Maksymilian Hanarz, Aleksander Siniarski, Renata Gołębiowska-Wiatrak, Jadwiga Nessler, Krzysztof Piotr Malinowski, Grzegorz Gajos
Background: Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) may play an important role in the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Increased plasma levels of Lp-PLA2 may predict future cardiovascular (CV) events in type 2 diabetes (T2D). The potential beneficial effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on ASCVD have been widely investigated. However, the impact of different PUFA concentrations on Lp-PLA2 remains uncertain.
Objectives: We sought to determine the intergender differences in a population of patients with both T2D and ASCVD regarding Lp-PLA2 mass and the association between Lp-PLA2 mass and plasma levels of PUFA.
Material and methods: In this cross-sectional study, we measured the Lp-PLA2 mass, PUFA concentrations and inflammatory markers in 74 patients (49 males and 25 females) with T2D and ASCVD.
Results: In this very high-risk population, males had, on average, 33.6% higher levels of Lp-PLA2 than females. The Lp-PLA2 mass was positively associated with interleukin 6 (IL-6) (r = 0.27, p = 0.019), creatinine (r = 0.29, p = 0.03) and triglyceride levels (r = 0.41, p = 0.002). Additionally, male gender and higher levels of triglycerides, leptin, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) were independent predictors for an increased Lp-PLA2. Moreover, arachidonic acid (AA) negatively correlated with Lp-PLA2 (r = -0.26, p = 0.024), which was especially apparent in the female subgroup.
Conclusions: In the population of patients with ASCVD and T2D, males present with higher plasma levels of Lp-PLA2 than females. Additionally, higher plasma levels of AA were associated with lower Lp-PLA2 levels. Our findings support the utilization of Lp-PLA2 as a novel biomarker in ASCVD risk assessment in a very high CV risk population.
{"title":"Gender-related and PUFA-related differences in lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.","authors":"Maksymilian Hanarz, Aleksander Siniarski, Renata Gołębiowska-Wiatrak, Jadwiga Nessler, Krzysztof Piotr Malinowski, Grzegorz Gajos","doi":"10.17219/acem/171002","DOIUrl":"10.17219/acem/171002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) may play an important role in the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Increased plasma levels of Lp-PLA2 may predict future cardiovascular (CV) events in type 2 diabetes (T2D). The potential beneficial effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on ASCVD have been widely investigated. However, the impact of different PUFA concentrations on Lp-PLA2 remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We sought to determine the intergender differences in a population of patients with both T2D and ASCVD regarding Lp-PLA2 mass and the association between Lp-PLA2 mass and plasma levels of PUFA.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, we measured the Lp-PLA2 mass, PUFA concentrations and inflammatory markers in 74 patients (49 males and 25 females) with T2D and ASCVD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this very high-risk population, males had, on average, 33.6% higher levels of Lp-PLA2 than females. The Lp-PLA2 mass was positively associated with interleukin 6 (IL-6) (r = 0.27, p = 0.019), creatinine (r = 0.29, p = 0.03) and triglyceride levels (r = 0.41, p = 0.002). Additionally, male gender and higher levels of triglycerides, leptin, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL), and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) were independent predictors for an increased Lp-PLA2. Moreover, arachidonic acid (AA) negatively correlated with Lp-PLA2 (r = -0.26, p = 0.024), which was especially apparent in the female subgroup.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the population of patients with ASCVD and T2D, males present with higher plasma levels of Lp-PLA2 than females. Additionally, higher plasma levels of AA were associated with lower Lp-PLA2 levels. Our findings support the utilization of Lp-PLA2 as a novel biomarker in ASCVD risk assessment in a very high CV risk population.</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41098058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a major cause of irreversible blindness in the working age population. The dysfunction of retinal vascular endothelial cells (RVECs) is the primary cause of PDR. Extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation promotes intracellular signaling required for RVEC proliferation, migration, survival, and tube morphogenesis.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the role of lysyl oxidase (LOX) in the cellular function of RVECs and PDR pathogenesis and to identify the underlying mechanisms.
Material and methods: Protein expression was determined with western blot. The interaction between LOX and elastin (ELN) was detected using a co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay, and the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay evaluated cell viability. A colony formation assay was employed to assess the proliferation of human RVECs (hRVECs), and a transwell assay to determine their migration ability. Streptozotocin was used to establish PDR in mice in vivo. A histological analysis was conducted using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining.
Results: The results showed that LOX was overexpressed in PDR patients. The LOX knockdown suppressed ECM formation and hRVEC proliferation and migration. Additionally, LOX upregulated ELN expression. However, overexpressed ELN promoted hRVEC proliferation and migration. In vivo experiments showed that curcumin-mediated LOX deficiency restored retinal tissue structure.
