Bulletin of the Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine in Gdynia最新文献

A total of 763 seafarers were selected at random for the examinations. Their number represented 9.82% of the total employed. About 86.63% of them were examined. Another group examined were 202 college undergraduates--all the undergraduates of the second year of studies. The average age of seafarers was 41.14 +/- 8.84 years, and of undergraduates 22.54 +/- 1.29 years. A normal heart first sound was recorded in 95.41% of seafarers, normal second sound in 95.94%, and in 95.05% and 95.05% of the undergraduates, respectively. Normal third and fourth sounds were recorded jointly in 4.45% of seafarers and 0.99% of the undergraduates, whereas abnormal ones in 1.05% of seafarers and 0.99% of the undergraduates. Aortic ejection sound and systolic zone clicks were detected only in seafarers: in 0.79% and 1.31% of the subjects, respectively. Systolic zone murmurs were recorded in 4.19% of the seafarers, including those with heart defects (1.44%), therein mitral valve insufficiency (0.79%), mitral valve prolapse syndrome (0.39%) and aortal valve stenosis (0.26%). In all other cases the recorded heart murmurs in undergraduates and seafarers were considered functional (not pathological).

Nautical tourism is one of the developing branches of tourism in Europe. It differs from other forms of tourism. Conditions under which nautical tourists live are similar to those of seamen employed on vessels in costal shipping. The health care for nautical tourists should be organized according to the principles of health care for crews of merchant ships engaged in constal shipping.

102 work-related injuries with fatal outcome among crews of ships of Northern Water Basin in Russia were analysed. The alcohol use and abuse was a major risk factor in accidents and fatal injuries in seafarers and fishermen. Medical and social aspects of the problem, and prevention measures were discussed.

All death certificates supplied to Grimsby District Health Authority for the years 1967-1980 were examined. Certificates showing the occupation on fisherman (or similar term) or lumper were extracted. Brief analysis of the data on the age and cause of death stated on those certificates is presented. There was no indication that the mortality pattern differed significantly between the two groups or from that of the community from which the lumpers and fishermen came.

Ten patients (5 with atopic dermatitis and 5 with asthma-prurigo) aged 8-38 years, were treated with hyperbarie oxygenation, at the Institute of Maritime and Tropical Medicine. Daily one exposure was applied at 0.1 MPa pure oxygen, during 15 days. Parallelly to the clinical evaluation also G, M, E immunoglobulins and the level of C3 and C4 complement were determined. All patients given this treatment improved clinically. In 9 of them, the level of IgE immunoglobulin decreased. The complement levels also decreased.

The contamination of indoor air by formaldehyde (CH2O) is a serious hygienic problem. One of the potential sources of formaldehyde release may be furnishing fabrics. The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of ageing on textiles (17.5 months), air temperature (25-45 degrees C) and relative air humidity (RH) (45-85%) on the CH2O release rate from 6 kinds of drapers and furniture coverings. The emission was determined in small glass chambers (13.08 dm3) under controlled conditions: at one air exchange per hour and load factor 1 m2/m3. Results of these studies indicated that effect of textile ageing on CH2O emission was different for each fabric tested. The increase of temperature and RH within the ranges studied multiplied the rate of CH2O release. The drapers and covering fabrics tested, in the production of which textile dressing containing CH2O compounds was used, may remain a source of formaldehyde emission for several months.

The present work was meant to determine by means of the Astrand method the maximal oxygen uptake in dockers performing a physically heavy loading work and in operators of the mechanic equipment. The study groups consisted of randomly selected 78 stevedores-trimmers and 84 mechanic equipment operators. The age of the stevedores-trimmers examined averaged 38.67 +/- 10.13 and of mechanic equipment operators 39.93 +/- 9.72 years. Statistically significant differences between the both groups were found concerning the body mass, heart rate at rest, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, frequency of the traits of parasympathetic system effect in ecg. The differences were consistent with the adaptation of the stevedores-trimmers to the physically heavy loading work they perform. Maximal oxygen uptake for all stevedores-trimmers averaged 3.45 +/- 0.60 l/min and in mechanic equipment operators 2.95 +/- 0.66 l/min, reduced to ml/kg/min 45.91 +/- 9.13 and 37.96 +/- 9.26, respectively. On the basis of regression equations it was found that the mean rate of maximal oxygen uptake in the productive age range at issue, per one decade of life amounted: in stevedores-trimmers 5.31 ml/min/kg and in mechanic equipment operators 4.05 ml/min/kg. The majority of the stevedores-trimmers had physical efficiency at a high and a very high level (55.20%), while the mechanic equipment operators at low and very low (71.51%).