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Predictors of academic integrity in undergraduate and graduate-entry masters occupational therapy students. 职业治疗本科及硕士研究生入学学生学术诚信的预测因素。
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Epub Date: 2020-11-12 DOI: 10.1177/1569186120968035
Ted Brown, Stephen Isbel, Alexandra Logan, Jamie Etherington

Background: Academic integrity is viewed as honest and responsible scholarship and the moral code of academia. Reported incidences of academic dishonesty among health professional students are widespread and may be an indicator of future unprofessional behaviour in the workplace. Aim: This study investigated the potential predictors of academic integrity in undergraduate and graduate-entry masters occupational therapy students. Method: Occupational therapy students from five universities (n = 701 participants; 609 undergraduates; 92 graduate-entry masters) were recruited. Data were collected via a two-part self-report questionnaire that included six standardised scales: Academic Dishonesty Scale; Academic Dishonesty in the Classroom Setting Scale; Academic Dishonesty in the Clinical/Practice Education Setting Scale; Moral Development Scale for Professionals; Academic Dishonesty Tendency Scale; and Perceived Academic Sources of Stress. Data analysis involved multi-linear regression analyses with bootstrapping. Result: Significant predictors of academic integrity in occupational therapy students included age, gender, grade point average, public meaning, moral practice, general tendency towards cheating, tendency towards dishonesty in the conduct and reporting of research findings, tendency towards not providing appropriate references and acknowledgements and pressures to perform well academically. Conclusion: These findings will assist educators in identifying vulnerable students potentially prone to academic integrity infringements and implementing proactive strategies with them. Further studies are recommended to explore further predictors of students' academic integrity.

学术诚信被视为诚实和负责任的学术研究和学术界的道德准则。据报道,卫生专业学生中学术不诚实的发生率很普遍,这可能是未来工作场所不专业行为的一个指标。目的:探讨职业治疗专业本科及硕士研究生入学学生学术诚信的潜在影响因素。方法:来自五所大学的职业治疗专业学生(n = 701;609名本科生;招收硕士研究生92人。数据通过两部分自述问卷收集,包括六个标准化量表:学术不诚实量表;课堂设置量表中的学术不诚实行为临床/实践教育环境量表中的学术失信行为职业道德发展量表;学术失信倾向量表;以及感知到的学业压力来源。数据分析涉及带自举的多元线性回归分析。结果:职业治疗学生学术诚信的显著预测因子包括年龄、性别、平均成绩、公共意义、道德实践、一般欺骗倾向、行为和研究结果报告中的不诚实倾向、不提供适当参考和致谢的倾向以及学术表现良好的压力。结论:这些发现将有助于教育工作者识别容易侵犯学术诚信的弱势学生,并对他们实施积极的策略。建议进一步研究以探索学生学术诚信的进一步预测因素。
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引用次数: 3
Pre-placement examinations for newly recruited health care support staff. 对新征聘的保健支助人员进行安置前检查。
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Epub Date: 2020-12-17 DOI: 10.1177/1569186120979426
Joyce Yuk Ping Wong

Objective: While musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) and physical strength have been extensively studied in health care professionals, little attention has been paid to health care support staff, such as patient care assistants and operation patient assistants, whose jobs are physically demanding. The purpose of this paper was to examine the musculoskeletal symptoms and physical strength of newly recruited health care support staff.

Method: Convenience sampling was conducted on 111 newly employed health care support staff in a public hospital. A custom-made pre-placement examination was performed. Data were analysed using descriptive, correlation, and regression analyses.

Results: Nearly one-third (32%) of the newly recruited health care support staff had experienced musculoskeletal symptoms in at least one body part during the preceding 12 months. Two-thirds (68%) of subjects were physically inactive, and sixty percent was overweight or obese. Handgrip strength was weaker than the local norm. The subjects' dominant handgrip strength, bilateral lifting, pushing, and pulling force were significantly correlated. Only bilateral lifting was significantly associated with MSD among the newly recruited health care workers.

Conclusions: This study reports the baseline prevalence of MSD symptoms in the newly recruited health care support staff. Their sedentary lifestyle and suboptimal physical strength may render them susceptible to occupational injuries and disease. An effective occupational health programme that provides periodic health surveillance should be considered for high-risk health care workers to allow proper interventions in a timely manner.