Conclusions: The LOX-knockdown suppressed ECM formation and hRVEC proliferation and migration by inactivating ELN. Therefore, LOX/ELN signaling may be a potential PDR biomarker.
{"title":"Lysyl oxidase-mediated elastin upregulation promotes the proliferation and migration of human retinal endothelial cells.","authors":"Yu Zhang, Yurong Zhang, Siyu He, Weixing Wang","doi":"10.17219/acem/170999","DOIUrl":"10.17219/acem/170999","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is a major cause of irreversible blindness in the working age population. The dysfunction of retinal vascular endothelial cells (RVECs) is the primary cause of PDR. Extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation promotes intracellular signaling required for RVEC proliferation, migration, survival, and tube morphogenesis.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the role of lysyl oxidase (LOX) in the cellular function of RVECs and PDR pathogenesis and to identify the underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Protein expression was determined with western blot. The interaction between LOX and elastin (ELN) was detected using a co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay, and the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay evaluated cell viability. A colony formation assay was employed to assess the proliferation of human RVECs (hRVECs), and a transwell assay to determine their migration ability. Streptozotocin was used to establish PDR in mice in vivo. A histological analysis was conducted using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that LOX was overexpressed in PDR patients. The LOX knockdown suppressed ECM formation and hRVEC proliferation and migration. Additionally, LOX upregulated ELN expression. However, overexpressed ELN promoted hRVEC proliferation and migration. In vivo experiments showed that curcumin-mediated LOX deficiency restored retinal tissue structure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The LOX-knockdown suppressed ECM formation and hRVEC proliferation and migration by inactivating ELN. Therefore, LOX/ELN signaling may be a potential PDR biomarker.</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139728762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianping Wang, Jian Zhang, Jie Gao, Mengmeng Zhao, Zhenkai Ma
Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) is a major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, bringing tremendous pressure to the healthcare system and patients. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the main subtype of EC in the Chinese population.
Objectives: This study aimed to extend the neoadjuvant therapy cycle to 4 cycles and evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy for the treatment of resectable ESCC.
Material and methods: The enrolled patients received neoadjuvant camrelizumab (200 mg, day 1), nab-paclitaxel (260 mg/m2, day 1) and carboplatin (area under curve; 5 mg/mL/min) every 21 days for 4 cycles, and surgery was performed within 4-6 weeks after the first day of the 4th treatment cycle. The primary endpoint of the study was the pathological complete response (pCR) rate.
Results: From December 15, 2021, to October 1, 2022, a total of 35 patients were enrolled in the study. All patients completed the full 4-cycle treatment and were deemed fit for surgical intervention. Thirty-four (97.1%) patients achieved R0 resection, 18 (51.4%) showed a pCR rate, and 27 (77.1%) achieved a major pathological response (MPR). Tumor degradation was observed in 30 out of 35 patients (85.7%). Multivariate logistic regression analyses further confirmed that age (odds ratio (OR) = 6.710, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 3.512-44.403) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) (OR = 2.855, 95% CI: 1.181-3.079) were independent predictors of pCR. The most prevalent adverse event (AE) was leukopenia, which was experienced by 23 out of 35 patients (65.7%). Grade 3 or higher AEs included leukopenia in 2 cases (5.7%) and neutropenia in 12 cases (34.3%). No delays in surgery were observed.
Conclusions: As demonstrated in this study, the 4 cycles of camrelizumab combined with nab-paclitaxel and carboplatin, which exhibited a relatively high pCR rate and acceptable safety, suggest a strong rationale for its further evaluation in resectable ESCC.
