman ,&nbsp;Rachel Davey ,&nbsp;Robyn Gallagher ,&nbsp;Nicole Freene","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Explore the independent and joint associations between sedentary behaviour and physical activity with cardiovascular events, among individuals with coronary heart disease (CHD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cohort study including Australians ≥45 years with CHD (2006–2020). Time in sedentary behaviour, walking, moderate-, and vigorous- physical activity were self-reported. Cardiovascular events were identified using health registers (2006–2022). Cox proportional hazard regressions explored the association. Restricted cubic splines explored the shape of the association.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were 40,156 individuals included, with a mean age of 70 (SD=10) years old, 62 % men. During a median of 8.3 (IQR = 10.03) years, 3260 non-fatal-, 5161 total cardiac events, and 14,383 major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were recorded. Sedentary behaviour of 7–10.4 h/day was associated with a 15 % lower risk of total cardiac events and MACE compared to ≥ 10.5 h/day. A higher level of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events, with 14–21 % lower risk for 1–149 min/week compared to 0 min/week. A similar pattern was seen for walking and activities at a moderate- or vigorous intensity. The joint association of ≥150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and &lt;7 h/day in sedentary behaviour had the lowest risk (29–48 % lower) for cardiovascular events compared to the reference group. However, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity seems to be of greater importance and partly modifies the risk of sedentary behaviour in the joint association. Sedentary behaviour hours were linearly associated with risks of non-fatal and total cardiac events. Meanwhile time in physical activity had a curvilinear association with cardiovascular events, with the greatest benefits at the beginning of the curve.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>More time in physical activity and less time in sedentary behaviour are associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events. This emphasizes the importance of providing recommendations for both physical activity and sedentary behaviour to people with CHD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100998"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation strategies for improving the care of familial hypercholesterolaemia from the International Atherosclerosis Society: next steps in implementation science and practice","authors":"Mitchell N. Sarkies ,&nbsp;Gerald F. Watts ,&nbsp;Samuel S. Gidding ,&nbsp;Raul D. Santos ,&nbsp;Robert A. Hegele ,&nbsp;Frederick J. Raal ,&nbsp;Amy C. Sturm ,&nbsp;Khalid Al-Rasadi ,&nbsp;Dirk J. Blom ,&nbsp;Magdalena Daccord ,&nbsp;Sarah D. de Ferranti ,&nbsp;Emanuela Folco ,&nbsp;Peter Libby ,&nbsp;Pedro Mata ,&nbsp;Hapizah M. Nawawi ,&nbsp;Uma Ramaswami ,&nbsp;Kausik K. Ray ,&nbsp;Shizuya Yamashita ,&nbsp;Jing Pang ,&nbsp;Gilbert R. Thompson ,&nbsp;Laney K. Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) is the most common monogenic condition associated with premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Early detection and initiation of cholesterol lowering therapy combined with lifestyle changes improves the prognosis of patients with FH significantly. The International Atherosclerosis Society (IAS) published a new guidance for implementing best practice in the care of FH. Previous guidelines and position statements seldom provided implementation recommendations. To address this, an implementation science approach was used to generate implementation strategies for the clinical recommendations made. This process entailed the generation by consensus of strong implementation recommendations according to the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) taxonomy. A total of 80 general and specific implementation recommendations were generated, addressing detection (screening, diagnosis, genetic testing and counselling) and management (risk stratification, treatment of adults or children with heterozygous or homozygous FH, therapy during pregnancy and use of apheresis) of patients with FH. We describe here the IAS guidance core implementation strategies to assist with the adoption of clinical recommendations into routine practice for at-risk patients and families worldwide. We summarise the IAS guidance core implementation strategies as operative statements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100993"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143842635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of PREVENT equations for cardiovascular risk prediction in young patients with myocardial infarction: From the MGB YOUNG-MI registry","authors":"Avinainder Singh ,&nbsp;Arthur Shiyovich ,&nbsp;Camila Veronica Freire ,&nbsp;Gary Peng ,&nbsp;Stephanie A. Besser ,&nbsp;Adam N. Berman ,&nbsp;Brittany N. Weber ,&nbsp;Daniel M. Huck ,&nbsp;Rhanderson Cardoso ,&nbsp;Cian P. McCarthy ,&nbsp;Khurram Nasir ,&nbsp;Marcelo F. DiCarli ,&nbsp;Deepak L. Bhatt ,&nbsp;Ron Blankstein","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Predicting cardiovascular risk in young adults remains challenging. The newly developed PREVENT equations offers several advantages for short and long-term cardiovascular risk prediction.