Clinical laboratory science : journal of the American Society for Medical Technology最新文献

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The CF Quantum Sweat Test: Not Ready for Clinical Use CF量子汗液测试:尚未准备好用于临床

Clinical laboratory science : journal of the American Society for Medical Technology

Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.29074/ascls.2019002105

Michael Rock, Vicky LeGrys

ABSTRACT

The cystic fibrosis (CF) Quantum test (CFQT) showed promise in a previous pilot study; however, there was greater imprecision in one patch lot. Following the pilot study, the manufacturer changed their fabricating procedures. Participants with previously diagnosed CF or participants who required a sweat test for clinical reasons were invited to undergo the CFQT research test and a conventional sweat test (Macroduct collection and chloride analysis via the ChloroChek chloridometer). Previously diagnosed CF (n = 41) and CF transmembrane regulator–related metabolic syndrome/CF screen positive inconclusive diagnosis (n = 3) patients and patients who required a sweat test for clinical indications (n = 22) were recruited to have bilateral CFQT along with the Macroduct test performed on the same day. Pairs of data from each test were plotted as a correlation graph, bias plot, and Bland Altman plot. Coefficient of variation (CV) between extremities and quantity-not-sufficient (QNS) rates for both tests were calculated. The CV between left and right extremities was greater in the CFQT (9.5%) compared with the Macroduct (4.8%). The QNS rates of the two tests were comparable (CFQT, 6.8%; Macroduct, 6.0%). There was greater imprecision with the CFQT results. The diagnostic agreement between the two tests was 100% positive percent agreement (95% confidence interval [CI], 90%–100%), 100% negative percent agreement (95% CI, 80%–100%), 67% intermediate percent agreement (95% CI, 30%–80%), and 92% overall percent agreement (95% CI, 80%–100%). This follow-up study demonstrated that the CFQT is not analytically nor diagnostically reliable (Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT01345617).

囊性纤维化(CF)量子测试(CFQT)在之前的一项试点研究中显示出希望;然而，在一个斑块中存在更大的不精确性。在初步研究之后，制造商改变了他们的制造程序。先前诊断为CF的参与者或因临床原因需要进行汗液测试的参与者被邀请进行CFQT研究测试和常规汗液测试(Macroduct收集和氯化物分析通过氯计氯化物)。招募既往诊断为CF (n = 41)和CF跨膜调节剂相关代谢综合征/CF筛查阳性不确定诊断(n = 3)的患者和临床指征需要进行汗液试验的患者(n = 22)，在同一天进行双侧CFQT和Macroduct试验。每个检验的成对数据绘制成相关图、偏倚图和Bland Altman图。计算两个试验的极值变异系数(CV)和数量不充分率(QNS)。CFQT左、右两肢间的CV(9.5%)大于Macroduct(4.8%)。两种检测的QNS率具有可比性(CFQT, 6.8%;Macroduct, 6.0%)。CFQT结果有较大的不精确性。两项检测的诊断一致性为100%阳性一致性(95%置信区间[CI]， 90%-100%)、100%阴性一致性(95% CI, 80%-100%)、67%中间一致性(95% CI, 30%-80%)和92%总体一致性(95% CI, 80%-100%)。这项随访研究表明，CFQT在分析和诊断上都不可靠(Clinicaltrials.gov识别码NCT01345617)。

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引用次数: 0

The Efficacy and Acceptance of Brief Intentional Teachings to Encourage Success 鼓励成功的简短的有意教导的有效性和接受度

Clinical laboratory science : journal of the American Society for Medical Technology

Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.29074/ascls.2019001560

Scott Moore

ABSTRACT

Students in medical laboratory sciences occasionally struggle in lecture to acquire the knowledge covered in the objectives. After review of the ASCLS Body of Knowledge, 9 clearly stated objectives in acid-base studies were distilled, and 2 Brief Intentional Teachings to Encourage Success (BITES) were created. These BITES are a form of microlearning, wherein students take 10- to 20-minute chunks of time to learn a brief topic. Five objectives are defined, and review questions are asked to stimulate active recall and retrieval. At the end, 3 questions are asked that require application of the knowledge gained over the previous 10–20 minutes. Three surveys were given to all students at different points in time to assess the efficacy and acceptance of BITES; Post-lecture (Pre-BITES) Questionnaire (PLQ), Post-BITES Questionnaire (PBQ), and Post–3-month Questionnaire (P3Q). In comparing the PLQ and the PBQ, 8 correct answers were recalled more often in the PBQ, and 3 correct answers were recalled more often in the PLQ. All correct answers were recalled more often in the P3Q than the PLQ. The question, “I enjoyed these BITES,” was answered with 1 “no” and 5 “yes” and received the following scores: 0 answered 1, 0 answered 2, 3 answered 3, 8 answered 4, and 11 answered 5. The question, “I preferred learning with…”, indicated that all students but 1 preferred BITES over lecture. As we continue to master our craft of teaching, we learn that MLS students prefer learning with BITES in a traditional lecture-based classroom and that durable learning was accomplished over 3 months with their use. Further studies are required to see if BITES improve student engagement.

医学检验专业的学生有时会在课堂上努力学习目标所涵盖的知识。在回顾了ASCLS知识体系后，提炼了9个明确的酸碱研究目标，并创建了2个鼓励成功的简短意向教学(BITES)。这些bite是微学习的一种形式，学生花10到20分钟的时间来学习一个简短的主题。定义了五个目标，并提出复习问题以刺激主动回忆和检索。最后，会问3个问题，这些问题需要运用之前10-20分钟所学到的知识。在不同的时间点对所有学生进行了三次调查，以评估叮咬的效果和接受程度;讲座后(Pre-BITES)问卷(PLQ)、讲座后问卷(PBQ)和三个月后问卷(P3Q)。在PBQ和PLQ的比较中，PBQ中有8个正确答案被更频繁地回忆，PLQ中有3个正确答案被更频繁地回忆。在P3Q中，所有正确答案的回忆次数比在PLQ中要多。在“我喜欢这些叮咬”这个问题上，有1个回答“不”，5个回答“是”，得分如下:0人回答1,0人回答2,3人回答3,8人回答4,11人回答5。在“我更喜欢和……一起学习”这个问题中，除了我以外，所有的学生都更喜欢和老师一起学习。随着我们不断掌握我们的教学技巧，我们了解到MLS学生更喜欢在传统的以讲座为基础的课堂上学习，并且使用它们可以在3个多月的时间内完成持久的学习。需要进一步的研究来确定bite是否能提高学生的参与度。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of University of Washington Medical Laboratory Science Clinical Rotation Length and Student Performance 华盛顿大学医学实验室科学临床轮转时间和学生表现的评估

Clinical laboratory science : journal of the American Society for Medical Technology

Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.29074/ascls.2019001537

Patty Callahan

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Local changes and needs in blood-bank operations allowed us to increase our medical laboratory science (MLS) blood-bank rotation to 4 weeks by reducing rotation length for clinical chemistry, microbiology, and hematology from 6 weeks to 5 weeks. We evaluated the impact of this change on American Society for Clinical Pathology Board of Certification (BOC) examination performance.

METHODS:

We compared BOC scores for 119 MLS graduates with 6-week clinical rotation lengths in chemistry, microbiology, and hematology (2009–2013) and 127 MLS graduates with 5-week rotation lengths in these disciplines (2014–2018). We evaluated first-time pass rates, overall certification scores, specific discipline scores, and student rotation length satisfaction surveys.

RESULTS:

Mean ± SD overall BOC scores for 6-week rotations (547 ± 74) were not significantly different from overall BOC scores for 5-week rotations. Similarly, there was no significant effect on BOC scores for chemistry, microbiology, or hematology. The mean first-time pass rate for 6-week rotations was 97% compared with 96% for 5-week rotations. Student satisfaction surveys received from 282 out of 307 (92%) students during 2014–2018 indicated that the 5-week rotation length was adequate.

CONCLUSION:

Reducing rotation length had no detrimental effect on BOC scores or student satisfaction. These findings allowed us to respond to changing patterns in laboratory medicine. Beginning in 2018, students will receive a 1-week rotation in 1 of 6 molecular diagnostic testing laboratories, including hematopathology, virology, microbiology, genetics, and blood-bank. These rotations may be expanded as laboratory testing moves in this direction.