目的:虽然肌肉骨骼疾病(MSD)和体力已经在卫生保健专业人员中得到了广泛的研究,但很少关注卫生保健辅助人员,如患者护理助理和手术患者助理,他们的工作对体力要求很高。本研究旨在探讨新聘医护支援人员之肌肉骨骼症状及体力。方法:对某公立医院新入职医护人员111名进行方便抽样。进行了定制的安置前检查。使用描述性、相关性和回归分析对数据进行分析。结果:近三分之一(32%)的新招募的卫生保健支持人员在过去12个月内至少在一个身体部位经历过肌肉骨骼症状。三分之二(68%)的研究对象缺乏运动,60%的人超重或肥胖。握力比当地标准弱。被试的优势握力、双侧举力、推力、拉力显著相关。在新招募的卫生保健工作者中,只有双侧举升与MSD显著相关。结论:本研究报告了新招募的卫生保健支持人员中MSD症状的基线患病率。他们久坐不动的生活方式和不理想的体力可能使他们容易受到职业伤害和疾病。应考虑为高风险保健工作者制定有效的职业健康方案,定期进行健康监测,以便及时采取适当的干预措施。
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引用次数: 0
Measuring the occupational balance of people with insomnia in a Chinese population: Preliminary psychometric evidence on the Chinese version of the Occupational Balance Questionnaire. 中国失眠症患者职业平衡的测量:中文版职业平衡问卷的初步心理测量证据。
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1177/1569186120944534
Eris Cm Ho, Mona Dür, Tanja Stamm, Andrew Mh Siu

Background: Occupational balance, a fundamental concept in occupational therapy, is the arrangement of right amount and variety of occupations contributes to a person's health and well-being. This study was aimed to investigate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OB-Quest) for people with insomnia.

Methods: The OB-Quest was translated into traditional Chinese and reviewed by an expert panel for content validity, cultural relevance and translation accuracy. Internal consistency, factor analysis and convergent validity, as well as test-retest reliability, were explored.

Results: The participants (n = 205), 115 adults with insomnia and 90 adults without insomnia, completed a survey of demographic background, the Chinese version of OB-Quest and the Chinese Insomnia Severity Index (C-ISI). The Chinese version of OB-Quest demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability (ICC= 0.98) and good internal consistency (Cronbach's α  =  0.80). Factor analysis indicated that a single-factor solution explained 42% of the variance, and 9 out of 10 items had a factor loading of 0.4 or above. The Chinese version of OB-Quest had significant correlations with C-ISI (r = -0.88; p < 0.001). A significant difference was found in occupational balance between groups with different levels of insomnia severity and without insomnia (F = 169.72; p < 0.001). As in a previous study, age, living environment and life role had no significant relationship with occupational balance.

Conclusion: The Chinese version of OB-Quest is a short, easy to understand and culturally relevant assessment for Chinese. It demonstrates satisfactory psychometric properties and had significant correlations with insomnia.

