Pub Date : 2020-12-25DOI: 10.32732/ase.2020.12.2.47
Wenzheng Liu, Shiqing Huang, Jiachu Xu
Impact collision exists widely in people's daily life and threatens people's life safety. Negative Poisson's ratio structure has good mechanical properties. Therefore, it is of great significance to design and study the energy absorption structure with negative Poisson's ratio effect. Based on the traditional symmetrical concave honeycomb structure (SCHS) with negative Poisson's ratio, two modified negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structures are proposed by adding embedded straight rib arrow structure and embedded curved rib arrow structure, which are respectively called embedded straight rib arrow honeycomb structure (SRAH) and embedded curved rib arrow honeycomb structure (CRAH). Through finite element simulation experiment, the negative Poisson's ratio characteristics of two cellular cells were studied and the influence of structural parameters of the cells on the Poisson's ratio was discussed. ANSYS/LS-DYNA was used to analyze the energy absorption of the proposed three cellular structures at different impact velocities. Numerical simulation results show that the SRHS and CRAH have greater stress platform value, specific energy absorption and impact force efficiency than SCHS, indicating that the SRAH and CRAH exhibited better energy absorption efficiency and impact resistance performance.
{"title":"Study on Negative Poisson Ratio and Energy Absorption Characteristics of Embedded Arrow Honeycomb Structure","authors":"Wenzheng Liu, Shiqing Huang, Jiachu Xu","doi":"10.32732/ase.2020.12.2.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32732/ase.2020.12.2.47","url":null,"abstract":" Impact collision exists widely in people's daily life and threatens people's life safety. Negative Poisson's ratio structure has good mechanical properties. Therefore, it is of great significance to design and study the energy absorption structure with negative Poisson's ratio effect. Based on the traditional symmetrical concave honeycomb structure (SCHS) with negative Poisson's ratio, two modified negative Poisson's ratio honeycomb structures are proposed by adding embedded straight rib arrow structure and embedded curved rib arrow structure, which are respectively called embedded straight rib arrow honeycomb structure (SRAH) and embedded curved rib arrow honeycomb structure (CRAH). Through finite element simulation experiment, the negative Poisson's ratio characteristics of two cellular cells were studied and the influence of structural parameters of the cells on the Poisson's ratio was discussed. ANSYS/LS-DYNA was used to analyze the energy absorption of the proposed three cellular structures at different impact velocities. Numerical simulation results show that the SRHS and CRAH have greater stress platform value, specific energy absorption and impact force efficiency than SCHS, indicating that the SRAH and CRAH exhibited better energy absorption efficiency and impact resistance performance.","PeriodicalId":7336,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Material Sciences and Engineering","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84286920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-25DOI: 10.32732/ase.2020.12.2.78
T. Syed, A. S. Thelakkadan, S. Al-Hussain
Natural fibers offer a great advantage of being used as a reinforcement in polymer matrix composites because of the many advantages natural fibers offer over conventional reinforcement fillers. Date palm fiber is one of the most available natural fibrous materials in the Middle Eastern region to be exploited as a fiber reinforcement in polymers. In the present work, the fibers extracted from the date palm tree trunk, branches, and leaves were used for the reinforcement of the polypropylene matrix. Electron microscopic images show excellent bonding between the fiber and matrix as no fiber pullout is observed. The thermal (heat deflection temperature) and mechanical properties (Izod impact, tensile and flexural modulus) of the composites increased with an increase in the fiber loading from 20% to 60%, which in turn resulted in excellent mechanical properties in the final product. The work has immense significance in using date palm as an easily available natural resource for a useful product.