背景:血库操作的局部变化和需求使我们将医学实验室科学(MLS)血库轮换时间从6周缩短到5周，将临床化学、微生物学和血液学的轮换时间从6周缩短到4周。我们评估了这一变化对美国临床病理学会认证委员会(BOC)考试成绩的影响。方法:我们比较了119名MLS化学、微生物学和血液学临床轮转长度为6周的毕业生(2009-2013)和127名MLS这些学科轮转长度为5周的毕业生(2014-2018)的BOC评分。我们评估了首次通过率、总体认证分数、特定学科分数和学生轮岗时长满意度调查。结果:6周轮换的平均±SD总BOC评分(547±74)与5周轮换的总BOC评分无显著差异。同样，对化学、微生物学或血液学的BOC评分也没有显著影响。6周轮换的平均首次通过率为97%，而5周轮换的平均首次通过率为96%。2014-2018年期间，307名学生中有282名(92%)对学生满意度进行了调查，结果表明5周的轮岗时间足够了。结论:减少轮转时间对学生满意度和BOC评分无不利影响。这些发现使我们能够对实验室医学不断变化的模式做出反应。从2018年开始，学生将在6个分子诊断测试实验室中的一个进行为期一周的轮转，包括血液病理学、病毒学、微生物学、遗传学和血库。当实验室测试朝这个方向移动时，这些旋转可能会扩大。

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引用次数: 0

Using a Game-based Learning Platform to Increase Student Engagement in the Classroom 使用基于游戏的学习平台来提高学生在课堂上的参与度

Clinical laboratory science : journal of the American Society for Medical Technology

Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.29074/ascls.2019001594

Melissa Jamerson

ABSTRACT

The Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences at Virginia Commonwealth University incorporated the use of a game-based learning platform into a junior-level Immunology course. The primary goal of this addition was to increase student engagement during review sessions. In previous years, each Immunology class was started with a review of material from an earlier lecture. The review consisted of short-answer and multiple-choice questions as a means to highlight important concepts and allow additional opportunities for students to ask questions. During these review periods, it was observed that class participation ranged from 3%–20%. Additionally, those who did participated were the same students in each class period. The incorporation of the game-based learning platform into review sessions involved asking review questions in multiple-choice format with 30 seconds of time for students to answer after each question was asked. This new format resulted in class participation increasing to 95%–100%. Review of student answers also allowed the instructor to determine which areas the students needed additional assistance with before exams. Student feedback indicated that they enjoyed the ability to be anonymous when answering questions while still getting immediate feedback. This new review format will be utilized in additional courses, specifically Immunohematology. Furthermore, this game-based platform will be used to review material with senior students in their advanced senior-level courses.

弗吉尼亚联邦大学临床实验室科学系将基于游戏的学习平台纳入初级免疫学课程。增加这一功能的主要目的是提高学生在复习课上的参与度。在过去的几年里，每堂免疫学课都是以复习上一堂课的内容开始的。复习包括简答题和多项选择题，以突出重要的概念，并为学生提问提供额外的机会。在这些复习期间，观察到课堂参与率在3%-20%之间。此外，那些参与的学生在每节课上都是同样的学生。将基于游戏的学习平台整合到复习课程中，包括以多项选择的形式提出复习问题，每个问题提出后，学生有30秒的时间回答。这种新形式使课堂参与度提高到95%-100%。复习学生的答案也可以让老师确定学生在考试前需要额外的帮助。学生们的反馈表明，他们喜欢在回答问题时保持匿名，同时仍能得到即时反馈。这种新的复习形式将用于其他课程，特别是免疫血液学。此外，这个以游戏为基础的平台将用于与高年级学生一起复习高级课程的材料。

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引用次数: 0

Effective Marketing Strategies for a Medical Laboratory Science Program 医学实验室科学项目的有效营销策略

Clinical laboratory science : journal of the American Society for Medical Technology

Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.29074/ascls.2019002154

Kendal Beazer, Kenton Cummins

引用次数: 0

Ethics in Research 研究伦理

Clinical laboratory science : journal of the American Society for Medical Technology

Pub Date : 2018-11-01 DOI: 10.1017/9781108550734.003

Bernard C. Beins

This chapter studies ethics in research. Ethics play an important role in scientific inquiry, beyond cases of plagiarism, fraud, and misconduct. Importantly, there is a difference between ethical research and ethical researchers. While principles of ethics in research stem mostly from the biomedical field, they have also been adapted to apply to the social sciences. These principles are generally addressed through three common principles: voluntary participation, informed consent, and confidentiality. Researchers themselves must be wary of a number of other factors that can influence their project and role, such as the supervision of students, or other situations where there is a relationship of authority. Similarly, researchers must be careful not to make misrepresentations to subjects about the project or the related risks, or fail to disclose any conflict of interest. Researchers must take steps to ensure their neutrality so that no preconceptions or personal bias can risk influencing the results or subjects. The chapter then looks at ethics review boards and the emergent ethical issues.

