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Mapping European Digital Heritage Politics: An Empirical Study of Europeana as a Web-based Network 绘制欧洲数字遗产政治:欧洲作为一个基于网络的网络的实证研究
Pub Date : 2023-10-12 DOI: 10.1080/2159032x.2023.2266801
Carlotta Capurro, Marta Severo
Europeana is a cultural heritage initiative financed by the European Union (EU) with the primary scope of curating a platform aggregating digital collections of European cultural heritage. Among other tasks, Europeana designs best practices and digital tools aligned with the EU’s digital cultural policy to support the digitization of cultural heritage institutions in the member states. Therefore, it can be considered a socio-political actor building an international network. Nevertheless, it has mainly been studied as a digital service. To investigate Europeana’s impact on the European cultural sector, this work proposes a three-level methodology combining web mapping, close reading of websites, and statistical analysis. This methodology offers a comprehensive picture of the Europeana platform’s role on the web, providing evidence of its action as a social hub gathering a network of national and local actors in the European cultural environment.
Europeana是由欧盟资助的一项文化遗产倡议,其主要范围是策划一个汇集欧洲文化遗产数字收藏的平台。在其他任务中,Europeana设计了符合欧盟数字文化政策的最佳实践和数字工具,以支持成员国文化遗产机构的数字化。因此,它可以被视为一个建立国际网络的社会政治行动者。然而,它主要是作为一种数字服务来研究的。为了调查Europeana对欧洲文化部门的影响,这项工作提出了一种结合网络地图、网站细读和统计分析的三级方法。这种方法提供了Europeana平台在网络上的角色的全面图景,提供了它作为一个社会中心在欧洲文化环境中聚集国家和地方行动者网络的证据。
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引用次数: 0
The Global Competition of the Intangible. UNESCO as a Producer of Heritage Brands 无形资产的全球竞争。联合国教科文组织成为文化遗产品牌的生产者
Pub Date : 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.1080/2159032X.2023.2226572
Beatriz Santamarina
ABSTRACT In 2003, UNESCO took a turn in its heritage policies with the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage. From that point on, intangible assets were equated in quality and character with the cultural and natural heritage that had been defined as world heritage three decades earlier. The beginning of this recognition coincided with the expansion of the creative economy and the development of the new spirit of capitalism. In this context, this paper aims to analyze how the market opened up to the intangible by examining the Fallas Festivity (Spain), included in the List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2016. For this purpose, we present the different levels of competition that come into play; explore how a variety of different meanings are shaped when a UNESCO asset is activated by the political sphere and the media; and we examine the bureaucratic process involved in achieving a UNESCO listing. The case considered here allows us to observe the existence of a global competition for entering the heritage market circuit, which has become increasingly demanding and linked to the demands of the tourism industry, in which the UNESCO brand plays a key role. The global struggle for the UNESCO seal and heritage brand management has placed our collective heritage in a prominent position in political agendas.
