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Sibling of Disabled Child at the Inclusive School 残疾儿童在包容性学校的兄弟姐妹
Pub Date : 2018-04-26 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0711.1000609
Marta Kolařikova
The support provided to families with disabled children is exclusively focused on the disabled child or his/her parents. Although current trends emphasize the need to work with the family as a system, minor siblings are usually at the margin. My article paid attention to joint education, which is the situation when the disabled child attends the same school that his/her "healthy" sibling does. The study was aimed to find out whether the teachers at such schools know that the children in their class have a disabled sibling at the same school, how they treat him/her with respect to the relations with classmates, what responsibilities is the child assigned by the teachers and the parents in connection with the help with the education of the disabled sibling. The research done through a self-structured questionnaire took place at 32 schools where disabled children and their siblings attend inclusive education. The study result was sad. The detailed analysis of the findings showed that most teachers do not know that the child in their class is the sibling of a disabled child going to the same school. That means that they never spoke with them about that topic, they never expressed understanding of his/her difficult life situation, they did not help in case of conflicts with the classmates, they did not support him/her.
向有残疾儿童的家庭提供的支助完全集中在残疾儿童或其父母身上。尽管目前的趋势强调需要将家庭作为一个系统来工作,但未成年的兄弟姐妹通常处于边缘。我的文章关注的是共同教育,即残疾儿童和他/她的“健康”兄弟姐妹在同一所学校上学的情况。这项研究的目的是了解这些学校的老师是否知道他们班上的孩子在同一所学校有一个残疾兄弟姐妹,他们在与同学的关系方面如何对待他/她,老师和家长在帮助残疾兄弟姐妹教育方面给孩子分配了什么责任。这项研究是在32所残疾儿童及其兄弟姐妹接受全纳教育的学校通过一份自行编制的问卷进行的。研究结果令人沮丧。对调查结果的详细分析表明,大多数教师不知道他们班上的孩子是同一所学校残疾儿童的兄弟姐妹。这意味着他们从未与他们谈论过这个话题,从未对他/她的困难生活状况表示理解,在与同学发生冲突时也没有提供帮助,也没有支持他/她。
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引用次数: 0
Behavioral Activation Intervention Delivered by a Community Physician to Treat Depressed Female Patients Resident at King Faisal National Guard Residential City in Jeddah, from 18 Years Old and More, Randomized Control Trial, 2017 社区医生为吉达费萨尔国王国民警卫队居住城市18岁及以上的抑郁症女性患者提供的行为激活干预,随机对照试验,2017年
Pub Date : 2018-04-11 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0711.1000602
Alaa H Alsharif, Fahad Al-Tayyeb, B. Aljasir, A. Saleh, A. Bargawi
Background: Depression becomes one of the commonest mental illness that needs early screening and intervention. Behavioral activation is one of the treatment modalities that can be conducted by trained health care professional. The patient learned how to cope with depression using the behavioral activation technique and that can lead to prevent future relapse. Aim: To apply behavioral activation intervention in the primary health care centers and to be delivered by trained nurses. Objectives: This Randomize controlled trial (RCT) conducted to study the effectiveness of behavioral activation intervention among depressed patients. Methodology: Depressed patients were recruited through a community screening using the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) questionnaire, 16 participants volunteered and randomize for the RCT stage in a ratio of intervention to control (1:1). Post intervention assessment conducted by (BDI-II). Behavioral activation working sheets used during the intervention. Result: The behavioral activation is effective and simple intervention with significant P value among the interventional group (P=0.017). Conclusion: The behavioral activation intervention is effective to manage the depression among the study population. A nationwide survey to accurately determine the cost-effectiveness of behavioral activation program to reduce the burden on health care system is required.
