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Extreme Weather Events and Local Fiscal Responses: Evidence from U.S. Counties 极端天气事件和地方财政反应:来自美国各县的证据
Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41885-022-00120-y
Qing Miao, M. Abrigo, Yilin Hou, Yanjun Liao
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引用次数: 0
Public Investment in Hazard Mitigation: Effectiveness and the Role of Community Diversity 减轻灾害的公共投资:社区多样性的有效性和作用
Pub Date : 2022-11-18 DOI: 10.1007/s41885-022-00119-5
I. Petkov
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引用次数: 2
The Relation Between Socioeconomic Status and Risk Attitudes: A Nuclear Accident Scenario in Sweden 社会经济地位与风险态度之间的关系:瑞典核事故情景
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1007/s41885-022-00118-6
Joel Rasmussen, J. Ewald
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引用次数: 2
Weather Shocks, Population, and Housing Prices: the Role of Expectation Revisions 天气冲击、人口和房价:预期修正的作用
Pub Date : 2022-06-13 DOI: 10.1007/s41885-022-00116-8
I. Petkov
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引用次数: 2
Economic Impact Payments and Household Food Insufficiency during COVID-19: The Case of Late Recipients 2019冠状病毒病疫情期间的经济影响、支付和家庭粮食不足:以晚领取者为例
Pub Date : 2022-05-30 DOI: 10.1007/s41885-022-00115-9
A. Wahdat
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引用次数: 1
Correction to: Quantitative Evaluation of Flood Control Measures and Educational Support to Reduce Disaster Vulnerability of the Poor Based on Household‑level Savings Estimates 修正:基于家庭储蓄估算的防洪措施和教育支持对降低贫困人口灾害脆弱性的定量评估
Pub Date : 2022-05-12 DOI: 10.1007/s41885-022-00113-x
Risa Nakamura, A. Kawasaki
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引用次数: 0
Risk Attitudes to Catastrophic Events: VSL and WTP for Insurance Against Earthquakes 灾难性事件的风险态度:地震保险的VSL和WTP
Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI: 10.1007/s41885-022-00109-7
Nicolò Barbieri, M. Mazzanti, A. Montini, Andrea Rampa
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引用次数: 1
Taxes Versus Tradable Permits Considering Public Environmental Awareness 考虑公众环境意识的税收与可交易许可
Pub Date : 2022-03-08 DOI: 10.1007/s41885-022-00108-8
Xiaoyan Wang, Weiwei Zhang
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引用次数: 1
Bird's Eye View of COVID-19, Mobility, and Labor Market Outcomes Across the US. 鸟瞰美国COVID-19、流动性和劳动力市场结果
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-08 DOI: 10.1007/s41885-022-00110-0
Péter Füleky, István Szapudi

COVID-19 dealt a formidable blow to the US economy. We present a joint analysis of the epidemiological and labor market outcomes across US states. We focus on the relationship across relevant indicators in the pre-vaccination era. As expected, we find strong correlation between changes in economic conditions and mobility. However, mobility fluctuations tend to be uncorrelated with local epidemics and occur simultaneously across most states. The magnitude of the mobility response is highly correlated with the rural vs. urban character of the area. Employment losses are most strongly associated with high population density and concentration of the leisure and hospitality industry. The relationship between job losses and the case fatality ratio is affected by the timing of the most severe COVID-19 waves.

COVID-19 对美国经济造成了巨大打击。我们对美国各州的流行病学和劳动力市场结果进行了联合分析。我们重点分析了疫苗接种前各相关指标之间的关系。不出所料,我们发现经济状况的变化与流动性之间存在很强的相关性。然而,流动性波动往往与当地的流行病无关,并且在大多数州同时发生。流动性反应的大小与该地区的农村和城市特征高度相关。就业损失与人口密度高、休闲和酒店业集中的地区关系最为密切。就业损失与病例死亡率之间的关系受到 COVID-19 最严重疫情发生时间的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Four New Horsemen of an Apocalypse? Solar Flares, Super-volcanoes, Pandemics, and Artificial Intelligence. 启示录的四个新骑士?太阳耀斑,超级火山,流行病和人工智能。
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-01-15 DOI: 10.1007/s41885-022-00105-x
Ilan Noy, Tomáš Uher

If economists have largely failed to predict or prevent the Global Financial Crisis in 2008, and the more disastrous economic collapse associated with the pandemic of 2020, what else is the profession missing? This is the question that motivates this survey. Specifically, we want to highlight four catastrophic risks - i.e., risks that can potentially result in global catastrophes of a much larger magnitude than either of the 2008 or 2020 events. The four risks we examine here are: Space weather and solar flares, super-volcanic eruptions, high-mortality pandemics, and misaligned artificial intelligence. All four have a non-trivial probability of occurring and all four can lead to a catastrophe, possibly not very different from human extinction. Inevitably, and fortunately, these catastrophic events have not yet occurred, so the literature investigating them is by necessity more speculative and less grounded in empirical observations. Nevertheless, that does not make these risks any less real. This survey is motivated by the belief that economists can and should be thinking about these risks more systematically, so that we can devise the appropriate ways to prevent them or ameliorate their potential impacts.

如果经济学家在很大程度上未能预测或阻止2008年的全球金融危机,以及与2020年大流行相关的更具灾难性的经济崩溃,那么这个行业还缺少什么?这个问题激发了这项调查。具体来说,我们想要强调四种灾难性风险,即可能导致比2008年或2020年事件更严重的全球灾难的风险。我们在这里研究的四大风险是:太空天气和太阳耀斑、超级火山爆发、高死亡率的流行病和错位的人工智能。这四种情况发生的概率都不小,而且都可能导致一场灾难,可能与人类灭绝没有太大区别。幸运的是,这些灾难性的事件还没有发生,因此研究它们的文献必然更多地是推测性的,而不是基于经验观察的。然而,这并没有降低这些风险的真实性。这项调查的动机是相信经济学家能够而且应该更系统地思考这些风险,这样我们就可以设计出适当的方法来预防它们或改善它们的潜在影响。
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引用次数: 2
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Economics of disasters and climate change
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