2003年,联合国教科文组织通过了《保护非物质文化遗产公约》,对其遗产政策进行了重大调整。从那时起,无形资产在质量和性质上被等同于三十年前被确定为世界遗产的文化和自然遗产。这种认识的开始与创造性经济的扩张和资本主义新精神的发展同时发生。在此背景下,本文旨在通过研究2016年列入人类非物质文化遗产名录的西班牙法拉斯节日来分析市场是如何向非物质文化遗产开放的。为此,我们介绍了不同级别的竞争;探讨政治领域和媒体激活教科文组织资产时如何形成各种不同的意义;我们还研究了实现联合国教科文组织名录所涉及的官僚程序。这里考虑的案例让我们看到了进入遗产市场的全球竞争的存在,这一竞争越来越苛刻,并与旅游业的需求联系在一起,而联合国教科文组织的品牌在旅游业中发挥着关键作用。争取教科文组织印章和遗产品牌管理的全球斗争使我们的集体遗产在政治议程中处于突出地位。
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引用次数: 0
Communicating and Disseminating Rock Art Research on Facebook: The ERC Artsoundscapes Project Goes Public. 在Facebook上交流和传播岩石艺术研究:ERC艺术景观项目上市。
Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/2159032X.2022.2098653
Laura Coltofean-Arizancu, Tommaso Mattioli, Margarita Díaz-Andreu

This article explores the potential of social media in disseminating and communicating archaeological knowledge and the ways in which their impact on the public can be enhanced through marketing plans. It examines the implementation of such a plan in the context of the Facebook page of the ERC Advanced Grant project "The sound of special places: exploring rock art soundscapes and the sacred" (acronym: Artsoundscapes). Using quantitative and qualitative data provided by the Facebook Insights altmetrics tool, the article evaluates the general performance of the Artsoundscapes page and measures the effectiveness of the marketing plan. It discusses the components of marketing plans with emphasis on a carefully designed content strategy that, in the case of the Artsoundscapes Facebook page, in only 19 months of existence has resulted in the organic development of an active online community of 757 fans and 787 followers from 45 countries. The marketing plan has contributed to raising awareness of the Artsoundscapes project and an emerging, highly specialized and little-known branch of archaeology - the archaeoacoustics of rock art sites. It rapidly and engagingly disseminates the project's activities and outcomes among both specialist and non-specialist audiences, and informs the non-specialist public about relevant advances in the multiple fields - rock art studies, acoustics, music archaeology and ethnomusicology - that intersect in it. The article concludes that social media are effective means for archaeologists and archaeological organizations and projects to reach various audiences, and that marketing plans significantly augment this process.

本文探讨了社交媒体在传播和交流考古知识方面的潜力,以及通过营销计划增强其对公众影响的方式。它在ERC高级资助项目“特殊地方的声音:探索岩石艺术声景和神圣”(首字母缩写:艺术声景)的Facebook页面的背景下检查了这样一个计划的实施。通过使用Facebook Insights替代度量工具提供的定量和定性数据,本文评估了artssoundscape页面的总体表现,并衡量了营销计划的有效性。它讨论了营销计划的组成部分,重点是精心设计的内容策略,以artssoundscape Facebook页面为例,仅19个月的存在就导致了一个活跃的在线社区的有机发展,其中包括来自45个国家的757名粉丝和787名追随者。该营销计划有助于提高人们对艺术景观项目的认识,以及考古学中一个新兴的、高度专业化的、鲜为人知的分支——岩石艺术遗址的考古声学。它在专家和非专业观众中迅速而引人入胜地传播项目的活动和成果,并向非专业公众通报在多个领域的相关进展-岩石艺术研究,声学,音乐考古学和民族音乐学-交叉在其中。这篇文章的结论是,社交媒体是考古学家和考古组织和项目接触各种受众的有效手段,而营销计划大大增强了这一过程。
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引用次数: 0
Affective Infrastructures of Re-emergence? Exploring Modalities of Heritage Practices in Nantes. 再现的情感基础?探索南特的遗产实践模式。
Pub Date : 2021-02-09 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/2159032X.2021.1883981
Britta Timm Knudsen, Christoffer Kølvraa

The French city of Nantes has been heralded for both its creative and complex engagements with the dark heritage of its history as France's main slave port. In this article we examine the ways in which the colonial heritage has been dealt with in Nantes, arguing that we find here various processes and initiatives which can be understood as expressing or combining what we suggest are four main modes of colonial heritage practice: Repression, Removal, Reframing and Re-emergence. We discuss how the city authorities and local organizations with a focus on colonial heritage have ended the silent repression of the city's slave trading heritage, and to some extent entirely reframed the city as a center of avant-garde art and culture, e.g., through the 2012 construction of Memorial to the Abolition of Slavery. Finally, we critically analyze the domesticating effect of this reframing as well as practices of removal which, by contrast, have been used to reintroduce decolonial antagonism and oppositional struggle into the public space in Nantes. Finally we investigate whether street performances of Royal de Luxe might hold what we term potential for re-emergence; a heritage practice entailing both a reemergent aesthetics able to engage the audience at a bodily and affective level, a re-emergent history able to both articulate the past and energize contemporary struggles, and the re-emergence of a broader field of voices and subjects.