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine how often PREVENT equations identify increased cardiovascular risk among young adults who experience premature myocardial infarction compared with existing risk calculators</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The YOUNG-MI registry is a retrospective cohort from two large academic centers, which included individuals who experienced an MI at age ≤ 50 years. Study physicians adjudicated diagnosis of Type 1 MI. Cardiovascular risk was estimated by pooled cohort equations and PREVENT equations based on data available prior to MI or at the time of presentation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study cohort included 1149 individuals with a median age of 45 years and 19 % women. The median 10-year ASCVD risk calculated by pooled cohort equations and 2023 PREVENT equations was 4.6 % and 2.3 %, respectively. Using the 10-year ASCVD risk estimates from the 2023 PREVENT equations, only 33 (3 %) individuals met the 7.5 % threshold while 93 (8 %) met the 5 % threshold and 333 (29 %) met the 3 % threshold. For 30-year ASCVD risk using PREVENT, 827 (72 %) met a threshold of ≥ 10 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The PREVENT equations may lead to undertreatment of young adults who experienced an MI. Using the 30-year risk PREVENT equations may improve long-term risk assessment in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100992"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Life's Essential 8 with risk of incident cardiovascular disease and mortality among adults with chronic kidney disease","authors":"Zhenyu Huo ,&nbsp;Jinfeng Li ,&nbsp;Shunming Zhang ,&nbsp;Liuxin Li ,&nbsp;Jingdi Zhang ,&nbsp;Yiran Xu ,&nbsp;Aitian Wang ,&nbsp;Shuohua Chen ,&nbsp;Jun Feng ,&nbsp;Zhangling Chen ,&nbsp;Shouling Wu ,&nbsp;Tingting Geng ,&nbsp;Zhe Huang ,&nbsp;Jingli Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The American Heart Association recently released an updated algorithm for evaluating cardiovascular health (CVH), Life's Essential 8 (LE8). However, few studies have examined the association of LE8 with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality among individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated whether LE8 was associated with subsequent risk of CVD and mortality in the Chinese population of adults with CKD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective study included 18,716 adults (55.4 ± 14.0 years, 77.9 % men) with CKD free of CVD at baseline from the Kailuan study. A LE8 score (range 0–100 points) was constructed based on diet, physical activity, smoking, sleep duration, body mass index, blood lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure. Incident CVD and mortality were identified by electronic health records and registers. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to compute hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During a median follow-up of 14.0 and 14.4 years, 2117 cases of CVD and 4190 deaths were documented. After adjusting for potential confounders, comparing the high LE8 score (80–100 points) to the low LE8 score (&lt;50 points), the multivariable HRs (95 % CIs) were 0.28 (0.20, 0.40) for CVD, 0.14 (0.06, 0.34) for myocardial infarction, 0.35 (0.25, 0.50) for total stroke, and 0.68 (0.56, 0.83) for all-cause mortality, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Among patients with CKD, greater adherence to CVH, as defined by LE8, was significantly associated with a lower risk of CVD and all-cause mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100994"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in statin use following identification of coronary artery calcium","authors":"Charlotte C. Ellberg ,&nbsp;Kavenpreet Bal ,&nbsp;Edward Duran ,&nbsp;Michael H. Criqui ,&nbsp;Michael D. Shapiro ,&nbsp;Harpreet S. Bhatia","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring is a useful tool for risk stratification in asymptomatic individuals, and current clinical practice is to utilize statins in individuals with CAC. A growing body of research has aimed to identify and mitigate health disparities and their relation to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Likewise, studies have highlighted social determinants of health (SDOH) that contribute to health disparities in CVD.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We aimed to evaluate whether disparities exist with regards to statin use after identification of CAC within the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The associations between race/ethnicity, age, sex, primary language, and an aggregate SDOH score (calculated using previously defined methods) with statin use at short- and long-term follow-up were evaluated in logistic regression models with adjustment for traditional CVD risk factors in individuals with baseline CAC&gt;0 without baseline statin use.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the overall cohort, 3416 participants had CAC = 0, 1794 CAC 1–99, 757 CAC 100–300, and 847 CAC&gt;300 AU Mean age was 62 (10.2) years, 53 % (<em>n</em> = 3601) were women, 38.5 % (<em>n</em> = 2622) were non-Hispanic White, 27.8 % (<em>n</em> = 1892) were non-Hispanic Black, 22.0 % (<em>n</em> = 1892) were Hispanic and 11.8 % (<em>n</em> = 1892) were Chinese. At short-term follow up (median 1.6 years, <em>n</em> = 2665), those with a higher SDOH score (worse burden) (OR 0.39, 95 % CI 0.16–0.91), Hispanic (OR 0.59, 95 % CI 0.40–0.85) and Spanish speaking individuals (OR 0.51, 95 % CI 0.30–0.83) were less likely to report statin use following CAC identification. At long-term follow up (median 9.4 years, <em>n</em> = 2533), Black individuals (OR 0.71, 95 % CI 0.52–0.96), Chinese (OR 0.58, 95 % CI 0.39–0.86) and Chinese speaking individuals (OR 0.50, 95 % CI 0.33–0.76) were also less likely to report statin use following CAC identification, and a trend was noted for SDOH score (OR 0.53, 95 % CI 0.26–1.09).