{"title":"Neoadjuvant camrelizumab and chemotherapy in patients with resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A prospective, single-arm, open-label study.","authors":"Jianping Wang, Jian Zhang, Jie Gao, Mengmeng Zhao, Zhenkai Ma","doi":"10.17219/acem/170265","DOIUrl":"10.17219/acem/170265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Esophageal cancer (EC) is a major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, bringing tremendous pressure to the healthcare system and patients. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the main subtype of EC in the Chinese population.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to extend the neoadjuvant therapy cycle to 4 cycles and evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy for the treatment of resectable ESCC.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The enrolled patients received neoadjuvant camrelizumab (200 mg, day 1), nab-paclitaxel (260 mg/m2, day 1) and carboplatin (area under curve; 5 mg/mL/min) every 21 days for 4 cycles, and surgery was performed within 4-6 weeks after the first day of the 4th treatment cycle. The primary endpoint of the study was the pathological complete response (pCR) rate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From December 15, 2021, to October 1, 2022, a total of 35 patients were enrolled in the study. All patients completed the full 4-cycle treatment and were deemed fit for surgical intervention. Thirty-four (97.1%) patients achieved R0 resection, 18 (51.4%) showed a pCR rate, and 27 (77.1%) achieved a major pathological response (MPR). Tumor degradation was observed in 30 out of 35 patients (85.7%). Multivariate logistic regression analyses further confirmed that age (odds ratio (OR) = 6.710, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 3.512-44.403) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) (OR = 2.855, 95% CI: 1.181-3.079) were independent predictors of pCR. The most prevalent adverse event (AE) was leukopenia, which was experienced by 23 out of 35 patients (65.7%). Grade 3 or higher AEs included leukopenia in 2 cases (5.7%) and neutropenia in 12 cases (34.3%). No delays in surgery were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As demonstrated in this study, the 4 cycles of camrelizumab combined with nab-paclitaxel and carboplatin, which exhibited a relatively high pCR rate and acceptable safety, suggest a strong rationale for its further evaluation in resectable ESCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10173536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michał K Zarobkiewicz, Natalia Lehman, Wioleta Kowalska, Izabela Dąbrowska, Agnieszka Bojarska-Junak
Background: Gamma-delta (γδ) T cells comprise an important subset of human T cells, responding to viral and bacterial infections, and are significant for cancer immunosurveillance. Human γδ T cells are divided into 5 major subsets, namely Vδ1-Vδ5, of which the latter 3 have limited available literature. At present, Vδ2 is the most studied subpopulation.
Objectives: In the current paper, we focused on non-Vδ2 cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We assessed the expression of co-inhibitory checkpoint receptors (CTLA-4, PD-1 and TIGIT) and co-stimulatory (CD226 and NKp30) molecules separately on Vδ1 and Vδ3-Vδ5 cells.
Material and methods: We assessed γδ T cells for their expression of both cytotoxicity-related (NKp30, CD226) and co-inhibitory (PD-1, TIGIT) molecules with flow cytometry in CLL patients. Moreover, we evaluated the expression of TIGIT and CD226 ligand (PVR , CD155) in neoplastic B cells in CLL patients with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).
Results: A significant accumulation of Vδ1 T cells was noted, while no difference was observed in the total percentage of Vδ2 cells. Contrary to our initial hypothesis, the impact of CLL burden on CD226 and TIGIT expression was lower than anticipated. The former tends to be lower in more advanced disease. Finally, a strong upregulation of CD155 (PVR) was noted on CLL-derived B cells when compared to healthy B cells.
Conclusions: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia regulates the expression of the CD155-CD226/TIGIT axis. Contrary to expectations, the ligand is significantly more affected than the receptors. Nevertheless, the relatively high expression of CD155 and TIGIT makes CLL an interesting target for anti-TIGIT immunotherapy.
{"title":"Expression of CD226 on γδ T cells is lower in advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia and correlates with IgA, IgG and LDH levels.","authors":"Michał K Zarobkiewicz, Natalia Lehman, Wioleta Kowalska, Izabela Dąbrowska, Agnieszka Bojarska-Junak","doi":"10.17219/acem/186335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/acem/186335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gamma-delta (γδ) T cells comprise an important subset of human T cells, responding to viral and bacterial infections, and are significant for cancer immunosurveillance. Human γδ T cells are divided into 5 major subsets, namely Vδ1-Vδ5, of which the latter 3 have limited available literature. At present, Vδ2 is the most studied subpopulation.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In the current paper, we focused on non-Vδ2 cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). We assessed the expression of co-inhibitory checkpoint receptors (CTLA-4, PD-1 and TIGIT) and co-stimulatory (CD226 and NKp30) molecules separately on Vδ1 and Vδ3-Vδ5 cells.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We assessed γδ T cells for their expression of both cytotoxicity-related (NKp30, CD226) and co-inhibitory (PD-1, TIGIT) molecules with flow cytometry in CLL patients. Moreover, we evaluated the expression of TIGIT and CD226 ligand (PVR , CD155) in neoplastic B cells in CLL patients with quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant accumulation of Vδ1 T cells was noted, while no difference was observed in the total percentage of Vδ2 cells. Contrary to our initial hypothesis, the impact of CLL burden on CD226 and TIGIT expression was lower than anticipated. The former tends to be lower in more advanced disease. Finally, a strong upregulation of CD155 (PVR) was noted on CLL-derived B cells when compared to healthy B cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chronic lymphocytic leukemia regulates the expression of the CD155-CD226/TIGIT axis. Contrary to expectations, the ligand is significantly more affected than the receptors. Nevertheless, the relatively high expression of CD155 and TIGIT makes CLL an interesting target for anti-TIGIT immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141183341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elżbieta Rutkowska, Iwona Kwiecień, Agata Raniszewska, Krzysztof Kłos, Iwona Melnicka, Piotr Rzepecki, Andrzej Chciałowski
Background: The coronavirus pandemic has become the most critical global health threat of this century and the greatest challenge to the human population. The search for simple and quick diagnostic methods enabling the identification of patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus may be a valuable method to track infection.
