Journal of herbal pharmacotherapy最新文献

英文中文

Introduction: 13th Annual Symposium on Complementary Health Care 导言:第十三届补充保健年度研讨会

Journal of herbal pharmacotherapy

Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/15228940802142514

E. Ernst, B. Wider, K. Boddy

引用次数: 0

Effect of Methanolic Extract of Dendrophthoe falcata Stem on Reproductive Function of Male Albino Rats 镰刀藤茎醇提物对雄性白化大鼠生殖功能的影响

Journal of herbal pharmacotherapy

Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/J157v07n02_01

R. Gupta, J. Kachhawa, A. Sharma

In spite of the considerable development in contraceptive technology, search for male antifertility agents in plants continues to be a potential area of investigation. Many plants have been known to possess antifertility activity, but limited attempts have been made to scientifically evaluate these claims. Hence the purpose of this study was to evaluate the antifertility and reproductive toxicity potential of Dendrophthoe falcata(Loranthaceae) in male Wistar rats. An oral 70% methanolic extract of stem of D. falcata at a dose level of 100 mg/kg wt/day fed to male albino rats for 60 days did not decrease body weight, while the testes and epididymides were significantly reduced, and the seminal vesicles and ventral prostate also showed a significant reduction (P < 0.01). Treated animals showed a notable depression of spermatogenesis. As a result of 100 mg/kg extract feeding, the preleptotene spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes, step-19 spermatids and the mature Leydig cells decreased by 74.36%, 80.03%, 79.87%, 32.37%, respectively. At this dose Leydig cell nuclear area and cytoplasmic area, as well as the cross sectional surface area of Sertoli cells, were significantly reduced (P<0.001) when compared to controls. The reduced sperm count and motility resulted in 100% negative fertility at 100 mg/kg dose level. A significant fall in the total protein and sialic acid content in the testes, epididymides, seminal vesicle and ventral prostate, as well as in the glycogen content of testes was also observed. The level of serum protein, cholesterol, billirubin, SGOT, SGPT, blood urea, and hematological indices were unaltered. In conclusion, Dendrophthoe falcata brought about the inhibition of spermatogenesis.

尽管避孕技术有了相当大的发展，但在植物中寻找雄性抗生育剂仍然是一个潜在的研究领域。已知许多植物具有抗生育活性，但对这些说法进行科学评估的尝试有限。因此，本研究的目的是评价镰刀石斛(Loranthaceae)对雄性Wistar大鼠的抗生育和生殖毒性潜力。白化雄性大鼠口服100 mg/kg wt/d的白化茎70%甲醇提取物60 d后，体重未显著降低，但睾丸、附睾、精囊和前列腺腹侧部均显著降低(P < 0.01)。治疗后的动物精子发生明显下降。饲喂100 mg/kg提取物后，卵黄精母细胞、次生精母细胞、step19精母细胞和成熟间质细胞数量分别减少74.36%、80.03%、79.87%和32.37%。与对照组相比，在该剂量下，间质细胞核面积和细胞质面积以及支持细胞的横截表面积均显著减少(P<0.001)。在100 mg/kg剂量水平下，精子数量和活力下降导致100%的负生育。睾丸、附睾、精囊和前列腺腹侧总蛋白和唾液酸含量以及睾丸糖原含量均显著下降。血清蛋白、胆固醇、胆红素、SGOT、SGPT、血尿素及血液学指标均无变化。综上所述，镰刀石斛对精子发生具有抑制作用。

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引用次数: 18

In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Three Piper Species 三种胡椒的体外抗氧化活性研究

