Abstarct The frequency of hypersensitive illnesses in most industrialized nations has expanded. Albeit the specific components behind this fast expansion in pervasiveness stay dubious an assortment of air pollutants have been standing out as one causative factor. Epidemiological and toxicological exploration recommends a causative connection between air pollutants and the expanded occurrence of asthma, hypersensitive rhinitis, hives and other skin allergies problems. These incorporate ozone, nitrogen dioxide and, particularly particulate matter, created by traffic-related and modern exercises. Solid epidemiological proof backings a connection between air pollution and the intensification of asthma, aero-allergies and skin allergies. Most of the allergies mainly skin are untreatable except that they can be suppressed by steroids and vaccination (a long term treatment).
{"title":"Air Pollution and Boosting Skin and Aero-Allergies","authors":"Linta Khalid, S. Riaz","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650069","url":null,"abstract":"Abstarct The frequency of hypersensitive illnesses in most industrialized nations has expanded. Albeit the specific components behind this fast expansion in pervasiveness stay dubious an assortment of air pollutants have been standing out as one causative factor. Epidemiological and toxicological exploration recommends a causative connection between air pollutants and the expanded occurrence of asthma, hypersensitive rhinitis, hives and other skin allergies problems. These incorporate ozone, nitrogen dioxide and, particularly particulate matter, created by traffic-related and modern exercises. Solid epidemiological proof backings a connection between air pollution and the intensification of asthma, aero-allergies and skin allergies. Most of the allergies mainly skin are untreatable except that they can be suppressed by steroids and vaccination (a long term treatment).","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69344382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nazmun Nahar Munny, S. Shamsuzzaman, Tamzeed Hossain
The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among Enterobacter species is alarmingly high. Colistin as a last resort antibiotic reintroduced in the treatment pipeline to combat the drug resistant Enterobacter infection has led to emergence of colistin resistance. The study was designed to determine the prevalence of antibiotic resistance among isolated Enterobacter and to assess the occurrence of colistin resistance both phenotypically and genotypically in a tertiary care hospital, Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was conducted during the period July2018 to June 2019. A total 350 different samples were processed. Enterobacter were identified phenotypically and were processed for antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) by using modified disk diffusion method. Colistin resistance was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using agar dilution method. Colistin resistant strains were further processed for colistin resistance genes using polymerase chain rection (PCR). Among the total samples processed, 65.14% (228/350) yielded culture positive growth of which 12.28% (28/228) were Enterobacter species. Among isolated Enterobacter 22 (9.64%) were E. cloacae and 6 (2.63%) were E. aerogenes. In AST, 89.29%, 57.14% and 42.86% were resistant to ciprofloxacin, amikacin and imipenem respectively. Tigecycline and colistin were most effective antibiotics. Among colistin resistant Enterobacter isolates, 85.71%, 71.42%, 42.85% and 57.14% were positive for PmrC, PmrA, PhoP and PmrB respectively detected by PCR. Our study reports identification and distribution of drug resistant Enterobacter strains in a major tertiary care hospital. High prevalence of drug resistance and emergence of colistin resistance is indicative of deteriorating situation. Therefore, further extensive surveillance is mandatory.
{"title":"Antibiotic Resistance and Phenotypic and Genotypic Detection of Colistin Resistance among Enterobacter Species Isolated from Patients of a Tertiary Care Hospital, Bangladesh","authors":"Nazmun Nahar Munny, S. Shamsuzzaman, Tamzeed Hossain","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650067","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of antimicrobial resistance among Enterobacter species is alarmingly high. Colistin as a last resort antibiotic reintroduced in the treatment pipeline to combat the drug resistant Enterobacter infection has led to emergence of colistin resistance. The study was designed to determine the prevalence of antibiotic resistance among isolated Enterobacter and to assess the occurrence of colistin resistance both phenotypically and genotypically in a tertiary care hospital, Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was conducted during the period July2018 to June 2019. A total 350 different samples were processed. Enterobacter were identified phenotypically and were processed for antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) by using modified disk diffusion method. Colistin resistance was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) using agar dilution method. Colistin resistant strains were further processed for colistin resistance genes using polymerase chain rection (PCR). Among the total samples processed, 65.14% (228/350) yielded culture positive growth of which 12.28% (28/228) were Enterobacter species. Among isolated Enterobacter 22 (9.64%) were E. cloacae and 6 (2.63%) were E. aerogenes. In AST, 89.29%, 57.14% and 42.86% were resistant to ciprofloxacin, amikacin and imipenem respectively. Tigecycline and colistin were most effective antibiotics. Among colistin resistant Enterobacter isolates, 85.71%, 71.42%, 42.85% and 57.14% were positive for PmrC, PmrA, PhoP and PmrB respectively detected by PCR. Our study reports identification and distribution of drug resistant Enterobacter strains in a major tertiary care hospital. High prevalence of drug resistance and emergence of colistin resistance is indicative of deteriorating situation. Therefore, further extensive surveillance is mandatory.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69344823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Velikova Tsvetelina, J. Vasil, Kotsev Stanislav, Georgiev Daniel, Batselova Hristiana
The mental health of the population is affected during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The goal of our cross-sectional research was to explore some of the mental health dimensions and the attitudes of Bulgarian people during the pandemic through a direct online anonymous individual survey.