Objectives: The aim of the study was the clinical and immunological characterization of patients by assessing the degrees of maturity of T lymphocytes from the 1st and 5th waves of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in comparison to a healthy control group (HC).
Material and methods: We determined leukocyte and T lymphocyte subpopulations (recent thymic emigrant (RTE), naïve, effector, central memory and effector memory) in patients from the 1st COVID-19 wave (n = 23), the 5th COVID-19 wave (n = 38) and HC (n=20) using a panel of monoclonal antibodies using multiparameter flow cytometry.
Results: We observed a lower median proportion of lymphocytes and NK cells, and elevated percentage and number of neutrophils in patients from the 5th wave compared to the 1st. We found a reduced percentage of CD4+ effector memory cells in the 1st wave group compared to the 5th wave (14.1 vs 23.2, p < 0.05), and a higher percentage of RTE and naïve CD8+ cells in the 1st wave compared to the 5th wave (p < 0.05). The effector memory CD8+ cells were highest in the 5th wave compared to both 1st wave and HC patients (respectively, 35.1 vs 18.1 vs 19.3%, p < 0.05). The 5th wave group showed significantly more differences compared to HC.
Conclusions: Our results showed a clear increase of effector cells with a simultaneous decrease in virgin T cells in the 5th COVID-19 infection. Monitoring lymphocyte subsets during infection allows assessment of the patient's immune status and of readiness of lymphocytes to respond to the immune response, and may be necessary to improve clinical outcomes.
背景:冠状病毒大流行已成为本世纪最严重的全球健康威胁和人类面临的最大挑战。寻找简单、快速的诊断方法来识别 SARS-CoV-2 病毒感染者,可能是追踪感染情况的一种有价值的方法:本研究的目的是通过评估 2019 年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)第 1 波和第 5 波患者的 T 淋巴细胞成熟度,与健康对照组(HC)进行比较,从而确定患者的临床和免疫学特征:我们利用多参数流式细胞术,使用一组单克隆抗体测定了COVID-19第1波(n=23)、COVID-19第5波(n=38)和HC(n=20)患者的白细胞和T淋巴细胞亚群(新近胸腺移出者(RTE)、幼稚型、效应型、中枢记忆型和效应记忆型):我们观察到,与第 1 波相比,第 5 波患者的淋巴细胞和 NK 细胞的中位比例较低,中性粒细胞的比例和数量较高。我们发现,与第 5 波相比,第 1 波组的 CD4+ 效应记忆细胞比例降低(14.1 vs 23.2,p < 0.05),与第 5 波相比,第 1 波组的 RTE 和幼稚 CD8+ 细胞比例升高(p < 0.05)。与第 1 波和 HC 患者相比,第 5 波患者的效应记忆 CD8+ 细胞比例最高(分别为 35.1 vs 18.1 vs 19.3%,P < 0.05)。与 HC 相比,第 5 波组的差异明显更大:我们的研究结果表明,在第 5 次 COVID-19 感染中,效应细胞明显增加,原始 T 细胞同时减少。在感染期间监测淋巴细胞亚群可评估患者的免疫状态和淋巴细胞对免疫反应的准备情况,这对改善临床结果可能是必要的。
{"title":"Comparison of T cell maturation profiles in the 1st and 5th wave of COVID-19 in the Polish population.","authors":"Elżbieta Rutkowska, Iwona Kwiecień, Agata Raniszewska, Krzysztof Kłos, Iwona Melnicka, Piotr Rzepecki, Andrzej Chciałowski","doi":"10.17219/acem/186813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/acem/186813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The coronavirus pandemic has become the most critical global health threat of this century and the greatest challenge to the human population. The search for simple and quick diagnostic methods enabling the identification of patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus may be a valuable method to track infection.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was the clinical and immunological characterization of patients by assessing the degrees of maturity of T lymphocytes from the 1st and 5th waves of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in comparison to a healthy control group (HC).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We determined leukocyte and T lymphocyte subpopulations (recent thymic emigrant (RTE), naïve, effector, central memory and effector memory) in patients from the 1st COVID-19 wave (n = 23), the 5th COVID-19 wave (n = 38) and HC (n=20) using a panel of monoclonal antibodies using multiparameter flow cytometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed a lower median proportion of lymphocytes and NK cells, and elevated percentage and number of neutrophils in patients from the 5th wave compared to the 1st. We found a reduced percentage of CD4+ effector memory cells in the 1st wave group compared to the 5th wave (14.1 vs 23.2, p < 0.05), and a higher percentage of RTE and naïve CD8+ cells in the 1st wave compared to the 5th wave (p < 0.05). The effector memory CD8+ cells were highest in the 5th wave compared to both 1st wave and HC patients (respectively, 35.1 vs 18.1 vs 19.3%, p < 0.05). The 5th wave group showed significantly more differences compared to HC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results showed a clear increase of effector cells with a simultaneous decrease in virgin T cells in the 5th COVID-19 infection. Monitoring lymphocyte subsets during infection allows assessment of the patient's immune status and of readiness of lymphocytes to respond to the immune response, and may be necessary to improve clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141183338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Liqi Tongbian is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation that contains herbs that may treat slow transit constipation (STC). Atractylodes macrocephala, Astragalus membranaceus, Fructus aurantii, radish seed, uncooked Polygonum multiflorum, and Agastache rugosa were included in the formula for their unique qualities. The control of water transfer in the colon is greatly influenced by aquaporin 3 (AQP3).