Journal of herbal pharmacotherapy

Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/J157v07n02_04

G. Agbor, J. Vinson, J. Oben, J. Ngogang

Reactive oxygen species are known to play a role in numerous pathological conditions, and antioxidants from plant sources have been of great help in modulating this effect. This study assesses the methanolic exttacts of the leaves of three Piper species (Piper guineense Schum and Thonn, Piper nigrum L. and Piper umbellatum L.) (Piper-aceae) for their polyphenolic concentration and free radical scavenging activity. The Folin-Ciocalteu method was used to assess the polyphenolic concenttation while the reducing power, l,l-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide scavenging and metal chelating activities were employed in studying the radical scavenging activity of the extracts. All three spices exhibited a marked polyphenolic concentration and dose dependent free radical scavenging activity. The free polyphenolic concentration of the three spices was in the order P. umbellatum(15.9 ± 1.9 mg/g) > P. guineense(12.6 ± 0.3 mg/g) > P. nigrum(9.8 ± 0.8). The three Piper extracts exhibited a 79.8-89.9% scavenging effect on DPPH, an 85.1-97.9% scavenging effect on nitric oxide at a dose level of 10 mg/ml and a 47.1-51.6% scavenging effect on Superoxide radical at a dose level of 8 mg/ml extraction. Piper extracts also exhibited a 57-76.1% scavenging effect on hydroxyl radical at 5 mg/ml, a 0.4-0.6 reducing power and an 88.3-93.9% metal chelating activity at a dose level of 8 mg/ml of extract. Thus, these Piper species can play a role in the modulation of free radical induced disorders.

已知活性氧在许多病理条件下发挥作用，植物来源的抗氧化剂在调节这种作用方面有很大帮助。研究了胡椒科三种胡椒(Piper guineense Schum and Thonn, Piper nigrum L.和Piper umellatum L.)叶片甲醇提取物的多酚浓度和自由基清除活性。用Folin-Ciocalteu法测定其多酚含量，用还原力、DPPH、超氧自由基、羟基自由基、清除一氧化氮和金属螯合活性考察其清除自由基的能力。三种香料均表现出明显的多酚浓度和剂量依赖性自由基清除活性。三种香料的游离多酚含量依次为:伞花(15.9±1.9 mg/g)、豚鼠花(12.6±0.3 mg/g)、黑花(9.8±0.8 mg/g)。3种提取物对DPPH的清除率为79.8 ~ 89.9%，对一氧化氮的清除率为85.1 ~ 97.9%，对超氧化物自由基的清除率为47.1 ~ 51.6%，剂量水平为10 mg/ml。5 mg/ml时，胡椒提取物对羟基自由基的清除率为57 ~ 76.1%，8 mg/ml时，其还原能力为0.4 ~ 0.6，金属螯合活性为88.3 ~ 93.9%。因此，这些Piper可以在自由基诱导的疾病的调节中发挥作用。

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引用次数: 40

Elemental Characterization of Trifala Powders and Tablets by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis, Thermal Analysis and Spectral Studies of Gallic Acid 用仪器中子活化分析、热分析和没食子酸的光谱研究对三叶草粉末和片剂进行元素表征

Journal of herbal pharmacotherapy

Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/J157v07n02_02

R. Choudhury, A. Kumar, A. N. Garg

Trifala is one of the most popular herbal formulations, marketed either as powder or a tablet and is used in all parts of India. It is an effective laxative, antioxidant, anticancer and antidiabetic agent, and is used to refresh the eyes. In order to understand the therapeutic uses of trifala, the powder and tablet forms from Zandu Pharmaceuticals, Mumbai, were analyzed for six minor (Na, K, Mg, Ca, Cl and P) and 23 trace (AI, Ba, Br, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Eu, Hf, Hg, La, Mn, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Th, V and Zn) elements. The elements were determined by employing instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). A comparison of the elemental contents in the powder and tablets showed wide variations. The powder was rich in Cr, Fe, Se and Zn, whereas the tablet contained a four-fold higher Mn compared to the powder. Column and thin layer chromatography (TLC) in ethyl acetate/methanol (7:3) were used for the separation of gallic acid in ethanolic extract. It was further confirmed by elemental analysis and spectral methods and quantitatively estimated to the extent of −2%. Thermogravimetric decomposition studies show a three stage process, first a slow process with −20% wt loss at temperatures up to 200°C followed by a fast process losing another 30-35% wt at ∼300°C for both the powder and tablets. At 700°C metal oxide residue of 7.5 and −16% were left for powder and tablets, respectively.