本章研究研究中的伦理问题。伦理在科学探究中扮演着重要的角色，超越了抄袭、欺诈和不当行为。重要的是，伦理研究和伦理研究者之间是有区别的。虽然研究中的伦理原则主要来自生物医学领域，但它们也被应用于社会科学。这些原则一般通过三个共同原则来解决:自愿参与、知情同意和保密。研究人员自己必须警惕一些其他因素，这些因素可能会影响他们的项目和角色，比如对学生的监督，或者其他有权威关系的情况。同样，研究人员必须小心，不要对项目或相关风险做出错误的陈述，或者没有披露任何利益冲突。研究人员必须采取措施确保他们的中立性，这样就不会有先入之见或个人偏见可能影响结果或受试者。然后，本章着眼于伦理审查委员会和新出现的伦理问题。

引用次数: 192

Evaluation of Diverse Health Professionals' Learning Experience in a Continuing Education Activity for Quality Practices in Molecular Genetic Testing. 不同卫生专业人员在分子基因检测质量实践继续教育活动中的学习经验评估。

Clinical laboratory science : journal of the American Society for Medical Technology

Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.29074/ascls.29.4.200

Bin Chen, Shahram Shahangian, Thomas H Taylor, Ajay Yesupriya, Carol Greene, Valerie J Curry, Barbara Zehnbauer

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the responses of 3,265 health professionals who took a continuing education (CE) activity during June 2009 - April 2012 for a comprehensive set of good laboratory practice recommendations for molecular genetic testing.

Design: Participants completed an evaluation questionnaire as part of the CE activity. Responses were summarized to assess the participants' learning outcomes and commitment to applying the knowledge gained.

Participants: Participants included nurses (47%), laboratory professionals (18%), physicians (14%), health educators (4%), public health professionals (2%), office staff (1%), and other health professionals (10%).

Results: Only 32% of all participants correctly answered all 12 open-book knowledge-check questions, ranging from 4 to 42% among the different professional groups (P<0.0001). However, over 80% of all participants expressed confidence in describing the practice recommendations, and 75% indicated the recommendations would improve the quality of their practice. Developing health education materials and local practice guidelines represented the common areas in which participants planned to use the knowledge gained (49% and 18% of all participants, respectively).

Conclusion: Despite perceived self-efficacy in most participants, as high as 68% did not fully use the learning materials provided to answer the knowledge-check questions. These findings suggest the need for improved CE activities that motivate effective learning and address the specific needs of different health professions.

目的:本研究旨在评估2009年6月至2012年4月期间参加继续教育(CE)活动的3,265名卫生专业人员的反应，以获得一套全面的分子基因检测良好实验室规范建议。设计:参与者完成一份评估问卷，作为CE活动的一部分。对参与者的回答进行总结，以评估他们的学习成果和应用所学知识的承诺。参与者:参与者包括护士(47%)、实验室专业人员(18%)、医生(14%)、健康教育者(4%)、公共卫生专业人员(2%)、办公室工作人员(1%)和其他卫生专业人员(10%)。结果:只有32%的被试正确回答了所有12道开卷式知识测验的问题，在不同的专业群体中，这一比例从4%到42%不等(p结论:尽管大多数被试有自我效能感，但高达68%的被试没有充分利用所提供的学习材料来回答知识测验的问题。这些发现表明，有必要改进教学活动，以激发有效的学习，并满足不同卫生专业人员的具体需求。

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引用次数: 2

A survey study of benefits and limitations of using CellaVision DM96 for peripheral blood differentials. 使用CellaVision DM96检测外周血差异的益处和局限性的调查研究。

Clinical laboratory science : journal of the American Society for Medical Technology