Objectives: Based on this, the Liqi Tongbian mixture was used to detect the concentrations of aquaporins (AQPs), 5-HT and nitrix oxide synthase 1 (NOS1) in STC rats, and explore its effect, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the remedy of STC with TCM.
Material and methods: Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine provided 32 three-week-old Sprague Dawley rats of SPF-grade. The pairs licensed under SYXK (Zhejiang) 2021-0012 were kept at 20-25°C and humidity of 50-65%. The compound diphenoxylate caused constipation in the control, model, Liqi laxative (LQTB), and mosapride groups. The Liqi laxative rats were administered a mixture of traditional Chinese herbs after modeling, while mosapride was given to the other group. The levels of 5-HT, NOS1 and AQPs were tested in the feces and intestinal tissues.
Results: Comparing the condition of rat feces, it was found that the model group had significantly lower overall bulk, score and particles within 24 h compared to the control group. In comparison to mosapride, LQTB performed better. The model group had higher levels of 5-HT and NOS1 in intestinal tissue, while the LQTB and mosapride groups had decreased levels of these AQPs. LQTB had lower levels of AQP1, AQP3 and AQP4 than mosapride, while the model group had higher levels of these AQPs.
Conclusions: Liqi Tongbian mixture works better than mosapride in improving constipation symptoms in rats with STC, and its mechanism is related to regulating the level of intestinal AQPs and neurotransmitters.
{"title":"Study on regulating AQP1, AQP3, AQP4, 5-HT, NOS1 in slow transit constipation rats by Liqi Tongbian mixture.","authors":"Min Liu, Jianyong Chen, Chenger Zhan, Shuwen Wu, Zhaolin Zhang, Chenyang Wang, Linlin Shi, Dongya Chen","doi":"10.17219/acem/175808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/acem/175808","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Liqi Tongbian is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) preparation that contains herbs that may treat slow transit constipation (STC). Atractylodes macrocephala, Astragalus membranaceus, Fructus aurantii, radish seed, uncooked Polygonum multiflorum, and Agastache rugosa were included in the formula for their unique qualities. The control of water transfer in the colon is greatly influenced by aquaporin 3 (AQP3).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Based on this, the Liqi Tongbian mixture was used to detect the concentrations of aquaporins (AQPs), 5-HT and nitrix oxide synthase 1 (NOS1) in STC rats, and explore its effect, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the remedy of STC with TCM.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine provided 32 three-week-old Sprague Dawley rats of SPF-grade. The pairs licensed under SYXK (Zhejiang) 2021-0012 were kept at 20-25°C and humidity of 50-65%. The compound diphenoxylate caused constipation in the control, model, Liqi laxative (LQTB), and mosapride groups. The Liqi laxative rats were administered a mixture of traditional Chinese herbs after modeling, while mosapride was given to the other group. The levels of 5-HT, NOS1 and AQPs were tested in the feces and intestinal tissues.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Comparing the condition of rat feces, it was found that the model group had significantly lower overall bulk, score and particles within 24 h compared to the control group. In comparison to mosapride, LQTB performed better. The model group had higher levels of 5-HT and NOS1 in intestinal tissue, while the LQTB and mosapride groups had decreased levels of these AQPs. LQTB had lower levels of AQP1, AQP3 and AQP4 than mosapride, while the model group had higher levels of these AQPs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Liqi Tongbian mixture works better than mosapride in improving constipation symptoms in rats with STC, and its mechanism is related to regulating the level of intestinal AQPs and neurotransmitters.</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141183343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiao Bo Li, Jia Li Liu, Shuang Zhao, Jing Li, Guang-Yan Zhang, Qing Tang, Wei Yong Chen
Background: Inflammation-induced apoptosis of alveolar type II epithelial cells is a primary contributor to sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Klotho is a single-pass transmembrane protein with anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. However, the role and mechanism of Klotho in the development of ARDS remains unknown.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Klotho on sepsis-induced apoptosis in human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (HPAEpiCs) together with the potential mechanism.