Trifala是最受欢迎的草药配方之一，以粉末或片剂的形式销售，在印度各地都有使用。它是一种有效的泻药，抗氧化剂，抗癌和降糖剂，并用于刷新眼睛。为了了解三叶草的治疗用途，对孟买Zandu制药公司生产的三叶草粉末和片剂进行了6种微量元素(Na、K、Mg、Ca、Cl和P)和23种微量元素(AI、Ba、Br、Cd、Co、Cr、Cs、Cu、Fe、Eu、Hf、Hg、La、Mn、Ni、P、Pb、Rb、Sb、Se、Th、V和Zn)的分析。采用仪器中子活化分析(INAA)和原子吸收分光光度法(AAS)测定。粉末和片剂中元素含量的比较显示出很大的差异。粉末中含有丰富的Cr、Fe、Se和Zn，而片剂中Mn的含量是粉末的4倍。采用乙酸乙酯/甲醇(7:3)色谱柱薄层色谱法分离乙醇提取物中的没食子酸。元素分析和光谱分析进一步证实了这一点，并定量估计了- 2%的范围。热重分解研究显示了一个三个阶段的过程，首先是一个缓慢的过程，在高达200°C的温度下损失- 20%的重量，然后是一个快速的过程，在~ 300°C的温度下损失另外30-35%的重量。在700℃时，粉末和片剂的金属氧化物残留量分别为7.5%和- 16%。

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引用次数: 3

Antihypertensive Activity of the Aqueous Extract of Retama raetam Forssk. Leaves in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats 水提物的降压活性研究。自发性高血压大鼠的叶片

Journal of herbal pharmacotherapy

Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/J157v07n02_05

M. Eddouks, M. Maghrani, L. Louedec, M. Haloui, J. Michel

The antihypertensive and diuretic effects of the aqueous extract of Retama raetam Forssk. (RR) leaves were studied in both normotensive (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). In SHR rats, daily oral administration of RR (20 mg/kg) for three weeks exhibited a significant reduction in blood pressure. The systolic blood pressure decreased significantly from the seventh day (P<0.01) and persisted through the end of treatment (P<0.001) in SHR rats. The RR significantly enhanced the diuresis in WKY rats (P<0.001). Furthermore, oral administration of RR at a dose of 20 mg/kg produced a significant increase on urinary excretion of sodium (P<0.05), potassium (P<0.01) and chlorides (P<0.01) in SHR rats. In WKY rats, RR treatment induced a significant increase on urinary potassium elimination (P<0.05) without affecting sodium and chloride excretion. Irbesartan (Avapro(r)) 20 mg/kg (body weight), an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, was used as reference drug. No significant changes were noted in heart rate after RR treatment in SHR as well as in WKY rats. Glomerular filtration rate showed a significant increase after RR administration in WKY rats (P<0.01) and a no significant increase in SHR rats. These results suggest that oral administration of aqueous RR extract exhibited antihypertensive and diuretic effects in SHR rats and diuretic action in WKY rats.

水提物的降压利尿作用。研究了正常(WKY)和自发性高血压(SHR)大鼠叶片(RR)的变化。在SHR大鼠中，每天口服RR (20mg /kg)三周，血压显著降低。SHR大鼠收缩压从第7天开始显著下降(P<0.01)，并持续到治疗结束(P<0.001)。RR显著增强WKY大鼠利尿功能(P<0.001)。此外，口服20 mg/kg剂量的RR显著增加了SHR大鼠尿中钠(P<0.05)、钾(P<0.01)和氯化物(P<0.01)的排泄量。在WKY大鼠中，RR治疗显著增加尿钾消除(P<0.05)，但不影响钠和氯的排泄。血管紧张素II受体拮抗剂厄贝沙坦(阿瓦普罗)20 mg/kg(体重)作为对照药物。治疗后SHR和WKY大鼠的心率均无明显变化。给药后，WKY大鼠肾小球滤过率显著升高(P<0.01)， SHR大鼠肾小球滤过率无显著升高。上述结果提示，口服RR水提物对SHR大鼠具有降压和利尿作用，对WKY大鼠具有利尿作用。

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引用次数: 26

Echinacea 紫锥菊

Journal of herbal pharmacotherapy

Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/J157v07n02_06

Michael Tierra

Echinacea is one of the most popular herbs in modern Europe and United States marketplaces. Unfortunately, most of the Echinacea consumed is misused, based on its misrepresentation as an effective cold and flu remedy. Throughout the later part of the nineteenth century and the first thirty years of the twentieth century, Echinacea was the preferred treatment for infections. The introduction of antibiotics resulted in the eclipse of Echinacea, along with the professional medical doctors, known as the “Eclectics,” who based their treatment on the use of herbs.