背景:职业平衡是职业治疗的一个基本概念,是指对人的健康和幸福有适当数量和种类的职业安排。本研究旨在探讨中文版职业平衡问卷(OB-Quest)对失眠症患者的信度和效度。方法:将obo - quest翻译成繁体中文,并由专家小组对内容效度、文化相关性和翻译准确性进行审查。探讨了内部一致性、因子分析和收敛效度以及重测信度。结果:研究对象(n = 205), 115名成人失眠症患者和90名非失眠症患者完成了人口统计学背景调查、中文版OB-Quest和中国失眠症严重程度指数(C-ISI)。中文版OB-Quest具有良好的重测信度(ICC= 0.98)和良好的内部一致性(Cronbach’s α = 0.80)。因子分析表明,单因素解决方案解释了42%的方差,10个项目中有9个项目的因子负荷为0.4或更高。中文版OB-Quest与C-ISI显著相关(r = -0.88;p结论:中文版OB-Quest是一个简短、易懂、符合中国文化的测评。它表现出令人满意的心理测量特性,并与失眠有显著的相关性。
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引用次数: 5
Factors predicting clinically significant functional gain and discharge to home in stroke in-patients after rehabilitation - A retrospective cohort study. 预测脑卒中住院患者康复后临床显著功能增强和出院的因素——一项回顾性队列研究。
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Epub Date: 2020-12-17 DOI: 10.1177/1569186120979428
Tony Kwun-Tak Li, Bobby Hin-Po Ng, Dora Yuk-Lin Chan, Ruthy Suet-Fan Chung, Kim-Kam Yu
Objective This study explored factors which predict stroke survivors who could achieve “clinically significant functional gain” and return home when being discharged from a local hospital after in-patient stroke rehabilitation programme. Methods This study included 562 inpatients with stroke who were residing at community dwellings before onset of stroke, and transferred to a convalescent hospital for rehabilitation from four acute hospitals over one year. The main outcome variables of prediction were (a) achieving “clinically significant functional gain” as measured by (a1) achievement of “minimal clinically important difference” (MCID) of improvement in Functional Independence Measure Motor Measure (FIM-MM)”, (a2) one or more level(s) of improvement in function group according to the patients’ FIM-MM, and (b) discharge to home. Sixteen predictor variables were identified and studied firstly with univariate binary logistic regression and those significant variables were then put into multivariate binary logistic regression. Results Based on multivariate regression, the significant predictors for “clinically significant functional gain” were: younger age <75 years old, higher Glasgow Coma Scale score at admission, with haemorrhagic stroke, intermediate FIM-MM function group. Those significant predictors for “discharge to home” were: living with family/caregivers before stroke, higher FIM score at admission, and one or more level(s) of improvement in FIM-MM function group. Conclusions This study identified findings consistent with overseas studies in additional to some new interesting findings. Early prediction of stroke discharge outcomes helps rehabilitation professionals and occupational therapists to focus on the use of appropriate intervention strategies and pre-discharge preparation.
目的:本研究探讨预测脑卒中幸存者在当地医院接受住院脑卒中康复治疗出院后能够实现“临床显著功能获得”并回家的因素。方法:本研究纳入562例中风住院患者,这些患者发病前居住在社区住宅,从4家急性医院转到康复医院进行康复治疗。预测的主要结果变量为(a)实现“临床显著功能增益”(a1)实现“最小临床重要差异”(MCID)的功能独立性测量运动测量(FIM-MM)的改善,(a2)根据患者的FIM-MM功能组的一个或多个水平的改善,(b)出院回家。首先用单变量二元逻辑回归对16个预测变量进行识别和研究,然后将这些显著变量引入多元二元逻辑回归。结果:基于多变量回归,“临床显著功能增加”的显著预测因子为:年龄更小。结论:本研究发现与国外研究一致,并有一些有趣的新发现。脑卒中出院结果的早期预测有助于康复专业人员和职业治疗师专注于使用适当的干预策略和出院前准备。
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引用次数: 4
Effects of peripheral nerve stimulation on paralysed upper limb functional recovery in chronic stroke patients undergoing low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and occupational therapy: A pilot study. 外周神经刺激对慢性脑卒中患者接受低频重复经颅磁刺激和职业治疗后瘫痪上肢功能恢复的影响:一项初步研究
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Epub Date: 2020-04-07 DOI: 10.1177/1569186120901633
Masanori Maeda, Hitoshi Mutai, Yumi Toya, Yusuke Maekawa, Takatoshi Hitai, Satoshi Katai

Objective: Upper limb paralysis, which is a sequela of stroke, limits patients' activities of daily living and lowers quality of life. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of peripheral nerve stimulation on hemiparetic upper limb functional recovery in chronic stroke patients undergoing low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and occupational therapy.

Methods: The subjects were chronic stroke patients who participated in a two-week inpatient programme including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and occupational therapy. There were two groups of patients: the peripheral nerve stimulation group (11 patients who underwent peripheral nerve stimulation) and the control group (11 patients who previously participated in the same inpatient programme but without peripheral nerve stimulation, selected via propensity score matching). The peripheral nerve stimulation group had 1 h of peripheral nerve stimulation on the median and ulnar nerves during occupational therapy. The outcome measures were the Wolf Motor Function Test, Fugl-Meyer Assessment, and Motor Activity Log.

Results: Wolf Motor Function Test, Fugl-Meyer Assessment, and Motor Activity Log showed significant improvement after the intervention in the peripheral nerve stimulation group. Particularly, the Fugl-Meyer Assessment hand score significantly improved in the peripheral nerve stimulation group compared to that in the control group (median change: 2 versus 0; p = 0.021, r = 0.49).