{"title":"Date-Palm Fiber as a Reinforcement Filler in Polymer Composites","authors":"T. Syed, A. S. Thelakkadan, S. Al-Hussain","doi":"10.32732/ase.2020.12.2.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32732/ase.2020.12.2.78","url":null,"abstract":"Natural fibers offer a great advantage of being used as a reinforcement in polymer matrix composites because of the many advantages natural fibers offer over conventional reinforcement fillers. Date palm fiber is one of the most available natural fibrous materials in the Middle Eastern region to be exploited as a fiber reinforcement in polymers. In the present work, the fibers extracted from the date palm tree trunk, branches, and leaves were used for the reinforcement of the polypropylene matrix. Electron microscopic images show excellent bonding between the fiber and matrix as no fiber pullout is observed. The thermal (heat deflection temperature) and mechanical properties (Izod impact, tensile and flexural modulus) of the composites increased with an increase in the fiber loading from 20% to 60%, which in turn resulted in excellent mechanical properties in the final product. The work has immense significance in using date palm as an easily available natural resource for a useful product.","PeriodicalId":7336,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Material Sciences and Engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78794406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-25DOI: 10.32732/ase.2020.12.2.67
Zhuang Quan, P. Geddis, B. Clements
A detailed economic evaluation was carried out to determine the impact of biomass and coal co-firing on power plant carbon capture by methods of plants equipment designing factors and performance, and the sum up of the associated breakdowns of CAPEX and OPEX. Based on the assumptions of the CO2 neutrality of biomass and likely governmental incentives to reduce CO2 emissions, the study results show that biomass and coal co-firing would result in both lower cost of carbon avoided (carbon capture) and lower incremental cost of electricity generation when MEA solvent carbon capture is applied. Two scenarios for co-firing with carbon capture, 30% biomass blending and 90% or 60% CO2 capture from stack, indicate different preference depending on lower or higher incentives.
{"title":"The Impact of Coal and Biomass Co-Firing on the Economy of Power Plant Carbon Capture","authors":"Zhuang Quan, P. Geddis, B. Clements","doi":"10.32732/ase.2020.12.2.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32732/ase.2020.12.2.67","url":null,"abstract":"A detailed economic evaluation was carried out to determine the impact of biomass and coal co-firing on power plant carbon capture by methods of plants equipment designing factors and performance, and the sum up of the associated breakdowns of CAPEX and OPEX. Based on the assumptions of the CO2 neutrality of biomass and likely governmental incentives to reduce CO2 emissions, the study results show that biomass and coal co-firing would result in both lower cost of carbon avoided (carbon capture) and lower incremental cost of electricity generation when MEA solvent carbon capture is applied. Two scenarios for co-firing with carbon capture, 30% biomass blending and 90% or 60% CO2 capture from stack, indicate different preference depending on lower or higher incentives.","PeriodicalId":7336,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Material Sciences and Engineering","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78057465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8297-0_18
Abdul Rahman Siti Noredyani, A. Zularisam, A. Noormazlinah, A. M. M. Sakinah
{"title":"Optimization of Delignification Process from Red Meranti Wood Sawdust (RMWS) Pretreated with Acidified Sodium Chlorite","authors":"Abdul Rahman Siti Noredyani, A. Zularisam, A. Noormazlinah, A. M. M. Sakinah","doi":"10.1007/978-981-13-8297-0_18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8297-0_18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7336,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Material Sciences and Engineering","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87688708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-25DOI: 10.32732/ase.2020.12.1.28
J. Doucet, A. Doucet-Panaye
Dibenzoylhydrazines Xa-(C6H5)a-CO-N-(t-Bu)-NH-CO-(C6H5)b-Yb are efficient insect growth regulators with high activity and selectivity toward lepidopteran and coleopteran pests. For 123 congeneric molecules, a quantitative structure activity relationship model was built in the framework of the QSARINS package using 2D, Topology-based, PaDEL descriptors. Variable selection by GA-MLR allows building an efficient multilinear regression linking pEC50 values to nine structural variables. Robustness and quality of the model were carefully examined at various levels: data-fitting (recall), leave-one (or some) - out, internal and external validation (including random splitting), points not in depth investigated in previous works. Various Machine Learning approaches (Partial Least Squares Regression, Projection Pursuit Regression, Linear Support Vector Machine or Three Layer Perceptron Artificial Neural Network) confirm the validity of the analysis, giving highly consistent results of comparable quality, with only a slight advantage for the three-layer perceptron.