紫锥菊是现代欧洲和美国市场上最流行的草药之一。不幸的是，大多数紫锥菊被误用，因为它被误认为是一种有效的感冒和流感治疗药物。在整个19世纪后半叶和20世纪前30年，紫锥菊是治疗感染的首选药物。抗生素的引入导致紫锥菊黯然失色，同时还有被称为“折衷派”的专业医生，他们的治疗基于草药的使用。

引用次数: 2

Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Isomeric Mixture of Alpha- and Beta-Amyrin from Protium heptaphyllum(Aubl.) March 七叶丙氨酸α -和β - amyrin异构体混合物的镇痛和抗炎活性3月

Journal of herbal pharmacotherapy

Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/J157v07n02_03

G. Aragão, M. C. Pinheiro, P. Bandeira, T. L. Lemos, G. Viana

In the present work, we demonsteated that the mixture of alpha- and beta-amyrin (AMI) from Protium heptaphyllum has anti-nociceptive activity as was evident from the writhing and formalin tests in mice. AMI (10 and 50 mg/kg, i.p.) inhibited writhing in 73 and 94%, respectively, while preferentially inhibiting the 2nd phase of the response (37 and 51; and 60 and 73% inhibitions of the 1st and 2nd phases, respectively) to the formalin test. Naloxone, an opioid antagonist, did not reverse the antinociceptive effect. AMI (50 mg/kg, i.p.) was also active in the hot plate test, increasing the reaction time to thermal stimulus after 30 and 60 min, by 62 and 71%, respectively. A preventive antiedematogenic effect was observed in mice that had a carrageenan-in-duced paw edema. Paw volume was significantly and dose-dependently decreased by 39,42 and 53%, three hours after administration of 10, 25 and 50 mg/kg doses, i.p., respectively. AMI (25 and 50 mg/kg, i.p.) was also able to reverse the edema already induced by carrageenan (curative effect). AMI (10 and 25 mg/kg, i.p.) was equally effective in the dex-tran-induced paw edema (preventive effect), reducing the paw volume by 50 and 60% at the 2nd hour, and by 63 and 73% at the third hour post-dose. AMI (50 mg/kg, i.p.) reverted the edema already formed after the dextran injection (curative effect). In conclusion, AMI demonstrated peripheral and central analgesic effects independent of the opioid system, and also showed a potent anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-inflammatory activity was potentiated by both indomethacin and thalid-omide, suggesting a potential involvement of prostaglandins and TNF-alpha inhibitions.

在目前的工作中，我们证明了从七叶丙中提取的α -和β -amyrin (AMI)的混合物具有抗伤害活性，这从小鼠的扭体和福尔马林试验中得到了明显的证明。AMI(10和50 mg/kg, i.p)分别抑制73%和94%的扭体，同时优先抑制第二阶段反应(37和51;1期和2期的抑制率分别为60%和73%)。纳洛酮，一种阿片类拮抗剂，没有逆转抗感觉作用。AMI (50 mg/kg, i.p)在热板实验中也有活性，在30和60 min后对热刺激的反应时间分别增加62%和71%。在卡拉胶诱导的足跖水肿小鼠中观察到一种预防性的抗水肿作用。给药10、25和50 mg/kg后3小时，爪体积分别显著减少39.2%和53%，且呈剂量依赖性。AMI(25和50 mg/kg, i.p)也能逆转卡拉胶诱导的水肿(疗效)。AMI(10和25 mg/kg, i.p)对dex- trann诱导的足跖水肿同样有效(预防作用)，在给药后第2小时使足跖体积减少50%和60%，在给药后第3小时使足跖体积减少63%和73%。AMI (50mg /kg, ig)使右旋糖酐注射后已形成的水肿恢复(疗效)。综上所述，AMI具有独立于阿片系统的外周和中枢镇痛作用，并具有有效的抗炎活性。吲哚美辛和沙利胺均能增强抗炎活性，提示可能与前列腺素和tnf - α抑制有关。

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引用次数: 30

Antidyslipidemic activity of Indigofera tinctoria. 靛蓝的降脂活性。

Journal of herbal pharmacotherapy

Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1300/j157v07n01_05

Anju Puri, Tanvir Khaliq, S M Rajendran, Geetika Bhatia, Ramesh Chandra, Tadigoppula Narender

Indigofera tinctoria is a perennial shrub, which belongs to the family Papilionaceae. As a part of our drug discovery program we have investigated the antidyslipidemic activity of the alcoholic extract from Indigofera tinctoria as well as its three other components, that is, chloroform, butanol and aqueous fractions in dyslipidemic hamsters that were fed a high fat diet. The chloroform fraction showed a significant decrease in the plasma triglycerides (TG, 52%) (P < 0.001), total cholesterol (TC, 29%) (P < 0.05), glycerol (Gly, 24%) and free fatty acids (FFA, 14%). This decrease was also accompanied by an increase in high density lipoproteins (HDL) by 9% and an increased HDL-C/TC ratio of 52% at the dose of 250 mg/kg of body weight.