Conclusion: The combined use of peripheral nerve stimulation with occupational therapy after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation may result in a better functional recovery of in hemiparetic upper limb. Peripheral nerve stimulation with stimulation above the sensory threshold and below the motor threshold is easy to combine with occupational therapy upper limb function training and is therefore clinically useful.

目的:上肢瘫痪是脑卒中的后遗症,它限制了患者的日常生活活动,降低了患者的生活质量。本研究旨在探讨外周神经刺激对慢性脑卒中偏瘫患者接受低频重复经颅磁刺激和职业治疗后上肢功能恢复的影响。方法:研究对象为慢性脑卒中患者,接受为期两周的重复经颅磁刺激和职业治疗。有两组患者:外周神经刺激组(11名接受外周神经刺激的患者)和对照组(11名之前参加过相同住院计划但没有外周神经刺激的患者,通过倾向评分匹配选择)。外周神经刺激组在作业治疗过程中对正中、尺神经进行1小时外周神经刺激。结果测量为Wolf运动功能测试、Fugl-Meyer评估和运动活动日志。结果:周围神经刺激组干预后Wolf运动功能测试、Fugl-Meyer评估、运动活动日志均有显著改善。特别是,与对照组相比,周围神经刺激组的Fugl-Meyer手部评分显著提高(中位数变化:2比0;P = 0.021, r = 0.49)。结论:反复经颅磁刺激后外周神经刺激联合作业疗法可使偏瘫上肢功能恢复较好。周围神经刺激,即高于感觉阈值和低于运动阈值的刺激,很容易与上肢功能训练的职业治疗相结合,因此在临床上是有用的。
{"title":"Effects of peripheral nerve stimulation on paralysed upper limb functional recovery in chronic stroke patients undergoing low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and occupational therapy: A pilot study.","authors":"Masanori Maeda,&nbsp;Hitoshi Mutai,&nbsp;Yumi Toya,&nbsp;Yusuke Maekawa,&nbsp;Takatoshi Hitai,&nbsp;Satoshi Katai","doi":"10.1177/1569186120901633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1569186120901633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Upper limb paralysis, which is a sequela of stroke, limits patients' activities of daily living and lowers quality of life. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of peripheral nerve stimulation on hemiparetic upper limb functional recovery in chronic stroke patients undergoing low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and occupational therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The subjects were chronic stroke patients who participated in a two-week inpatient programme including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and occupational therapy. There were two groups of patients: the peripheral nerve stimulation group (11 patients who underwent peripheral nerve stimulation) and the control group (11 patients who previously participated in the same inpatient programme but without peripheral nerve stimulation, selected via propensity score matching). The peripheral nerve stimulation group had 1 h of peripheral nerve stimulation on the median and ulnar nerves during occupational therapy. The outcome measures were the Wolf Motor Function Test, Fugl-Meyer Assessment, and Motor Activity Log.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Wolf Motor Function Test, Fugl-Meyer Assessment, and Motor Activity Log showed significant improvement after the intervention in the peripheral nerve stimulation group. Particularly, the Fugl-Meyer Assessment hand score significantly improved in the peripheral nerve stimulation group compared to that in the control group (median change: 2 versus 0; p = 0.021, r = 0.49).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined use of peripheral nerve stimulation with occupational therapy after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation may result in a better functional recovery of in hemiparetic upper limb. Peripheral nerve stimulation with stimulation above the sensory threshold and below the motor threshold is easy to combine with occupational therapy upper limb function training and is therefore clinically useful.</p>","PeriodicalId":73249,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong journal of occupational therapy : HKJOT","volume":"33 1","pages":"3-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/1569186120901633","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25557487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Relationship between upper limb motor function and activities of daily living after removing the influence of lower limb motor function in subacute patients with stroke: A cross-sectional study. 消除亚急性脑卒中患者下肢运动功能影响后上肢运动功能与日常生活活动的关系:一项横断面研究
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Epub Date: 2020-06-22 DOI: 10.1177/1569186120926609
Haruka Yamamoto, Kazuya Takeda, Soichiro Koyama, Keisuke Morishima, Yuichi Hirakawa, Ikuo Motoya, Hiroaki Sakurai, Yoshikiyo Kanada, Nobutoshi Kawamura, Mami Kawamura, Shigeo Tanabe