Material and methods: Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) were performed to generate an in vivo sepsis model, and HPAEpiCs were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic sepsis in vitro. Both models were administered recombinant Klotho protein. The morphology of the lung tissue was observed, and apoptotic cells and cell viability were detected. Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and cleaved caspase-3 was detected with western blotting.
Results: Klotho reversed the CLP-induced decrease in mouse survival in vivo (p < 0.001) and increased inflammatory cell infiltration and inflammatory substance exudation in the lung tissue of mice with sepsis (both p < 0.001). Klotho also suppressed apoptosis (p < 0.001) as demonstrated by IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α expression (all p < 0.001), and Bcl-2/Bax/caspase-3 pathway activation (p < 0.001). Klotho pretreatment significantly prevented LPS-induced apoptosis in vitro (p < 0.001), as demonstrated by IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α upregulation (all p < 0.001); and Bcl-2/Bax/caspase-3 pathway activation in HPAEpiCs (p < 0.001).
Conclusions: This study demonstrated that Klotho can ameliorate acute lung injury (ALI) induced by sepsis by inhibiting inflammatory responses and exerting anti-apoptotic effects by suppressing Bcl-2/Bax/caspase-3 pathway activation.
{"title":"Recombinant Klotho protein protects pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells against sepsis-induced apoptosis by inhibiting the Bcl-2/Bax/caspase-3 pathway.","authors":"Xiao Bo Li, Jia Li Liu, Shuang Zhao, Jing Li, Guang-Yan Zhang, Qing Tang, Wei Yong Chen","doi":"10.17219/acem/184639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/acem/184639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Inflammation-induced apoptosis of alveolar type II epithelial cells is a primary contributor to sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Klotho is a single-pass transmembrane protein with anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects. However, the role and mechanism of Klotho in the development of ARDS remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effect of Klotho on sepsis-induced apoptosis in human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (HPAEpiCs) together with the potential mechanism.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) were performed to generate an in vivo sepsis model, and HPAEpiCs were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic sepsis in vitro. Both models were administered recombinant Klotho protein. The morphology of the lung tissue was observed, and apoptotic cells and cell viability were detected. Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and cleaved caspase-3 was detected with western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Klotho reversed the CLP-induced decrease in mouse survival in vivo (p < 0.001) and increased inflammatory cell infiltration and inflammatory substance exudation in the lung tissue of mice with sepsis (both p < 0.001). Klotho also suppressed apoptosis (p < 0.001) as demonstrated by IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α expression (all p < 0.001), and Bcl-2/Bax/caspase-3 pathway activation (p < 0.001). Klotho pretreatment significantly prevented LPS-induced apoptosis in vitro (p < 0.001), as demonstrated by IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α upregulation (all p < 0.001); and Bcl-2/Bax/caspase-3 pathway activation in HPAEpiCs (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated that Klotho can ameliorate acute lung injury (ALI) induced by sepsis by inhibiting inflammatory responses and exerting anti-apoptotic effects by suppressing Bcl-2/Bax/caspase-3 pathway activation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140920117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ye Zhao, Shi Rong Huang, Yu Jie Zhang, Yong Qiang Chen, Wen Gang Liu, Fu Shun Gu, Hui Wen, Xi Lin Xu, Jiu Yi Chen, Da Xiang Jin, Hong Yin, Zhong Dong, Wei An Yuan, Hong Sheng Zhan
Background: Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is one of the most common diseases and is a global medical and socioeconomic problem characterized by leg or back pain, weakness in the lower extremities and paresthesia.
Objectives: A multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, parallel, positive-controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Yaobitong capsules (YBT) for LDH.
Material and methods: Patients (n = 479) were recruited and randomized into YBT and Jingyaokang capsule (JYK) groups (the positive control), and received YBT or JYK at a dose of 3 capsules 3 times per day after a meal for 30 days. The primary efficacy outcome was the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), with the visual analogue scale (VAS) used as the secondary efficacy outcome. The adverse events and adverse reactions were also evaluated.
Results: There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between YBT (n = 358) and JYK groups (n = 120), and no difference was observed between groups for mean ODI score at day 0 (p = 0.064) or day 7 (p = 0.196), but there were differences at days 14, 21 and 30 (p < 0.001). The YBT showed more decline from baseline, and the decreased ODI score was substantially different from JYK (p < 0.001). The differences in decreased VAS scores between YBT and JYK were also significant at each time point (days 7, 14, 21, and 30), with better scores in the YBT group than in the JYK group (p < 0.001). In terms of safety, there was no obvious disparity in adverse events or adverse reactions between the 2 groups (p > 0.05).
