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Atlanta medical and surgical journal (1884)最新文献

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Vaccination and Smallpox. 疫苗接种和天花。
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引用次数: 0
Suprapubic Cystotomy for Stone, with Report of Two Interesting Cases. 耻骨上膀胱切除术治疗结石附2例报告。
Wm S Goldsmith
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引用次数: 0
Retinal Surgery in Cross-eye or Strabismus. 斜视或斜视的视网膜手术。
A Bethune Patterson
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引用次数: 0
So-called Christian Science 所谓的基督教科学
Pub Date : 1899-02-01 DOI: 10.1001/jama.1889.02400800019004
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引用次数: 0
The Diagnosis of Pregnancy. 怀孕的诊断。
Virgil O Hardon
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引用次数: 0
Selections and Abstracts. 选集和摘要。
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引用次数: 0
Abortion; Its Prevention and Treatment. 堕胎;它的预防和治疗。
W Monroe Smith
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引用次数: 0
Magazine Notes 杂志的笔记
Pub Date : 1899-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/104438942200300113
J.C.C.
T HREE articles in the February issue of the Atlantic contain especial1y chal1enging material for case workers. Two of them furnish us with considerable aid and comfort in the testimony they bear to the spread into other fields of the demand for individualized treatment. These are "Facing the Prison Problem" by Frank Tannenbaum, and "The Iron Man and the Mind," by Arthur Pound, the latter a continuation of his very interesting series in which the effect of machines on the lives of human beings who feed and tend them is exhaustively analyzed. Both articles are a direct appeal for the conservation of the worth and dignity of human personality, the one in our treatment of criminals, the other in our industrial adjustments. The first article in the number opens a new line by Mrs. Cannon, the paper entitled "American Misgivings" being apparently the first in a series which she calls "Democracy in Question." Mrs. Cannon makes extensive use of the statistics of the army intelligence tests and draws certain deductions therefrom. Her conclusion seems to be that American democracy is seriously threatened if not jeopardized by the preponderance in it of persons of low intelligence. The mind of the reader reverts to her earlier paper on "Philanthropic Doubts" in which she reached the conclusion that the social work of the country had been a failure under private auspices and should be turned over as speedily as possible to the control of this same democracy in whose capacity for wise direction, and in the stability of whose institutions, the author now seems to feel so little confidence. Our readers who agree with Mrs. Cannon in both conclusions must indeed see little future hope for the fruitful continuance of social endeavor under any auspices at all. As set forth by Mrs. Cannon, some results of the army intelligence tests cause "philanthropic doubts" to arise in the mind of the case worker. Is it true in our experience that between 60 per cent and 70 per cent of our largest foreign groups are inferior in mentality? Do their American-born children in the public schools show that their racial stock is thus so seriously affected? A wel1-known authority in the psychiatric field told me the other day that in his judgment a good deal of the seeming mental defectiveness among the foreign-born mothers might be ascribed to their sequestered existence, their concentration on a round of dul1 duties, their subjugation to the will of their husbands, and the lack of any stimulus toward mental development in their environment. In other words, he felt that a low intelligence quotient among such people might often be a matter of actual degeneration from the possible mental status which the individual might have reached under more favorable conditions. Is there not raised in our minds some question concerning a series'of tests, part of the results of which is described by Mrs. Cannon as follows: "One happy finding of the army tests was the very large proportion of the A an
《大西洋月刊》二月号上的三篇文章包含了对个案工作者特别具有挑战性的材料。他们中的两个为我们提供了相当大的帮助和安慰,因为他们见证了个性化治疗的需求蔓延到其他领域。它们是弗兰克·坦南鲍姆的《面对监狱问题》和阿瑟·庞德的《钢铁侠与心灵》,后者是他非常有趣的系列小说的延续,在这些小说中,他详尽地分析了机器对人类生活的影响,人类喂养和照料机器。这两篇文章都直接呼吁维护人类人格的价值和尊严,一篇是关于我们对待罪犯的方式,另一篇是关于我们的工业调整。该杂志的第一篇文章开辟了坎农夫人的新栏目,题为“美国人的疑虑”的文章显然是她称之为“有问题的民主”系列文章中的第一篇。坎农夫人广泛使用了军队智力测验的统计数据,并从中得出了一些推论。她的结论似乎是,美国的民主受到了严重的威胁,如果不是被低智商的人所破坏的话。读者的思想又回到了她早先关于“慈善的疑惑”的论文中,她得出结论,国家的社会工作在私人赞助下是失败的,应该尽快移交给同样的民主国家的控制,而作者现在似乎对民主国家的明智指导能力和制度的稳定性缺乏信心。我们的读者在这两个结论上都同意坎农夫人的观点,他们一定认为,在任何支持下,社会努力卓有成效地继续下去的未来希望都微乎其微。正如坎农夫人所述,军队智力测试的一些结果引起了社会工作者心中的“慈善怀疑”。根据我们的经验,我们最大的外国集团中,有60%到70%的人在心态上是劣等的,这是真的吗?他们在美国出生的孩子在公立学校上学是否表明他们的种族血统受到如此严重的影响?有一天,一位精神病学领域的著名权威告诉我,据他判断,在外国出生的母亲中,许多表面上的智力缺陷可能是由于她们与世隔绝的生活,她们专注于一系列乏味的职责,她们屈从于丈夫的意志,以及在她们所处的环境中缺乏任何促进智力发展的刺激。换句话说,他认为这些人的低智商通常可能是他们在更有利的条件下可能达到的精神状态的实际退化。在我们的脑海中,是否有一些关于一系列测试的问题,坎农夫人这样描述测试的部分结果:“军队测试的一个令人高兴的发现是,a级和B级男性中有很大一部分人受过高等教育。这个…这说明要想让真正的能力发挥出来是多么困难。”这句话肯定会让人疯狂地思考。然后翻了几页,在庞德先生的文章《钢铁侠与思维》中,你会发现下面这句话:一个人的创新倾向被压抑多久而不使他的思维迟钝?假设我们的一流木匠花了两年的时间在一模一样的平房里铺设一模一样的地板。在他的磨炼结束后,他还能成为一个同样优秀的全能工匠,一个同样优秀的楼梯工人和屋顶工人吗?显然不是。他可能会在他必须做的事情上变得更加熟练;但毫无疑问,在他没有机会做的事情上,他会变得更加笨拙。他从这份工作中出来后,对社区的全面工作效率就会降低,对自己的信心就会降低,对自己的家庭和生活就会失去安全感,作为一个个性就会变得不那么有趣,作为一个邻居和公民就会变得不那么有价值。这种个体的衰落会在多大程度上影响到他的后代,并通过他们影响到整个种族,这是一个值得将来讨论的有趣问题。在评论家看来,与坎农夫人的观点相比,个案工作经验似乎更符合庞德先生的观点,即环境和机会对个人构成的可塑性材料的影响,既有破坏性的影响,也有建设性的影响。进一步看来,一系列智力测验显示了智力能力和享受优势是如此紧密地联系在一起的,但在某种程度上,似乎没有充分考虑到有利条件下发展或不利条件下阻碍基本心态的可能性,而这些基本心态最初可能并没有那么大的区别。
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引用次数: 0
So-called Christian Science. 所谓的基督教科学。
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引用次数: 0
Regular Meeting of the Atlanta Society of Medicine. 亚特兰大医学会定期会议。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Atlanta medical and surgical journal (1884)
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