靛蓝是一种多年生灌木，属于凤蝶科。作为我们药物发现计划的一部分，我们研究了靛蓝的酒精提取物及其其他三种成分的抗血脂异常活性，即氯仿，丁醇和水馏分，这些成分被喂食高脂肪饮食的血脂异常仓鼠。氯仿组分显著降低血浆甘油三酯(TG, 52%) (P < 0.001)、总胆固醇(TC, 29%) (P < 0.05)、甘油(Gly, 24%)和游离脂肪酸(FFA, 14%)。在250 mg/kg体重的剂量下，这种下降还伴随着高密度脂蛋白(HDL)增加9%，HDL- c /TC比值增加52%。

引用次数: 5

Low dose herbs. 低剂量草药。

Journal of herbal pharmacotherapy

Pub Date : 2007-01-01

Kurta Purkh Singh Khalsa

引用次数: 0

Elemental characterization of trifala powders and tablets by instrumental neutron activation analysis, thermal analysis and spectral studies of gallic acid. 用仪器中子活化分析、热分析和没食子酸光谱研究三叶草粉末和片剂的元素特征。

Journal of herbal pharmacotherapy

Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1300/j157v07n02_02

R Paul Choudhury, A Kumar, A N Garg

Trifala is one of the most popular herbal formulations, marketed either as powder or a tablet and is used in all parts of India. It is an effective laxative, antioxidant, anticancer and antidiabetic agent, and is used to refresh the eyes. In order to understand the therapeutic uses of trifala, the powder and tablet forms from Zandu Pharmaceuticals, Mumbai, were analyzed for six minor (Na, K, Mg, Ca, Cl and P) and 23 trace (Al, Ba, Br, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Eu, Hf, Hg, La, Mn, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Th, V and Zn) elements. The elements were determined by employing instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). A comparison of the elemental contents in the powder and tablets showed wide variations. The powder was rich in Cr, Fe, Se and Zn, whereas the tablet contained a four-fold higher Mn compared to the powder. Column and thin layer chromatography (TLC) in ethyl acetate/methanol (7:3) were used for the separation of gallic acid in ethanolic extract. It was further confirmed by elemental analysis and spectral methods and quantitatively estimated to the extent of approximately 2%. Thermogravimetric decomposition studies show a three stage process, first a slow process with approximately 20% wt loss at temperatures up to 200 degrees C followed by a fast process losing another 30-35% wt at approximately 300 degrees C for both the powder and tablets. At 700 degrees C metal oxide residue of 7.5 and approximately 16% were left for powder and tablets, respectively.

Trifala是最受欢迎的草药配方之一，以粉末或片剂的形式销售，在印度各地都有使用。它是一种有效的泻药，抗氧化剂，抗癌和降糖剂，并用于刷新眼睛。为了了解三叶草的治疗用途，对孟买Zandu制药公司生产的三叶草粉末和片剂进行了6种微量元素(Na、K、Mg、Ca、Cl和P)和23种微量元素(Al、Ba、Br、Cd、Co、Cr、Cs、Cu、Fe、Eu、Hf、Hg、La、Mn、Ni、P、Pb、Rb、Sb、Se、Th、V和Zn)的分析。采用仪器中子活化分析(INAA)和原子吸收分光光度法(AAS)测定。粉末和片剂中元素含量的比较显示出很大的差异。粉末中含有丰富的Cr、Fe、Se和Zn，而片剂中Mn的含量是粉末的4倍。采用乙酸乙酯/甲醇(7:3)色谱柱薄层色谱法分离乙醇提取物中的没食子酸。元素分析和光谱分析进一步证实了这一点，并定量估计其含量约为2%。热重分解研究显示了一个三个阶段的过程，首先是一个缓慢的过程，在高达200摄氏度的温度下损失大约20%的重量，然后是一个快速的过程，在大约300摄氏度的温度下损失另外30-35%的重量。在700℃时，粉末和片剂的金属氧化物残留量分别为7.5%和约16%。

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引用次数: 0

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