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study identifies disparities in statin use by race/ethnicity, language, and social determinants of health after identification of CAC. While CAC is an effective tool for identifying atherosclerosis in asymptomatic individuals, more equitable use of subsequent therapy is needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100990"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of American heart association's ¨ Life's Essential 8¨ in a cohort of Latino women","authors":"Paola Varleta ,&nbsp;Mónica Acevedo ,&nbsp;Giovanna Valentino ,&nbsp;Carolina Casas-Cordero ,&nbsp;Amalia Berríos ,&nbsp;Rosario López-Infante","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100988","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100988","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) construct has recently been updated to ¨ Life's Essential 8¨(LE8).</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>to determine LE8′s prevalence and its association with sociodemographic and socioeconomic determinants in a Latino women cohort in Santiago de Chile.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional study on 619 women between 35 and 70 years old, representing 1.359.509 women (after expansion factors). LE8 was assessed through a survey on demographic and CV risk factors, as well as anthropometric, blood pressure, and biochemical measurements. The overall LE8 score was estimated for all participants, ranging from 0 to 100 (≥80 points, high CVH and &lt; 50 points, low CVH). Besides, the score for each metric was determined. A descriptive analysis was performed with sample weights for the overall sample, and stratified by age, education, family income level and civil status. A regression analysis was performed adjusted by age group, family income and education level to determine the association of sociodemographic variables with LE8 score.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean overall LE8 score was 62.7 points. Only 11.5 % had a high LE8, while 18.2 % had a low score. The best-accomplished metrics were blood glucose and physical activity (PA); the worst were diet and nicotine exposure. The adjusted regression analysis showed significantly higher scores for younger age (+3.2 points for &lt;45yo, p &lt; 0.05) and higher education level (+5 points, p &lt; 0.01 and +12 points, p = 0.000,1 for high school and tertiary education, respectively). Higher LE8 scores in women with high education level were significantly driven by improvements in 5 metrics (lipids, blood pressure, body mass index, diet and PA).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Nearly 1 out of 9 women from Santiago had an ideal LE8 score. Years of education are crucial determinants in the fight to get an ideal CVH.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100988"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence-based SGLT2 inhibitor and GLP-1 receptor agonist use by race in the VA healthcare system","authors":"Demetria M. Bolden ,&nbsp;Vanessa Richardson ,&nbsp;Taufiq Salahuddin ,&nbsp;Kamal Henderson ,&nbsp;Paul L. Hess ,&nbsp;Sridharan Raghavan ,&nbsp;David R. Saxon ,&nbsp;P. Michael Ho ,&nbsp;Stephen W. Waldo ,&nbsp;Gregory G. Schwartz","doi":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajpc.2025.100966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Importance</h3><div>Adoption of novel therapeutics often lags for Black versus non-Hispanic White patients. Seminal clinical trials established the cardiovascular efficacy of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, it is uncertain whether race influences the evidence-based prescription of these agents.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine whether evidence-based prescription of SGLT2i or GLP-1RA differs by Black versus White race in the Veterans Affairs (VA) healthcare system.</div></div><div><h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3><div>Retrospective cohort study of US Veterans with T2D and angiographically confirmed coronary artery disease (CAD) at 84 VA medical centers over the period 2015–2023. Data from the VA Clinical Assessment, Reporting, and Tracking Program were used to construct cohorts eligible for SGLT2i or GLP-1RA treatment based on eligibility criteria for the seminal Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in T2D (EMPA-REG OUTCOME) or the Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes (LEADER) trial, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression estimated adjusted odds of trial-concordant SGLT2i or GLP-1RA prescription by race.</div></div><div><h3>Exposures</h3><div>Self-identified race.</div></div><div><h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3><div>SGLT2i or GLP-1RA prescription among those with an evidence-based (trial-concordant) indication.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 63,561 Veterans with T2D and CAD, 3527 Black and 18,668 White patients met criteria for trial-concordant SGLT2i treatment and 2020 Black and 10,103 White patients for GLP1-RA treatment. Trial-concordant prescription of both classes increased over time for both races but reached only 42 % for SGLT2i and 15 % for GLP1-RA in 2023. Black versus White race was not associated with evidence-based SGLT2i prescription (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.96, 95 % CI 0.89–1.04, <em>P</em> = 0.32). However, Black Veterans were less likely than White to be provided with a trial-concordant GLP1-RA prescription (adjusted OR 0.85, 95 % CI 0.74–0.98, <em>P</em> = 0.025).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3><div>Among patients with T2D and CAD in the VA healthcare system, evidence-based SGLT2i and GLP1-RA prescription increased over time, but many eligible patients remained untreated. Although SGLT2i prescription did not differ by race, Black versus White Veterans were less likely to receive evidence-based GLP1-RA prescription. Racial disparities in evidence-based cardiovascular drug prescription exist even in a healthcare system with few economic barriers and may be drug class-specific.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72173,"journal":{"name":"American journal of preventive cardiology","volume":"22 ","pages":"Article 100966"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}