二苯甲酰肼Xa-(C6H5)a-CO-N-(t-Bu)- nhh - co -(C6H5)b-Yb是一种高效的昆虫生长调节剂，对鳞翅目和鞘翅目害虫具有较高的活性和选择性。对于123个同源分子，在QSARINS包的框架内，使用基于拓扑的二维PaDEL描述符建立了定量结构活性关系模型。GA-MLR的变量选择允许建立一个有效的多元线性回归，将pEC50值与九个结构变量联系起来。模型的稳健性和质量在各个层面上进行了仔细检查:数据拟合(召回)，遗漏一个(或一些)，内部和外部验证(包括随机分裂)，在以前的工作中没有深入研究的点。各种机器学习方法(偏最小二乘回归、投影追踪回归、线性支持向量机或三层感知机人工神经网络)证实了分析的有效性，给出了质量相当的高度一致的结果，三层感知机只有轻微的优势。
{"title":"Dibenzoylhydrazines as Insect Growth Modulators: Topology-Based QSAR Modelling","authors":"J. Doucet, A. Doucet-Panaye","doi":"10.32732/ase.2020.12.1.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32732/ase.2020.12.1.28","url":null,"abstract":"Dibenzoylhydrazines Xa-(C6H5)a-CO-N-(t-Bu)-NH-CO-(C6H5)b-Yb are efficient insect growth regulators with high activity and selectivity toward lepidopteran and coleopteran pests. For 123 congeneric molecules, a quantitative structure activity relationship model was built in the framework of the QSARINS package using 2D, Topology-based, PaDEL descriptors. Variable selection by GA-MLR allows building an efficient multilinear regression linking pEC50 values to nine structural variables. Robustness and quality of the model were carefully examined at various levels: data-fitting (recall), leave-one (or some) - out, internal and external validation (including random splitting), points not in depth investigated in previous works. Various Machine Learning approaches (Partial Least Squares Regression, Projection Pursuit Regression, Linear Support Vector Machine or Three Layer Perceptron Artificial Neural Network) confirm the validity of the analysis, giving highly consistent results of comparable quality, with only a slight advantage for the three-layer perceptron.","PeriodicalId":7336,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Material Sciences and Engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87445289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-20DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8297-0_58
S. A. Roslan, M. Z. Hassan, Z. A. Rasid, N. Bani, S. Sarip, M. Daud, F. Muhammad-Sukki
{"title":"Mode I Fracture Toughness of Optimized Alkali-Treated Bambusa Vulgaris Bamboo by Box-Behnken Design","authors":"S. A. Roslan, M. Z. Hassan, Z. A. Rasid, N. Bani, S. Sarip, M. Daud, F. Muhammad-Sukki","doi":"10.1007/978-981-13-8297-0_58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8297-0_58","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7336,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Material Sciences and Engineering","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77421100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-20DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8297-0_26
S. Ibrahim, S. Rozali, N. Ghazali, Mohd Sayuti Ab Karim, M. Sabri
{"title":"Biosynthesis of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Camellia Sinensis Plant Powder","authors":"S. Ibrahim, S. Rozali, N. Ghazali, Mohd Sayuti Ab Karim, M. Sabri","doi":"10.1007/978-981-13-8297-0_26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8297-0_26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7336,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Material Sciences and Engineering","volume":"259 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74936953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-15DOI: 10.32732/ASE.2019.11.1.33
A. Cifarelli, I. Cigognini, L. Bolzoni, A. Montanari
Green chemistry protocols are proposed to produce high-value chemicals from waste tomatoes. Long-chain hydroxy fatty acids (called cutin acids), in particular the 10,16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid and its oligomers, could be innovative building-block chemicals for the synthesis of novel bio-resins and lacquers suitable as internal protective coating for metal food packaging. However, these natural compounds are not currently commercially available. This study investigates the possibility of extracting cutin acids from tomato peels without the use of organic solvents and by an efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally safe method amenable to industrial scale-up. The first route investigated was based on alkaline hydrolysis of the tomato cuticle. The second involved the acid free-selective precipitation of cutin. Finally, cutin was isolated by hydrogen peroxide-assisted hydrolysis. GC-MS analysis revealed the main chemical compound isolated by all methods to be 10,16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid, the principal component of tomato cutin, with extraction yields ranging from 81 to 96%. Products are different in terms of appearance, solubility, the degree of crosslinking observed and molecular weight, as shown by GPC analysis. Furthermore, the products extracted were characterized by means of FT-IR spectroscopy and thermal analysis. The cutin obtained through alkaline hydrolysis results the best raw material for bio-resin preparation.