{"title":"Mental Health Issues Related to Some COVID-19 Aspects: Online-Based Bulgarian Survey","authors":"Velikova Tsvetelina, J. Vasil, Kotsev Stanislav, Georgiev Daniel, Batselova Hristiana","doi":"10.36959/885/371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/885/371","url":null,"abstract":"The mental health of the population is affected during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The goal of our cross-sectional research was to explore some of the mental health dimensions and the attitudes of Bulgarian people during the pandemic through a direct online anonymous individual survey.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79197234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Our current hypothesis is that there is differential antibody level and quality between the sexes. This is based on earlier work in schistosomiasis showing higher levels of antibodies in females. Females have also been shown to have lower malaria parasite density although the explanation for this was thought to be hormonal.
{"title":"COVID-19: An Acute Secondary Interferonophaty? The Mirror of Autoinflammatory Syndromes","authors":"F. Julian, R. Pérez-Álvarez, M. José","doi":"10.36959/885/368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36959/885/368","url":null,"abstract":"Our current hypothesis is that there is differential antibody level and quality between the sexes. This is based on earlier work in schistosomiasis showing higher levels of antibodies in females. Females have also been shown to have lower malaria parasite density although the explanation for this was thought to be hormonal.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86830502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Lounnas, A. Lacout, Xavier Azalbert, C. Perronne
{"title":"Shunt due to Hydroxychloroquine Sub-lethal Dosage Resulted in Excess Transfer to Mechanical Ventilation and Death in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19","authors":"V. Lounnas, A. Lacout, Xavier Azalbert, C. Perronne","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650056","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69344790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Skin aging is a natural phenomenon witnessed by humans. However various intrinsic and extrinsic factors lead to early skin aging. There have been a variety of approaches to combat skin aging one approach uses antioxidants that are known to fight oxidative stress as well as combat problems of aging. In this study, the antioxidant and anti-skin aging properties of sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) from fresh water microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Cr) are evaluated. Sulfated polysaccharides were isolated by hot water extraction method and purified by anion-exchange chromatography. The biochemical composition of the extract showed carbohydrate content of 785.07 mg/g, 324.26 mg/g of sulphate and 393.32 mg/g of uronic acid. These extracts which are enriched with SPs were further used for checking antioxidant and anti-skin aging properties. Cr-SPs showed Superoxide anion scavenging activity of 38-92% at 0.1-2 mg/mL, 51-89% of nitric oxide scavenging ability at 0.2-2 mg/mL, 10-58% of hydrogen peroxide scavenging ability at 1- 10 mg/mL, and 28-68% of ferric ion reducing potential at 0.5-5 mg/mL respectively. Furthermore, Cr-SPs showed 90% anti-elastase enzyme activity at 1 mg/mL, 83% and 89% anti-collagenase and anti-hyaluronidase activities at 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL respectively. These promising antioxidant and anti- skin aging properties of Cr-SPs pave way to explore the potential of Cr-SPs in cosmeceutic and pharmaceutical formulations as anti-skin aging agents in a cost-effective manner.