Conclusions: Yaobitong was better than JYK for LDH treatment, with no significant difference in safety. The study suggests that YBT is a promising and effective treatment for LDH.
{"title":"Safety and efficacy of Yaobitong capsules for lumbar disc herniation: A multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, parallel, positive-controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Ye Zhao, Shi Rong Huang, Yu Jie Zhang, Yong Qiang Chen, Wen Gang Liu, Fu Shun Gu, Hui Wen, Xi Lin Xu, Jiu Yi Chen, Da Xiang Jin, Hong Yin, Zhong Dong, Wei An Yuan, Hong Sheng Zhan","doi":"10.17219/acem/185523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17219/acem/185523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) is one of the most common diseases and is a global medical and socioeconomic problem characterized by leg or back pain, weakness in the lower extremities and paresthesia.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>A multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, parallel, positive-controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Yaobitong capsules (YBT) for LDH.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Patients (n = 479) were recruited and randomized into YBT and Jingyaokang capsule (JYK) groups (the positive control), and received YBT or JYK at a dose of 3 capsules 3 times per day after a meal for 30 days. The primary efficacy outcome was the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), with the visual analogue scale (VAS) used as the secondary efficacy outcome. The adverse events and adverse reactions were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between YBT (n = 358) and JYK groups (n = 120), and no difference was observed between groups for mean ODI score at day 0 (p = 0.064) or day 7 (p = 0.196), but there were differences at days 14, 21 and 30 (p < 0.001). The YBT showed more decline from baseline, and the decreased ODI score was substantially different from JYK (p < 0.001). The differences in decreased VAS scores between YBT and JYK were also significant at each time point (days 7, 14, 21, and 30), with better scores in the YBT group than in the JYK group (p < 0.001). In terms of safety, there was no obvious disparity in adverse events or adverse reactions between the 2 groups (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Yaobitong was better than JYK for LDH treatment, with no significant difference in safety. The study suggests that YBT is a promising and effective treatment for LDH.</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140911351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhihe Zeng, Xiao Tian, Lin Li, Yugang Diao, Tiezheng Zhang
Background: Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting-associated acute kidney injury (OPCAB-AKI) is related to 30-day perioperative mortality. Existing mathematical models cannot be applied to help clinicians make early diagnosis and intervention decisions.
Objectives: This study used an interpretable machine learning method to establish and screen an optimized OPCAB-AKI prediction model.
Material and methods: Clinical data of 1110 patients who underwent OPCAB in the Department of Cardiac Surgery of General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (Shenyang, China) from January 2018 to December 2020 were collected retrospectively. Four machine learning models were used, including logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). The SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) tool was used for explanatory analysis of the black-box model. The mean absolute value of the characteristic SHAP parameter was defined and sorted. The correlation between the characteristic parameters and OPCAB-AKI was determined based on the SHAP value. A quantitative analysis of a single characteristic and an interaction analysis of multiple characteristics were carried out for the main risk factors.
Results: The RF prediction model had the best performance, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.90, a precision rate of 0.80, an accuracy rate of 0.83, a recall rate of 0.74, and an F1 score of 0.78 for positive samples. The interpretation analysis of the SHAP model results showed that intraoperative urine volume contributed to the greatest extent to the RF model, and other parameters included intraoperative sufentanil dosage, intraoperative dexmedetomidine dosage, cyclic variation coefficient during the induction period, intraoperative hypotension duration, age, preoperative baseline serum creatinine, body mass index (BMI), and Acute Physiology, Age and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score.
Conclusions: The model constructed by the RF ensemble learning algorithm predicted OPCAB-AKI, and indicators such as intraoperative urine volume were closely related to OPCAB-AKI.