{"title":"Physical–Chemical Characteristics of Cutin Separated from Tomato Waste for the Preparation of Bio-lacquers","authors":"A. Cifarelli, I. Cigognini, L. Bolzoni, A. Montanari","doi":"10.32732/ASE.2019.11.1.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32732/ASE.2019.11.1.33","url":null,"abstract":"Green chemistry protocols are proposed to produce high-value chemicals from waste tomatoes. Long-chain hydroxy fatty acids (called cutin acids), in particular the 10,16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid and its oligomers, could be innovative building-block chemicals for the synthesis of novel bio-resins and lacquers suitable as internal protective coating for metal food packaging. However, these natural compounds are not currently commercially available. This study investigates the possibility of extracting cutin acids from tomato peels without the use of organic solvents and by an efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally safe method amenable to industrial scale-up. The first route investigated was based on alkaline hydrolysis of the tomato cuticle. The second involved the acid free-selective precipitation of cutin. Finally, cutin was isolated by hydrogen peroxide-assisted hydrolysis. GC-MS analysis revealed the main chemical compound isolated by all methods to be 10,16-dihydroxyhexadecanoic acid, the principal component of tomato cutin, with extraction yields ranging from 81 to 96%. Products are different in terms of appearance, solubility, the degree of crosslinking observed and molecular weight, as shown by GPC analysis. Furthermore, the products extracted were characterized by means of FT-IR spectroscopy and thermal analysis. The cutin obtained through alkaline hydrolysis results the best raw material for bio-resin preparation.","PeriodicalId":7336,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Material Sciences and Engineering","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72893984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-15DOI: 10.32732/ASE.2019.11.1.46
Hong Wang, Zhijie Wang
In order to solve the problem of reactive power optimization of distribution network with distributed power supply, the multi-objective reactive power optimization function is established from multiple perspectives, and the equation constraint and inequality constraint equation of power system are considered. Secondly, taking IEEE33 node distribution system with distributed power supply as an example, reactive power optimization of single objective function is carried out to verify that the proposed algorithm has a global convergence and a great advantage in convergence speed. Finally, multi-objective reactive power optimization of distribution network with distributed power supply is carried out. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
{"title":"Multi-Objective Reactive Power Optimization Including Distributed Generation","authors":"Hong Wang, Zhijie Wang","doi":"10.32732/ASE.2019.11.1.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32732/ASE.2019.11.1.46","url":null,"abstract":" In order to solve the problem of reactive power optimization of distribution network with distributed power supply, the multi-objective reactive power optimization function is established from multiple perspectives, and the equation constraint and inequality constraint equation of power system are considered. Secondly, taking IEEE33 node distribution system with distributed power supply as an example, reactive power optimization of single objective function is carried out to verify that the proposed algorithm has a global convergence and a great advantage in convergence speed. Finally, multi-objective reactive power optimization of distribution network with distributed power supply is carried out. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.","PeriodicalId":7336,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Material Sciences and Engineering","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81435436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-15DOI: 10.32732/ASE.2019.11.1.1
A. Bartošová, M. Soldán, Maroš Sirotiak, Michaela Prachová
Nowadays flame-retardant chemicals are mandatory in many products worldwide, flame-retardant chemicals are mandatory in many products worldwide, since they protect human life and property. Over the past few decades the use of flame-retardant chemicals has increase. Flame-retardant polymeric materials have spawned huge research interest in both scientific and industrial communities due to their broad range of applications in the fields of aviation, automotive industry, construction, electronics and telecommunications. The use of conventional FRs to meet the fire safety standards is of serious importance as they ultimately yield POPs of global concern. Considering eco-friendliness and other required properties, unsatisfactory fire performance is a major obstacle. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of traditional, commonly used flame retardants, as well as an overview of new, more environmentally acceptable alternatives.
{"title":"Novel Environmental Friendly Fire Retardants","authors":"A. Bartošová, M. Soldán, Maroš Sirotiak, Michaela Prachová","doi":"10.32732/ASE.2019.11.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32732/ASE.2019.11.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays flame-retardant chemicals are mandatory in many products worldwide, flame-retardant chemicals are mandatory in many products worldwide, since they protect human life and property. Over the past few decades the use of flame-retardant chemicals has increase. Flame-retardant polymeric materials have spawned huge research interest in both scientific and industrial communities due to their broad range of applications in the fields of aviation, automotive industry, construction, electronics and telecommunications. The use of conventional FRs to meet the fire safety standards is of serious importance as they ultimately yield POPs of global concern. Considering eco-friendliness and other required properties, unsatisfactory fire performance is a major obstacle. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of traditional, commonly used flame retardants, as well as an overview of new, more environmentally acceptable alternatives.","PeriodicalId":7336,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Material Sciences and Engineering","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74231405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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