Pub Date : 2014-01-01

Sandra J VanVranken, Emily S Patterson, Sally V Rudmann, Kathy V Waller

In most clinical laboratories, hematologists rely on the microscopic analysis of stained blood films to accurately classify cells, aiding in the diagnosis and monitoring of a variety of disorders and conditions. Use of the microscope, although considered the gold standard in performing white blood cell differentials, presents a variety of limitations Digital image technology can facilitate a variety of essential job functions in clinical hematology such as: consulting with colleagues, improving training, referencing an abnormal cell, and utilizing archived images for quality assurance and competency assessment. A questionnaire was developed to survey medical laboratory professionals about their perceptions regarding the benefits and limitations for using digital images in clinical hematology. The questionnaire was sent in March 2012 to an entire list of 81 current CellaVision DM96 (CellaVision AB, Sweden) consumers. A response rate of 46% was obtained. Background information on participants, 5-point Likert scale averages, percentage agreement (strongly agree and agree), and disagreement (strongly disagree and disagree) were calculated and analyzed. The benefits of using the CellaVision DM96 rated the strongest by respondents included: decreased eyestrain, consistency among patient results and advantages in training personnel. Respondents reported notable limitations as being: restrictions with accurately estimating platelets and red cell morphology. Digital image software is currently being utilized in preclinical and clinical hematology and offers potential benefits. With upgrades in slide scanning features and improved capabilities to view platelet and red cell morphology, a transition to digital image technology from the conventional method for performing peripheral blood cell differentials is possible.

在大多数临床实验室中，血液学家依靠染色血膜的显微分析来准确分类细胞，帮助诊断和监测各种疾病和状况。使用显微镜，虽然被认为是进行白细胞鉴别的金标准，但存在各种局限性。数字图像技术可以促进临床血液学中的各种基本工作功能，如:咨询同事，改进培训，参考异常细胞，利用存档图像进行质量保证和能力评估。一份调查问卷是为了调查医学实验室专业人员关于他们对在临床血液学中使用数字图像的好处和局限性的看法。该问卷于2012年3月发送给81名CellaVision DM96 (CellaVision AB，瑞典)现有消费者。应答率为46%。计算并分析了参与者的背景信息、李克特5分量表平均值、同意百分比(非常同意和同意)和不同意百分比(非常不同意和不同意)。使用CellaVision DM96的好处被受访者评为最强的包括:减少眼睛疲劳，患者结果的一致性和培训人员的优势。应答者报告了显著的限制，如:准确估计血小板和红细胞形态的限制。数字图像软件目前被用于临床前和临床血液学，并提供潜在的好处。随着玻片扫描功能的升级和观察血小板和红细胞形态的能力的提高，从传统的外周血细胞鉴别方法过渡到数字图像技术是可能的。

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引用次数: 0

Focus: Next generation sequencing. Introduction. 重点:下一代测序。介绍。

Clinical laboratory science : journal of the American Society for Medical Technology

Pub Date : 2014-01-01

Deborah Josko

引用次数: 0

Platforms. 平台。

Clinical laboratory science : journal of the American Society for Medical Technology

Pub Date : 2014-01-01

Deborah Josko

The advent of DNA sequencing technologies and the various applications that can be performed will have a dramatic effect on medicine and healthcare in the near future. There are several DNA sequencing platforms available on the market for research and clinical use. Based on the medical laboratory scientist or researcher's needs and taking into consideration laboratory space and budget, one can chose which platform will be beneficial to their institution and their patient population. Although some of the instrument costs seem high, diagnosing a patient quickly and accurately will save hospitals money with fewer hospital stays and targeted treatment based on an individual's genetic make-up. By determining the type of disease an individual has, based on the mutations present or having the ability to prescribe the appropriate antimicrobials based on the knowledge of the organism's resistance patterns, the clinician will be better able to treat and diagnose a patient which ultimately will improve patient outcomes and prognosis.

DNA测序技术的出现及其各种应用将在不久的将来对医学和医疗保健产生巨大影响。市场上有几种可供研究和临床使用的DNA测序平台。根据医学实验室科学家或研究人员的需求，并考虑到实验室空间和预算，可以选择对他们的机构和患者群体有益的平台。虽然一些仪器的成本似乎很高，但快速准确地诊断病人将节省医院的资金，减少住院时间，并根据个人的基因组成进行有针对性的治疗。通过根据存在的突变确定个体所患疾病的类型，或根据对生物体耐药模式的了解开出适当的抗菌素处方，临床医生将能够更好地治疗和诊断患者，最终将改善患者的预后和预后。

引用次数: 0

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