Background: Previous studies have reported a relationship between upper limb motor function and activities of daily living. However, their relationship after removing the influence of lower limb motor function has not been clarified.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Fugl-Meyer assessment upper limb and total Functional Independence Measure motor score and between Fugl-Meyer assessment upper limb and each item contained in Functional Independence Measure motor score after eliminating the influence of the motor function of the affected lower limb.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 58 subacute stroke patients. To investigate the relationship between the Fugl-Meyer assessment upper limb and total Functional Independence Measure motor score before and after removing the influence of Fugl-Meyer assessment lower limb, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and partial correlation analysis were used. Additionally, the relationship between Fugl-Meyer assessment upper limb and each item of Functional Independence Measure motor score after removing the influence was assessed.

Results: Before removing the influence of Fugl-Meyer assessment lower limb, Fugl-Meyer assessment upper limb was strongly correlated with total Functional Independence Measure motor score (r = 0.74, p < 0.001). However, it became weak after removing the influence (r = 0.27, p = 0.04). Regarding each item of Functional Independence Measure motor score, Fugl-Meyer assessment upper limb was correlated with grooming (r = 0.27, p = 0.04), bathing (r = 0.28, p = 0.03), dressing upper body (r = 0.33, p = 0.01), dressing lower body (r = 0.31, p = 0.02), and stair-climbing (r = 0.31, p = 0.02) after removing the influence.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that the relationship between the upper limb motor function and activities of daily living is strongly influenced by lower limb motor function.

背景:先前的研究报道了上肢运动功能与日常生活活动之间的关系。然而,在排除下肢运动功能的影响后,它们之间的关系尚不清楚。目的:本研究旨在探讨在剔除受影响下肢运动功能的影响后,Fugl-Meyer评估上肢与功能独立量表运动总分的关系,以及Fugl-Meyer评估上肢与功能独立量表运动总分各项目的关系。方法:对58例亚急性脑卒中患者进行回顾性横断面研究。为了探讨去除Fugl-Meyer评估对下肢的影响前后,Fugl-Meyer评估上肢与总功能独立测量运动评分之间的关系,采用Spearman等级相关系数和偏相关分析。此外,评估去除影响后Fugl-Meyer评估上肢与功能独立测量运动评分各项目的关系。结果:在去除Fugl-Meyer评估下肢影响前,Fugl-Meyer评估上肢与功能独立测量运动总分呈强相关(r = 0.74, p)。结论:上肢运动功能与日常生活活动的关系受下肢运动功能的强烈影响。
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引用次数: 7
Prism adaptation treatment for spatial neglect post brain tumour removal: A case report. 棱镜适应治疗脑肿瘤切除后空间忽视1例报告。
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Epub Date: 2020-06-16 DOI: 10.1177/1569186120921472
Peii Chen, Viktoriya Lander, Natalia Noce, Kimberly Hreha

Purpose/aim: Spatial neglect is caused by damage to neural networks critical for spatial attention. Spatial neglect without proper treatment impedes rehabilitation outcomes. Prism adaptation treatment, a visuomotor protocol, has been used with stroke survivors with spatial neglect to improve function. This case report explored the feasibility and potential effects of prism adaptation treatment in an individual with spatial neglect after glioblastoma removal.

Methods: Feasibility was designed and tested to include acceptability and implementation. Exploratory aim on the effectiveness of the intervention was determined using the Catherine Bergego Scale via the Kessler Foundation Neglect Assessment Process, star cancellation, line bisection and scene copying.

Results: The patient reported favouring the treatment. Eight sessions, one session a day, were completed over two weeks. The patient's spatial neglect symptoms reduced on all assessments.

Conclusion: Prism adaptation treatment was feasible and effective; however, further research is needed to understand the complete benefits of prism adaptation treatment in this population.

