Molecular psychology最新文献

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How the study of digital footprints can supplement research in behavioral genetics and molecular psychology 数字足迹研究如何补充行为遗传学和分子心理学的研究

Molecular psychology

Pub Date : 2022-05-17 DOI: 10.12688/molpsychol.17401.1

C. Montag, P. Dagum, B. Hall, J. Elhai

Studies that apply digital phenotyping and mobile sensing strategies have increased in recent years enabling a better understanding of psychiatric and psychological conditions, as well as neurodegenerative disorders. Although in this context the study of so-called “digital biomarkers” is proliferating, few studies have actually linked digital footprints to biological variables (and when done, the primary focus lay on brain imaging data). It is well established that many psychological phenotypes such as personality, but also psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, have a genetic basis – to a different heritability extent. Therefore, in the present opinion article we argue that it is of tremendous importance to also link the field of neurogenetics to the study of digital footprints, as the latter gives myriad insights into human life and in an objective way. The large field of behavioral genetics including the discipline of molecular psychology could profit greatly from focusing more on the actual study of behavior instead of solely relying on self-report data of study participants. In order to push this promising field forward, the present theoretical work presents three exemplary scenarios, highlighting where such a combination of digital and genetic data could be fruitful.

近年来，应用数字表型和移动传感策略的研究有所增加，从而更好地了解精神和心理状况以及神经退行性疾病。尽管在这种背景下，所谓的“数字生物标志物”的研究正在激增，但很少有研究将数字足迹与生物变量联系起来(即使完成，主要关注的是大脑成像数据)。众所周知，许多心理表型，如人格，还有精神疾病和神经退行性疾病，都有遗传基础——但遗传程度不同。因此，在目前的观点文章中，我们认为将神经遗传学领域与数字足迹的研究联系起来是非常重要的，因为后者以客观的方式为人类生活提供了无数的见解。包括分子心理学在内的行为遗传学的大领域可以从更多地关注行为的实际研究而不是仅仅依靠研究参与者的自我报告数据中受益匪浅。为了推动这一有前途的领域向前发展，目前的理论工作提出了三个典型的场景，突出了数字和遗传数据的这种结合可能是富有成效的。

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引用次数: 3

Spatial attention in natural tasks [version 1; peer review: 2 approved with reservations]. 自然任务中的空间注意[版本1;同行评议:[2]同意，但有保留。

Molecular psychology

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.12688/molpsychol.17488.1

Melville Wohlgemuth, Angeles Salles, Cynthia Moss

Little is known about fine scale neural dynamics that accompany rapid shifts in spatial attention in freely behaving animals, primarily because reliable indicators of attention are lacking in standard model organisms engaged in natural tasks. The echolocating bat can serve to bridge this gap, as it exhibits robust dynamic behavioral indicators of overt spatial attention as it explores its environment. In particular, the bat actively shifts the aim of its sonar beam to inspect objects in different directions, akin to eye movements and foveation in humans and other visually dominant animals. Further, the bat adjusts the temporal features of sonar calls to attend to objects at different distances, yielding a metric of acoustic gaze along the range axis. Thus, an echolocating bat's call features not only convey the information it uses to probe its surroundings, but also provide fine scale metrics of auditory spatial attention in 3D natural tasks. These explicit metrics of overt spatial attention can be leveraged to uncover general principles of neural coding in the mammalian brain.

在自由行为的动物中，伴随空间注意力快速变化的精细尺度神经动力学知之甚少，主要是因为在从事自然任务的标准模式生物中缺乏可靠的注意力指标。回声定位蝙蝠可以弥补这一差距，因为它在探索环境时表现出明显的空间注意力的动态行为指标。特别是，蝙蝠会主动改变其声纳光束的目标，以检查不同方向的物体，类似于人类和其他视觉优势动物的眼球运动和焦点。此外，蝙蝠调整声纳呼叫的时间特征，以关注不同距离的物体，产生沿距离轴的声学凝视度量。因此，回声定位蝙蝠的呼叫特征不仅传达了它用来探测周围环境的信息，而且还提供了三维自然任务中听觉空间注意力的精细尺度度量。这些明显的空间注意指标可以用来揭示哺乳动物大脑中神经编码的一般原理。

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引用次数: 0

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