背景:抑郁症是最常见的精神疾病之一,需要早期筛查和干预。行为激活是一种可以由受过培训的医疗保健专业人员进行的治疗方式。患者学会了如何使用行为激活技术来应对抑郁症,这可以防止未来复发。目的:在初级保健中心应用行为激活干预,并由受过培训的护士提供。目的:本随机对照试验旨在研究行为激活干预在抑郁症患者中的有效性。方法:使用Beck抑郁量表II(BDI-II)问卷,通过社区筛查招募抑郁患者,16名参与者自愿并按照干预与对照的比例(1:1)随机进入随机对照试验阶段。由(BDI-II)进行的干预后评估。干预期间使用的行为激活工作表。结果:行为激活是一种有效而简单的干预措施,干预组的P值显著(P=0.017)。结论:行为激活干预对研究人群的抑郁症是有效的。需要进行一项全国性的调查,以准确确定行为激活计划的成本效益,从而减轻医疗保健系统的负担。
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引用次数: 0
An Analysis of Road Traffic Injuries in India from 2013 to 2016: A Review Article 2013 - 2016年印度道路交通伤害分析综述
Pub Date : 2018-03-23 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0711.1000601
S. Elango, Ramya Ab, A. Renita, M. Ramana, S. Revathy, M. Rajajeyakumar
Background: Accidents are killing more people in India than terrorism or natural disasters. Risk factors can be grouped as human and environmental causes. Better road safety plans for execution since morbidity mortality disability and economic impact of road traffic accidents. Aims and Objectives: To analyze the available data on RTA and find out the epidemiological factors, morbidity and mortality pattern from 2013-2016 and to assess the possibility of achievement of Brasilia declaration in India by 2020. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was done from the time period 2013 to 2016. Among the 50 studies, 23 articles were included for this study after meeting this inclusion criteria. Results and Discussions: From the data, Number of person killed in RTA has increased by 3.2% from 2013-16, Economically productive age group is the most vulnerable group (3.5% increase from 2014-16) of which more than 2/3rd are males are subjected to RTA, which indirectly reflect on families and countries economical standards, 13 states has accounted for 86% of total road accidents in the country, Tamilnadu holds the record for highest in 2013-16. Conclusion: With the data that has been compiled from the year 2013-16, distribution of road accident with respect to age, gender, month, time, geography, epidemiological factors, morbidity and mortality pattern due to RTAs in India has been charted out, and analysis has been if we can achieve the goal of Brasilia Declaration.
背景:在印度,事故造成的死亡人数超过了恐怖主义或自然灾害。风险因素可分为人为因素和环境因素。由于道路交通事故的发病率、死亡率、残疾和经济影响,执行了更好的道路安全计划。目的和目的:分析RTA的可用数据,找出2013-2016年的流行病学因素、发病率和死亡率模式,并评估到2020年在印度实现巴西利亚宣言的可能性。材料和方法:从2013年到2016年进行回顾性研究。在50项研究中,有23篇文章在符合纳入标准后被纳入本研究。结果与讨论:从数据来看,死于RTA的人数比2013-16年增加了3.2%,经济生产年龄组是最脆弱的群体(比2014-16年增加3.5%),其中超过2/3的男性受到RTA的影响,这间接反映了家庭和国家的经济标准,13个州占全国道路事故总数的86%,塔米尔纳杜保持着2013-16年的最高纪录。结论:根据2013-16年的数据,绘制了印度道路交通事故的年龄、性别、月份、时间、地理、流行病学因素、发病率和死亡率模式的分布图,并对我们能否实现《巴西利亚宣言》的目标进行了分析。
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引用次数: 8
Perceived Causes and Associated Factors of Schizophrenia among Adult Feresbet Town Residents North West Ethiopia 2016/17 埃塞俄比亚西北部Feresbet镇成年居民精神分裂症的感知原因和相关因素2016/17
Pub Date : 2018-03-16 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0711.1000598
Zelalem Belayneh, D. Abebaw, T. Amare, Kibrom Haile
Introduction: Traditional perception about the causes of schizophrenia can affect the way of seeking for help and lengthen the time of help seeking behavior. Therefore, evaluating the community perception towards the causes of schizophrenia is vital. Method and materials: The study was conducted at Feresbet town with multi-stage sampling technique by using Causal Model Questionnaire for Schizophrenia (CMQS). The collected data was explored to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Binary logistic regression was used and the level of significance of association was determined at P- value <0.05 with 95% confidence interval. Result: Majority 702 (73.7%) of respondents shared traditional perception about the cause of schizophrenia in contrast to bio-psychosocial causal explanations of schizophrenia. Older age, female sex and less education had significant association with supernatural causal perception of schizophrenia. Conclusion: This study showed that traditional causal perception of schizophrenia is high which demonstrates a need for educational and awareness creation programs.
对精神分裂症成因的传统认知会影响患者的求助方式,延长患者求助行为的时间。因此,评估社区对精神分裂症病因的认识至关重要。方法与材料:采用多阶段抽样技术,在Feresbet镇采用精神分裂症因果模型问卷(CMQS)进行研究。收集到的数据使用SPSS version 20进行分析。采用二元logistic回归,P值<0.05,置信区间为95%,确定相关性显著性水平。结果:绝大多数702人(73.7%)对精神分裂症的成因持传统认识,而对精神分裂症的生物-社会心理因果解释持不同看法。年龄较大、性别为女性、受教育程度较低与精神分裂症的超自然因果知觉显著相关。结论:本研究表明,传统的精神分裂症因果认知较高,需要开展教育和意识创造项目。
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引用次数: 0
TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC THERAPY IN TREATMENT OF ADOLESCENT OBESITY 经颅磁疗治疗青少年肥胖
Pub Date : 2018-03-09 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0711-C1-31
A. Averianov
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge, Beliefs and Attitude towards Sickle Cell Disease among University Students 大学生对镰状细胞病的认识、信念与态度
Pub Date : 2018-02-26 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0711.1000593
Boadu I, A. T.
Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the most prevalent genetic disorders among the African descent. SCD is associated with intermittent excruciating pain, increased morbidity and mortality yet has received less recognition in the public domain. There is growing evidence on the need to increase awareness to reduce the disease incidence. This study aimed to elicit student’s knowledge, beliefs and attitude of SCD. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed. A total of 380 university students at all levels were invited to participate in the study. Of these, 350 successfully completed the study (response rate, 92.10%). A semi structured questionnaire was used to collect information on participant’s demographic characteristics, general knowledge of SCD, beliefs and attitudes of students towards SCD. Results: Almost all the students were aware of SCD (98.6%) with the main source of information being school (84.6%) and the media (12.6%). Knowledge level of respondents on SCD based on scores revealed a mean score of 9.8 ± 4.2 with 45.1%, 47.8%, and 7.1% for poor, moderate and excellent respectively. Most of the respondents strongly agreed that they feel worried (52.9%) and sympathetic (51.4%) for people affected with SCD. Participants had the belief that it is an inherited disease acquired from parents (48.3%) but not a punishment from God (76.3%). Higher level of education and knowing a relative with sickle cell trait (SCT) or SCD was significantly associated with high knowledge of SCD (p<0.05). Conclusion: In general, there was a limited understanding and inadequate knowledge of SCD among the students particularly on the pattern of inheritance. Results from the study highlight the need for effective public health education on SCT/SCD in trusted sources such as schools, media (radio/Television), health centers and churches. This is necessary to address misconceptions and increase knowledge level as well as understanding of the risks of having a child with SCD to influence personal reproductive options.
背景:镰状细胞病(SCD)是非洲人后裔中最常见的遗传疾病之一。SCD与间歇性剧烈疼痛、发病率和死亡率增加有关,但在公共领域的认识较少。越来越多的证据表明,有必要提高人们的认识,以降低疾病的发病率。本研究旨在了解学生对SCD的认识、信念和态度。方法:采用描述性横断面研究设计。共有380名各级大学生受邀参加了这项研究。其中,350人成功完成了这项研究(应答率为92.10%)。使用半结构化问卷收集参与者的人口统计学特征、SCD的一般知识、学生对SCD的信念和态度等信息。结果:几乎所有学生都知道SCD(98.6%),主要信息来源是学校(84.6%)和媒体(12.6%)。根据得分,受访者对SCD的知识水平平均得分为9.8±4.2,差、中、优分别为45.1%、47.8%和7.1%。大多数受访者强烈同意他们对SCD患者感到担忧(52.9%)和同情(51.4%)。参与者认为这是一种从父母那里获得的遗传性疾病(48.3%),而不是上帝的惩罚(76.3%)。较高的教育水平和了解具有镰状细胞特征(SCT)或SCD的亲属与对SCD的高度了解显著相关(p<0.05)。结论:总的来说,学生们对SCD的理解有限,尤其是对遗传模式的理解不足。研究结果强调,需要在学校、媒体(广播/电视)、健康中心和教堂等可靠来源进行有效的SCT/SCD公共卫生教育。这对于解决误解、提高知识水平以及了解患有SCD的孩子影响个人生育选择的风险是必要的。
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引用次数: 20
NECK OF FEMUR PATIENTS ON WARFARIN: HOW TO OPTIMISE THEM AND ACHIEVE THE BEST PRACTICE TARIFF? 使用华法林的股骨颈患者:如何优化它们并实现最佳实践关税?
Pub Date : 2018-02-21 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0711-C7-051
pA Heri Iswantop
Introduction Management of a patient with a neck of femur (NOF) fracture is a key aspect of orthopaedic trauma care, with around 75 000 new cases in the United Kingdom annually costing the health c...