目的/目的:空间忽视是由对空间注意至关重要的神经网络的损伤引起的。没有适当治疗的空间忽视会阻碍康复效果。棱镜适应治疗,一种视觉运动方案,已用于中风幸存者的空间忽视,以改善功能。本病例报告探讨了棱镜适应治疗胶质母细胞瘤切除后空间忽视患者的可行性和潜在效果。方法:进行可行性设计和测试,包括可接受性和可实施性。通过Kessler基金会忽视评估过程、星星消除、线平分和场景复制,使用Catherine Bergego量表确定干预效果的探索性目标。结果:患者对治疗表示满意。八个疗程,每天一个疗程,在两周内完成。患者的空间忽视症状在所有评估中都有所减轻。结论:棱镜适应疗法可行、有效;然而,需要进一步的研究来了解棱镜适应治疗在这一人群中的全部益处。
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引用次数: 4
The study of the validity and reliability of the Occupational Self-Assessment-traditional Chinese version. 职业自我评估-中文繁体版的效度和信度研究。
Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Epub Date: 2020-06-24 DOI: 10.1177/1569186120930300
Ay-Woan Pan, LyInn Chung, Tsyr-Jang Chen, Ping-Chuan Hsiung

Introduction: Health professionals who work in mental healthcare settings need to use standardised, objective instruments; however, it is also extremely important that they maintain a client-focused perspective. The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the 'Traditional Chinese version of the Occupational Self-Assessment' (TC-OSA).

Methods: A total of 593 participants with mental illnesses participated in the study. The data were analysed using confirmatory factor analysis as well as the Rasch measurement model.

Results: The results of our analysis revealed that the TC-OSA encompasses four domains: self-performance (11 items), self-habituation (5 items), self-volition (5 items) and environment (8 items). Most of the items within each domain were found to have a good fit with the Rasch measurement model, whereas the CFA index was found to have a good fit for only three of the domains, the one exception being the environment domain.

Conclusions: We suggest applying the scale in clinical practice to identify the priority of intervention and as a measure for changes in outcomes. Further development and refinement of the environmental domain is guaranteed.

导言:在精神卫生保健机构工作的卫生专业人员需要使用标准化的客观工具,然而,保持以客户为中心的视角也极为重要。本研究旨在调查 "繁体中文版职业自我评估"(TC-OSA)的有效性和可靠性:方法:共有 593 名精神疾病患者参与研究。方法:共有 593 名患有精神疾病的参与者参与了研究,研究人员采用确认性因素分析和 Rasch 测量模型对数据进行了分析:分析结果显示,TC-OSA 包含四个领域:自我表现(11 个项目)、自我习惯(5 个项目)、自我毁灭(5 个项目)和环境(8 个项目)。每个领域中的大部分项目都与 Rasch 测量模型拟合良好,而 CFA 指数仅对其中三个领域拟合良好,环境领域是个例外:我们建议将该量表应用于临床实践,以确定干预的优先次序,并作为衡量结果变化的标准。环境领域的进一步发展和完善是有保障的。
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引用次数: 0
The association between volition and participation in adults with acquired disabilities: A scoping review. 成年获得性残疾患者的意志与参与之间的关系:一项范围综述。
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 Epub Date: 2019-10-04 DOI: 10.1177/1569186119870022
Hagit Harel-Katz, Eli Carmeli

Background/objective: Physical, cognitive and psychological factors such as self-efficacy and motivation affect participation in populations with acquired disabilities. Volition is defined as a person's motivation for participating in occupation. The concept of 'volition' expands similar concepts and theories, which focus mostly on cognitive processes that influence motivation. Although volition seems to affect participation, the association between these two concepts has not been examined in populations with acquired disabilities. This scoping review explored this association.

Methods: The literature review used a structured five-stage framework, according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Seven electronic databases (CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, The Cochrane Library-Wiley, OTseeker) and Google Scholar were searched for relevant articles, published in English from January 2001 to May 2018.

Results: A total of 18 articles, relating to populations with various diagnoses were included. Two directly examined volition and participation and showed a positive association between them. Other articles discussed the effect of participants' chronic condition on their volition and participation, the effect of volition on participation, or the effect on participation of an intervention addressing volition.

Conclusions: An acquired disability affects both volition and participation, and volition seems to affect participation among people with acquired disabilities. Few articles showed positive effects of interventions that addressed clients' volition, on participation. Further research should include additional health conditions and types of literature, to better understand the association between these concepts. This understanding will contribute to the development of occupational therapy interventions that emphasise volition, in order to improve participation outcomes.