作为法国主要的奴隶港口,法国城市南特因其创造性和复杂的历史遗产而备受赞誉。在本文中,我们研究了南特处理殖民遗产的方式,认为我们在这里发现了各种过程和举措,可以理解为表达或结合我们提出的殖民遗产实践的四种主要模式:镇压,移除,重构和重新出现。我们讨论了关注殖民遗产的城市当局和地方组织如何结束了对城市奴隶贸易遗产的沉默压抑,并在某种程度上完全将城市重塑为前卫艺术和文化中心,例如通过2012年的废除奴隶制纪念碑的建设。最后,我们批判性地分析了这种重构的驯化效果以及移除的实践,相比之下,这些实践被用来将非殖民化的对抗和反对斗争重新引入南特的公共空间。最后,我们调查了皇家豪华的街头表演是否有可能重新出现;这是一种遗产实践,它包含了一种能够在身体和情感层面上吸引观众的重新出现的美学,一种能够阐明过去并为当代斗争注入活力的重新出现的历史,以及一种更广泛的声音和主题领域的重新出现。
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引用次数: 9
Everyday Heritage Activism in Swat Valley: Ethnographic Reflections on a Politics of Hope 斯瓦特山谷的日常遗产行动主义:希望政治的民族志反思
Pub Date : 2017-09-02 DOI: 10.1080/2159032X.2018.1556831
Sarah De Nardi
ABSTRACT The Taliban insurgency and related cultural heritage iconoclasm exacerbated the challenges faced by Swat Valley communities in Northwest Pakistan. Activists within Swat alongside national and international NGOs are helping to reconstruct and protect pre-Islamic cultural heritage sites in the area, which is outlined here. The article highlights the role of heritage activism and counter-iconoclastic drive within Swat as a powerful social drive for reconciliation against a perceived bias that equates Pashtun with Taliban. Sense of place, identity and social and political change influenced both the rise of the Taliban and the reaction against them within Swat. The central argument in this article is shaped on ethnographic participatory research carried out by an Italian NGO, Pakistani archaeologists and activists and the writer, as part of a drive to make pre-Islamic heritage and cultural resource tourism sustainable in Swat in the wake of the post-Taliban reconstruction. Issues of identity and loyalty to insurgent groups have also affected other social groups across the globe. In this light, a discussion of the process of activism through heritage preservation and promotion using the Swat case study may also provide useful insights for other post-conflict communities elsewhere.
塔利班叛乱和相关的文化遗产偶像破坏加剧了巴基斯坦西北部斯瓦特山谷社区面临的挑战。斯瓦特的活动人士与国内和国际非政府组织一道,正在帮助重建和保护该地区的前伊斯兰文化遗产。这篇文章强调了遗产激进主义和斯瓦特内部反传统的驱动力的作用,作为一种强大的社会驱动力,和解了将普什图人和塔利班等同起来的偏见。地方意识、身份以及社会和政治变化影响了塔利班的崛起,也影响了斯瓦特内部对塔利班的反应。本文的中心论点是由意大利非政府组织、巴基斯坦考古学家、活动人士和作者进行的民族志参与性研究形成的,这是在塔利班后重建之后,推动斯瓦特前伊斯兰遗产和文化资源旅游业可持续发展的一部分。身份和对叛乱组织的忠诚问题也影响了全球其他社会团体。从这个角度来看,利用斯瓦特案例研究来讨论通过遗产保护和推广的行动主义过程,也可能为其他冲突后社区提供有用的见解。
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引用次数: 5
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