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[Study on 46,000 women. Long-term effects of oral contraception: The pill is effective]. [对46000名女性的研究。口服避孕药的长期效果:口服避孕药是有效的。
Pub Date : 1999-03-20
E Strobel
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引用次数: 0
[Herbal medicine--taking a position. Effectiveness and usefulness of herbal preparations]. 草药——表明立场。草药制剂的有效性和实用性]。
Pub Date : 1999-03-10
C Kori-Lindner

During the discussion on the elimination of certain groups of drugs and disorders from the list of obligatory services to be remunerated by state health insurances, vague, undefined terms such as "controversial" are being applied to phytopharmaceuticals and their fields of application. This may be traced back to an ignorance and global rejection of available scientific documentation. The rational background of modern phytopharmaceuticals are discussed.

在讨论从国家健康保险支付的义务服务清单中删除某些类别的药物和疾病时,对植物药物及其应用领域使用了诸如"有争议的"等含糊不清的术语。这可以追溯到对现有科学文献的无知和全球拒绝。讨论了现代植物药产生的理性背景。
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引用次数: 0
[Prevention and management of alcohol problems. Brief intervention by the family physician--a simple and efficient method]. [酒精问题的预防和管理。家庭医生的简短干预——一种简单有效的方法。
Pub Date : 1999-03-10
P Mühling

Brief intervention, early intervention and secondary prevention are terms used in modern treatment of alcoholism that are gaining importance. By "intervention" in this connection is meant a "mediatory intervention". In various national and international projects, such an intervention on the part of the general practitioner has led to a significant reduction in the amounts drunk by patients abusing alcohol, and has thus contributed to the prevention of alcohol dependence. The present paper describes what is meant by the term short intervention, and describes the chances offered by this type of treatment in the area of basic medical care. Special attention is drawn to the technique of motivational interviewing and the FRAMES concept.

短期干预、早期干预和二级预防是现代酒精中毒治疗中越来越重要的术语。在这方面的“干预”是指“调解干预”。在各种国家和国际项目中,全科医生的这种干预使滥用酒精的病人的饮酒量大大减少,从而有助于预防酒精依赖。本文描述了短期干预一词的含义,并描述了这类治疗在基本医疗保健领域所提供的机会。特别注意的是动机性访谈的技术和框架的概念。
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引用次数: 0
[Hospitalization of alcoholics is of primary importance. Interview]. 酗酒者的住院治疗是最重要的。面试)。
Pub Date : 1999-03-10
F Tretter
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引用次数: 0
[Headache can often be treated by behavior therapy]. 头痛通常可以通过行为疗法来治疗。
Pub Date : 1999-03-10
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引用次数: 0
[Advise to pregnant women on the question of "home childbirth--yes or no?" What are the criteria for a planned home delivery?]. 给孕妇的建议:“在家分娩——是还是不是?”有计划的送货上门的标准是什么?
Pub Date : 1999-03-10
W Heimrath
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引用次数: 0
[Care of tumor patients with biliary-duodenal drainage by the family physician. Treatment of extrahepatic biliary obstruction]. 肿瘤患者胆-十二指肠引流的家庭医生护理。肝外胆道梗阻的治疗[j]。
Pub Date : 1999-03-10
U Gottschalk

Ambulatory care of patients with tumors of the biliary system and pancreas undergoing bilioduodenal drainage for obstructive jaundice is increasingly being provided by the family doctor in cooperation with an endoscopy center. The greatest risk for the patient is the development of acute cholitis caused by blockage of the endoprosthesis with the need for immediate replacement of the latter. Apart from the clinical examination, laboratory data and ultrasonography are often required to establish the diagnosis and enable an adequate assessment of the bile flow situation to be made. Additional diagnostic procedures (e.g. endosonography and computed tomography) are needed only for the primary diagnostic work-up. The data obtained from our patients show that family doctors are well attuned to the leading symptoms, and that delays in acting on suspected obstruction of the biliary stent rarely occur.

胆道及胰腺肿瘤患者行胆十二指肠引流治疗梗阻性黄疸的门诊护理越来越多地由家庭医生与内镜中心合作提供。患者最大的风险是由于假体堵塞引起急性胆道炎,需要立即更换假体。除了临床检查外,通常还需要实验室资料和超声检查来确定诊断并对胆汁流动情况进行充分评估。附加的诊断程序(如超声和计算机断层扫描)只需要用于初级诊断检查。从我们的患者那里获得的数据表明,家庭医生对主要症状很熟悉,对可疑的胆道支架梗阻采取行动的延误很少发生。
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引用次数: 0
[Reactive arthritis. Diagnosis, differential diagnosis and therapy]. (反应性关节炎。诊断、鉴别诊断和治疗]。
Pub Date : 1999-03-10
G R Burmester, E Feist, A Krause
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引用次数: 0
[Study on intervention in arterial hypertension. Recommendations by experts and practical antihypertensive therapy. German Hypertension League]. 动脉性高血压的干预研究。专家建议及实际降压治疗。德国高血压联盟]。
Pub Date : 1999-02-28
P Trenkwalder

Important intervention trials performed during the last decades and years are presented and critically reviewed. These long-term studies with hard end points have demonstrated positive results for four different antihypertensive classes: diuretics, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers and ACE inhibitors. The major issue is the prevention of hypertensive complications such as myocardial infarction, heart failure or stroke. For achieving this primary goal blood pressure reduction--or ideally normalization--is of decisive importance. As recommended by the Deutsche Hochdruckliga (German "Hypertension League") specific and individualized treatment of hypertension should consider target organ protecting effects of the various antihypertensive agents. In many cases combination therapy will be necessary to control hypertension (blood pressure target < 140/90 mmHg).

在过去的几十年和几年进行了重要的干预试验提出和严格审查。这些具有硬终点的长期研究表明,四种不同的抗高血压药物有积极的结果:利尿剂、受体阻滞剂、钙通道阻滞剂和ACE抑制剂。主要问题是预防高血压并发症,如心肌梗死、心力衰竭或中风。为了实现这一首要目标,血压降低——或者理想的血压正常化——具有决定性的重要性。根据德国高血压联盟(Deutsche Hochdruckliga)的建议,高血压的特异性和个体化治疗应考虑各种降压药对靶器官的保护作用。在许多情况下,需要联合治疗来控制高血压(血压目标< 140/90 mmHg)。
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引用次数: 0
[Respiratory tract infections--laboratory tests usually unnecessary. New quinolones recommended by professional groups considered]. 呼吸道感染——实验室检查通常是不必要的。专业团体推荐的新喹诺酮类药物。
Pub Date : 1999-02-28
P Steiert
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引用次数: 0
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Fortschritte der Medizin
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