股骨颈(NOF)骨折患者的管理是骨科创伤护理的一个关键方面,在英国每年约有75000例新病例,花费了英国的医疗费用。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence of Undiagnosed Hypertension and Associated Factors among Residents in Gulele Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴Gulele市居民中未确诊高血压的患病率及其相关因素
Pub Date : 2018-02-21 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0711.1000590
F. Getachew, A. Dirar, D. Solomon
Background: Non-communicable diseases are the major contributors of morbidity and mortality in the elderly estimating the prevalence of hypertension and studying the health seeking behavior is important. Objective: To assess undiagnosed hypertension and associated factor in Gulele Sub City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 422 adults from April to May 2017. Data was collected by using pre-tested, structured questionnaire. The data collected was analyzed using SPSS version 20.00 statistical software. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent variables. Result: The prevalence of undiagnosed Hypertension in our finding was 13.25%. Most of the respondents 249 (69.75%) know about what hypertension mean. In this study age, occupation, marital status, dietary practices were significantly associated undiagnosed hypertension. Conclusion: Undiagnosed hypertension was found to be prevalent in the community. The study concluded that the there is a need for increasing awareness towards health seeking behavior to prevent undiagnosed hypertension.
背景:非传染性疾病是导致老年人发病率和死亡率的主要因素。估计高血压的患病率和研究其健康寻求行为具有重要意义。目的:评估埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴古勒勒勒市未确诊的高血压及其相关因素。方法:2017年4月至5月,对422名成年人进行了横断面研究。数据是通过使用预先测试的结构化问卷收集的。使用SPSS 20.00版统计软件对收集的数据进行分析。多变量逻辑回归用于确定自变量。结果:在我们的调查中,未确诊高血压的患病率为13.25%。249名受访者(69.75%)中的大多数人知道高血压的含义。在这项研究中,年龄、职业、婚姻状况、饮食习惯与未确诊的高血压显著相关。结论:未确诊的高血压在社区中普遍存在。该研究得出的结论是,有必要提高人们对健康寻求行为的认识,以预防未确诊的高血压。
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引用次数: 21
Systematic Review of School-Based Mental Health Intervention among Primary School Children 小学儿童校本心理健康干预的系统评价
Pub Date : 2018-02-19 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0711.1000589
R. Sutan, M. NurEzdiani, Muhammad Aklil Ar, Diyana Mm, Raudah Ar, J. FadzrulHafiz, Mohd Shafik Am, Mohd Fadhli Mf, A. MuhammadHaneef, N. Ms, K. Renugadevi, Am Ah, Wan Rosmawati Wi, Siti Diyana, R. Abdulrahman, Z. Zuraidah, Nur Ashiqin Ar, Aznida Mz, M. MohdFaizal, A. Azman, M. Khalid
Mental health disorders among children are increasing in trend. Evidence had suggested a better outcome if any school intervention introduced at primary school before entering the secondary level due to the peer influence. Many focused interventions on mental health targeting the school children are conducted in high income countries. Scares publication related to child mental health intervention from developing countries. This study aimed to systematically review and identify universal mental health program done in addressing the common types of mental health disorders among primary school children looking at the effectiveness of the school-based mental health intervention implemented. PubMed, Scopus, Google scholar and grey literature from these database were search using specific keywords search. Abstracts and full articles were reviewed and graded for quality in pairs using criteria determined in consensus. Any dispute was resolved through third reviewer. A total of 109,242 were found in first hit, and nine studies were included following careful selection process. Three were randomized controlled trials; two used bifactorial design, one prospective intervention cohort, one experimental design with waitlist control, one quasiexperimental pre-post and one non-equivalent group comparison with pre and post-test. Eight of 9 studies showed effectiveness in the outcome. The studies had low to moderate quality. An intervention design that adapted to the population socio cultural showed better acceptance and effective in preventing childhood mental health problems at primary school level.
儿童心理健康障碍呈上升趋势。有证据表明,由于同伴影响,如果在进入中学阶段之前在小学引入任何学校干预措施,结果会更好。高收入国家开展了许多针对在校儿童的心理健康重点干预措施。使发展中国家有关儿童心理健康干预的出版物受到惊吓。本研究旨在系统地回顾和识别在解决小学生常见类型的心理健康障碍方面所做的普遍心理健康计划,并观察以学校为基础的心理健康干预实施的有效性。使用特定关键词检索PubMed、Scopus、谷歌scholar和灰色文献。摘要和全文被审查和分级成对使用的标准确定的一致意见。任何争议都通过第三方审稿人解决。第一次命中共发现109242个,经过精心挑选,纳入了9个研究。其中3项为随机对照试验;两组采用双因子设计,一组采用前瞻性干预队列设计,一组采用等候名单对照设计,一组采用准实验前后对照设计,一组采用非等效组与前后对照设计。9项研究中有8项显示结果有效。这些研究的质量为低到中等。适应人口、社会文化的干预设计在预防小学阶段儿童心理健康问题方面表现出更好的接受性和有效性。
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引用次数: 10
The Three Dimensions of Health and Well Being 健康和幸福的三个维度
Pub Date : 2018-02-05 DOI: 10.4172/2161-0711.1000586
R. Khan, Qureshi Msh
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Journal of community medicine & health education
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