{"title":"In Vitro Evaluation of The Antioxidant and Anti-Skin Aging Properties of Green Algal Sulfated Polysaccharides","authors":"B. Falcao, J. Vishwakarma, H. Jadav, S. Vavilala","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650047","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Skin aging is a natural phenomenon witnessed by humans. However various intrinsic and extrinsic factors lead to early skin aging. There have been a variety of approaches to combat skin aging one approach uses antioxidants that are known to fight oxidative stress as well as combat problems of aging. In this study, the antioxidant and anti-skin aging properties of sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) from fresh water microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Cr) are evaluated. Sulfated polysaccharides were isolated by hot water extraction method and purified by anion-exchange chromatography. The biochemical composition of the extract showed carbohydrate content of 785.07 mg/g, 324.26 mg/g of sulphate and 393.32 mg/g of uronic acid. These extracts which are enriched with SPs were further used for checking antioxidant and anti-skin aging properties. Cr-SPs showed Superoxide anion scavenging activity of 38-92% at 0.1-2 mg/mL, 51-89% of nitric oxide scavenging ability at 0.2-2 mg/mL, 10-58% of hydrogen peroxide scavenging ability at 1- 10 mg/mL, and 28-68% of ferric ion reducing potential at 0.5-5 mg/mL respectively. Furthermore, Cr-SPs showed 90% anti-elastase enzyme activity at 1 mg/mL, 83% and 89% anti-collagenase and anti-hyaluronidase activities at 1 mg/mL and 2 mg/mL respectively. These promising antioxidant and anti- skin aging properties of Cr-SPs pave way to explore the potential of Cr-SPs in cosmeceutic and pharmaceutical formulations as anti-skin aging agents in a cost-effective manner.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69344782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acknowledgement to Authors, Reviewers and Editors of Archives of Microbiology & Immunology in 2017.","authors":"Fortune Journals","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69344595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Simuyandi, R. Chilengi, S. Connor, Joseph B. Voeglein, N. Laban, Katayi Mwila-Kazimbaya, C. Chisenga, J. Mwaba, D. Sack, S. Chakraborty
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli (ETEC) is an important cause for diarrheal disease in children and travelers globally. Epidemiological data on the distribution of strains of ETEC and associated colonization factors (CFs) is important for evaluation of candidate vaccines. We used conventional PCR and quantitative PCR to screen for toxins and CFs using DNA extracted from stool samples which tested positive for ETEC using the Luminex GPP panel collected from children presenting with moderate to severe diarrhea at selected health facilities in Lusaka. 49/106 (46.2%) were positive for at least one toxin (i.e. LT/STh/STp), ST was 18 (17%) [STh 16(15%) and STp 2 (~2%)], and LT 16(15%). The most frequent CF detected was CS6 with 6/49 (12.2%), followed by CS2, CS3 and CS7 with 2/49 (4.1%) each. CS6 was common across all toxin combinations (LT only, STh only and a combination of LT/STh) while CS2, CS3, CS7 were identified in both LT and LT/STh strains respectively. The mean age of children with detected toxin or CFs was 15.4 months (95% CI: 12.2, 18.7). Our results offer an insight into relevant CFs in ETEC diarrhea in Zambia and that Luminex™ platform is not as specific as ordinary and quantitative PCR for ETEC detection.