{"title":"An interpretable machine learning model to predict off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting-associated acute kidney injury.","authors":"Zhihe Zeng, Xiao Tian, Lin Li, Yugang Diao, Tiezheng Zhang","doi":"10.17219/acem/169609","DOIUrl":"10.17219/acem/169609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting-associated acute kidney injury (OPCAB-AKI) is related to 30-day perioperative mortality. Existing mathematical models cannot be applied to help clinicians make early diagnosis and intervention decisions.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study used an interpretable machine learning method to establish and screen an optimized OPCAB-AKI prediction model.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Clinical data of 1110 patients who underwent OPCAB in the Department of Cardiac Surgery of General Hospital of Northern Theater Command (Shenyang, China) from January 2018 to December 2020 were collected retrospectively. Four machine learning models were used, including logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). The SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) tool was used for explanatory analysis of the black-box model. The mean absolute value of the characteristic SHAP parameter was defined and sorted. The correlation between the characteristic parameters and OPCAB-AKI was determined based on the SHAP value. A quantitative analysis of a single characteristic and an interaction analysis of multiple characteristics were carried out for the main risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The RF prediction model had the best performance, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.90, a precision rate of 0.80, an accuracy rate of 0.83, a recall rate of 0.74, and an F1 score of 0.78 for positive samples. The interpretation analysis of the SHAP model results showed that intraoperative urine volume contributed to the greatest extent to the RF model, and other parameters included intraoperative sufentanil dosage, intraoperative dexmedetomidine dosage, cyclic variation coefficient during the induction period, intraoperative hypotension duration, age, preoperative baseline serum creatinine, body mass index (BMI), and Acute Physiology, Age and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The model constructed by the RF ensemble learning algorithm predicted OPCAB-AKI, and indicators such as intraoperative urine volume were closely related to OPCAB-AKI.</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10024120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) is a common surgical complication that can result in bladder overdistension, urinary tract infection and an extended hospital stay. Although neostigmine is an effective therapy for POUR, its usage remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of neostigmine in improving POUR after surgery. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases were reviewed. A methodical search approach was used for data extraction, while meta-analysis and bias analysis employed Review Manager 5.2 and MedCalc. Fourteen studies involving 4196 postoperative patients were included. With an odds ratio (OR) of 1.70, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of 1.11-2.60 and an overall effect with p < 0.05, our analysis indicated that the patients receiving neostigmine had a greater effective urine retention rate than after other standard therapies. The subgroup analysis showed that neostigmine recipients had reduced residual urine volume (mean difference (MD) = -1.16, 95% CI: -2.05--0.27, overall p < 0.05, and I2 = 90%) and POUR (standardized MD (SMD) = 3.76, 95% CI: 2.19-5.34, overall p < 0.001, and I2 = 99% using a random effects model) as compared to controls. A random-effects model was utilized due to the substantial heterogeneity between trials. The studies were consistent and had no publication bias. Based on the findings of this meta-analysis, neostigmine can be considered an effective POUR treatment.
术后尿潴留(POUR)是一种常见的外科并发症,可导致膀胱过度扩张、尿路感染和住院时间延长。尽管新斯的明是治疗 POUR 的有效方法,但其使用仍存在争议。本研究旨在探讨新斯的明在改善术后POUR方面的有效性。研究人员查阅了 PubMed、Embase、Web of Science 和 Cochrane Library 数据库。数据提取采用方法学检索法,荟萃分析和偏倚分析采用 Review Manager 5.2 和 MedCalc。共纳入 14 项研究,涉及 4196 名术后患者。我们的分析表明,接受新斯的明治疗的患者的有效尿潴留率高于接受其他标准疗法的患者,其几率比(OR)为 1.70,95% 置信区间(95% CI)为 1.11-2.60,总效应(P < 0.05)为 1.70。亚组分析表明,与对照组相比,接受新斯的明治疗的患者残余尿量减少(平均差(MD)=-1.16,95% CI:-2.05--0.27,总体 p < 0.05,I2 = 90%),POUR(标准化 MD(SMD)= 3.76,95% CI:2.19-5.34,总体 p < 0.001,使用随机效应模型,I2 = 99%)。由于试验之间存在很大的异质性,因此采用了随机效应模型。研究结果一致,无发表偏倚。根据这项荟萃分析的结果,可以认为新斯的明是一种有效的 POUR 治疗方法。
{"title":"Neostigmine for postoperative surgical urine retention: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Qingli Chen, Na Li, Yue Wu","doi":"10.17219/acem/169608","DOIUrl":"10.17219/acem/169608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) is a common surgical complication that can result in bladder overdistension, urinary tract infection and an extended hospital stay. Although neostigmine is an effective therapy for POUR, its usage remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of neostigmine in improving POUR after surgery. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases were reviewed. A methodical search approach was used for data extraction, while meta-analysis and bias analysis employed Review Manager 5.2 and MedCalc. Fourteen studies involving 4196 postoperative patients were included. With an odds ratio (OR) of 1.70, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of 1.11-2.60 and an overall effect with p < 0.05, our analysis indicated that the patients receiving neostigmine had a greater effective urine retention rate than after other standard therapies. The subgroup analysis showed that neostigmine recipients had reduced residual urine volume (mean difference (MD) = -1.16, 95% CI: -2.05--0.27, overall p < 0.05, and I2 = 90%) and POUR (standardized MD (SMD) = 3.76, 95% CI: 2.19-5.34, overall p < 0.001, and I2 = 99% using a random effects model) as compared to controls. A random-effects model was utilized due to the substantial heterogeneity between trials. The studies were consistent and had no publication bias. Based on the findings of this meta-analysis, neostigmine can be considered an effective POUR treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7306,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10202660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}