背景/目的:身体、认知和心理因素,如自我效能感和动机影响获得性残疾人群的参与。意志被定义为一个人参与职业的动机。“意志”的概念扩展了类似的概念和理论,这些概念和理论主要关注影响动机的认知过程。虽然意志似乎影响参与,但这两个概念之间的联系尚未在获得性残疾人群中得到检验。本综述探讨了这种关联。方法:采用结构化的五阶段框架,根据预先确定的纳入和排除标准进行文献综述。7个电子数据库(CINAHL、PsycINFO、PubMed、Web of Science、SCOPUS、The Cochrane Library-Wiley、OTseeker)和Google Scholar检索了2001年1月至2018年5月发表的相关英文文章。结果:共纳入18篇文章,涉及不同诊断的人群。其中两项研究直接考察了意志和参与,并显示了它们之间的正相关关系。其他文章讨论了参与者的慢性疾病对他们的意愿和参与的影响,意愿对参与的影响,或者解决意愿的干预对参与的影响。结论:获得性残疾影响意志和参与,意志似乎影响获得性残疾的参与。很少有文章显示针对客户意愿的干预对参与的积极影响。进一步的研究应包括更多的健康状况和文献类型,以更好地了解这些概念之间的联系。这种理解将有助于发展强调意志的职业治疗干预措施,以改善参与结果。
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引用次数: 6
Impact of deep brain stimulation on people with Parkinson's disease: A mixed methods feasibility study exploring lifespace and community outcomes. 脑深部刺激对帕金森病患者的影响:一项探索生活空间和社区结果的混合方法可行性研究
Pub Date : 2019-12-01 Epub Date: 2019-08-16 DOI: 10.1177/1569186119865736
Jacki Liddle, Amreetaa Sundraraj, David Ireland, Sally Bennett, Tereza Stillerova, Peter Silburn

Background: Deep brain stimulation is a surgical treatment for Parkinson's disease. Its impacts on motor symptoms are widely reported; however, little is known about the broader impact of deep brain stimulation on the community lives of people with Parkinson's disease. Lifespace is a measure of lived community mobility, providing an indication of community access and participation.

Aims: This pilot study explored the feasibility of remotely monitoring the qualitative and quantitative community outcomes related to deep brain stimulation.

Methods: A longitudinal mixed methods study with a convergent design was undertaken exploring the lifespace, quality of life, life satisfaction and lived experiences of people with Parkinson's disease before and after deep brain stimulation. Data were collected through questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and a smartphone-based application which collected geolocation data.

Results: Quantitative and qualitative data from eight participants living with Parkinson's disease were analysed and integrated. At baseline, participants had a median age of 68 years and a median Hoehn and Yahr score of 2. Measuring a range of community-based outcomes indicated different change trajectories for individuals across outcomes. Key content areas were developed from the qualitative data: participation in occupations and travel and home. This study indicates the potential value of including geolocation data-based lifespace collection in metropolitan and regional areas.

Conclusions: Monitoring lifespace in conjunction with subjective measures provides insights into the complex and individually varied experiences. Further research could explore the impacts of deep brain stimulation on occupations and community participation to gain a deeper understanding of the related needs and support clinical approaches.

背景:脑深部电刺激是帕金森病的一种外科治疗方法。它对运动症状的影响被广泛报道;然而,人们对深部脑刺激对帕金森病患者社区生活的更广泛影响知之甚少。生活空间是衡量生活社区流动性的指标,提供了社区访问和参与的指示。目的:本初步研究探讨了远程监测与深部脑刺激相关的定性和定量社区结果的可行性。方法:采用融合设计的纵向混合方法研究,探讨脑深部电刺激前后帕金森病患者的生活空间、生活质量、生活满意度和生活体验。数据是通过问卷调查、半结构化访谈和基于智能手机的地理位置数据收集应用程序收集的。结果:对8名帕金森病患者的定量和定性数据进行了分析和整合。在基线时,参与者的中位年龄为68岁,中位Hoehn和Yahr评分为2分。测量一系列基于社区的结果表明,不同结果的个体的变化轨迹不同。主要内容领域是从定性数据中发展出来的:职业参与、旅行和回家。该研究表明,在大都市和区域区域纳入基于地理位置数据的生活空间收集的潜在价值。结论:监测生活空间与主观测量相结合,提供了对复杂和个体不同体验的见解。进一步的研究可以探索脑深部电刺激对职业和社区参与的影响,以更深入地了解相关需求并支持临床方法。
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引用次数: 2
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Hong Kong journal of occupational therapy : HKJOT
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