{"title":"Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli Toxins and Colonization Factors Among Zambian Children Presenting with Moderate to Severe Diarrhea to Selected Health Facilities","authors":"M. Simuyandi, R. Chilengi, S. Connor, Joseph B. Voeglein, N. Laban, Katayi Mwila-Kazimbaya, C. Chisenga, J. Mwaba, D. Sack, S. Chakraborty","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650039","url":null,"abstract":"Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli (ETEC) is an important cause for diarrheal disease in children and travelers globally. Epidemiological data on the distribution of strains of ETEC and associated colonization factors (CFs) is important for evaluation of candidate vaccines. We used conventional PCR and quantitative PCR to screen for toxins and CFs using DNA extracted from stool samples which tested positive for ETEC using the Luminex GPP panel collected from children presenting with moderate to severe diarrhea at selected health facilities in Lusaka. 49/106 (46.2%) were positive for at least one toxin (i.e. LT/STh/STp), ST was 18 (17%) [STh 16(15%) and STp 2 (~2%)], and LT 16(15%). The most frequent CF detected was CS6 with 6/49 (12.2%), followed by CS2, CS3 and CS7 with 2/49 (4.1%) each. CS6 was common across all toxin combinations (LT only, STh only and a combination of LT/STh) while CS2, CS3, CS7 were identified in both LT and LT/STh strains respectively. The mean age of children with detected toxin or CFs was 15.4 months (95% CI: 12.2, 18.7). Our results offer an insight into relevant CFs in ETEC diarrhea in Zambia and that Luminex™ platform is not as specific as ordinary and quantitative PCR for ETEC detection.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69344776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exopolyphosphatase of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Might Limit the Growth of Bacteria Which Thrive in Inflamed and Injured Lung","authors":"J. Block","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69344705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Fiorino, M. Zippi, C. Benini, Angeloluca De Quarto, M. Masetti
Background/Objectives: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) is a disease with a poor prognosis. Hepatitis B (HBV)/Hepatitis C (HCV) viruses are hepatotropic pathogens with pro-carcinogenic properties able to attack also the pancreas. Although several trials, mainly carried out in the USA and in the Eastern Countries, strongly suggested that HBV/HCV exert a role in PAC development, no study on this topic was still performed in Italy. Through this present work, we aimed to assess HBV antigens/antibodies and anti-HCV antibodies prevalence in a small cohort of Italian patients with PAC, irrespective of the other risk factors for PAC development, like smoking, alcohol drinking, and diabetes.Methods: This pivotal-retrospective-study was led both at Surgery Unit of Maggiore Hospital, (Bologna) and at Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy of Sandro Pertini Hospital, (Rome). Data concerning age, sex, pancreatic cancer localization (head, body, tail) and serum HBV/HCV profiles of subjects with a histological/radiological/biochemical diagnosis of PAC were collected from files concerning pancreatectomy and endoscopic-retrograde-cholangiopancreatography (ERCPs).Results: It was found that 4 patients were HBsAg positive and 28 were HBsAb/HBcAb-positive, with a prevalence equal to 1% and 7.5%, respectively. Sixteen patients were HCV positive, with a prevalence equal to 4.3%.Conclusions: Our observational study describes, for the first time in our Country, HBsAg, HBsAb/HBcAb and HCV prevalence in a small-sized cohort of patients suffering from PAC. Despite no definitive conclusions on the association between HBV/HCV infection and PAC may be drawn, our research could represent the basis for additional epidemiological/histological nationwide trials in Italy.
{"title":"Prevalence of Antigens/Antibodies Against Hepatitis B and C Viruses in A Cohort of Italian Patients with Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Admitted to Two Hospital Wards in Italy: A Pivotal Retrospective Study","authors":"S. Fiorino, M. Zippi, C. Benini, Angeloluca De Quarto, M. Masetti","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650035","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Objectives: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) is a disease with a poor prognosis. Hepatitis B (HBV)/Hepatitis C (HCV) viruses are hepatotropic pathogens with pro-carcinogenic properties able to attack also the pancreas. Although several trials, mainly carried out in the USA and in the Eastern Countries, strongly suggested that HBV/HCV exert a role in PAC development, no study on this topic was still performed in Italy. Through this present work, we aimed to assess HBV antigens/antibodies and anti-HCV antibodies prevalence in a small cohort of Italian patients with PAC, irrespective of the other risk factors for PAC development, like smoking, alcohol drinking, and diabetes.Methods: This pivotal-retrospective-study was led both at Surgery Unit of Maggiore Hospital, (Bologna) and at Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy of Sandro Pertini Hospital, (Rome). Data concerning age, sex, pancreatic cancer localization (head, body, tail) and serum HBV/HCV profiles of subjects with a histological/radiological/biochemical diagnosis of PAC were collected from files concerning pancreatectomy and endoscopic-retrograde-cholangiopancreatography (ERCPs).Results: It was found that 4 patients were HBsAg positive and 28 were HBsAb/HBcAb-positive, with a prevalence equal to 1% and 7.5%, respectively. Sixteen patients were HCV positive, with a prevalence equal to 4.3%.Conclusions: Our observational study describes, for the first time in our Country, HBsAg, HBsAb/HBcAb and HCV prevalence in a small-sized cohort of patients suffering from PAC. Despite no definitive conclusions on the association between HBV/HCV infection and PAC may be drawn, our research could represent the basis for additional epidemiological/histological nationwide trials in Italy.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69344710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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