Abstract Perishable artifacts are invaluable tools for reconstructing past lifeways of hunter-gatherers, and when preserved in arid settings, they can inform on dynamic interactions between communities and the environment. Many such materials were recovered from early archaeological surveys in Utah and Nevada but were largely excluded from contemporary analyses because of small sample sizes, their fragmentary nature, and insecure proveniences. This synchronic reanalysis of cordage and coiled basketry from 10 late Holocene sites in the Great Salt Lake Desert utilizes newer approaches to perishables analysis so as to collect data more conducive to statistical comparisons of subsistence and craft traditions absent from earlier Great Basin studies. Regional trends of conformity of fine cordage contrasted with a diversity of basketry manufacture suggest contemporaneous social stressors directing the production of materials and two potentially gendered subclasses of utilitarian objects. Feminine and masculine perishable crafts in the Bonneville Basin follow separate manufacturing traditions, observable despite small sample sizes and poor dating of these curated collections.
{"title":"Gendered Crafts in the Great Salt Lake Desert: A Comparative Analysis of Late Holocene Cordage and Coiled Basketry","authors":"M. Coe","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2023.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2023.33","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Perishable artifacts are invaluable tools for reconstructing past lifeways of hunter-gatherers, and when preserved in arid settings, they can inform on dynamic interactions between communities and the environment. Many such materials were recovered from early archaeological surveys in Utah and Nevada but were largely excluded from contemporary analyses because of small sample sizes, their fragmentary nature, and insecure proveniences. This synchronic reanalysis of cordage and coiled basketry from 10 late Holocene sites in the Great Salt Lake Desert utilizes newer approaches to perishables analysis so as to collect data more conducive to statistical comparisons of subsistence and craft traditions absent from earlier Great Basin studies. Regional trends of conformity of fine cordage contrasted with a diversity of basketry manufacture suggest contemporaneous social stressors directing the production of materials and two potentially gendered subclasses of utilitarian objects. Feminine and masculine perishable crafts in the Bonneville Basin follow separate manufacturing traditions, observable despite small sample sizes and poor dating of these curated collections.","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"88 1","pages":"302 - 325"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41659822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scott R. Hutson, James Johnson, S. Price, Dorian Record, Marcus Rodriguez, Taylor Snow, Tera Stocking
Abstract Studies in the sociopolitics of archaeology have shown patterns of inequality in publishing. Because this inequality affects the richness of perspectives on the past, the extent of unevenness requires continual documentation. This article explores gendered and institutionally based patterns of authorship in prominent archaeology journals, archaeology papers in general science journals, and Sapiens, a public-facing web magazine, from 2016 to 2021. We find that the representation of women is similar across these two types of journals, for authors both in the United States and abroad. Men still publish significantly more than women though the gap is narrowing due to the publication activity of recent PhDs. Using a large database of PhDs as a baseline for comparison, we find that women publish less in these venues than expected, resulting in an imbalance. Some archaeology programs have a larger presence in journal publishing than others, but this imbalance is not as pervasive as what has been observed in hiring practices. Archaeology journals exhibit healthier measures of diversity, compared to Science, in terms of the institutional affiliation of authors.
{"title":"Gender, Institutional Inequality, and Institutional Diversity in Archaeology Articles in Major Journals and Sapiens","authors":"Scott R. Hutson, James Johnson, S. Price, Dorian Record, Marcus Rodriguez, Taylor Snow, Tera Stocking","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2023.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2023.36","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Studies in the sociopolitics of archaeology have shown patterns of inequality in publishing. Because this inequality affects the richness of perspectives on the past, the extent of unevenness requires continual documentation. This article explores gendered and institutionally based patterns of authorship in prominent archaeology journals, archaeology papers in general science journals, and Sapiens, a public-facing web magazine, from 2016 to 2021. We find that the representation of women is similar across these two types of journals, for authors both in the United States and abroad. Men still publish significantly more than women though the gap is narrowing due to the publication activity of recent PhDs. Using a large database of PhDs as a baseline for comparison, we find that women publish less in these venues than expected, resulting in an imbalance. Some archaeology programs have a larger presence in journal publishing than others, but this imbalance is not as pervasive as what has been observed in hiring practices. Archaeology journals exhibit healthier measures of diversity, compared to Science, in terms of the institutional affiliation of authors.","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"88 1","pages":"326 - 343"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48060584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Open-air sites, especially those dated to the late Pleistocene and early Holocene periods, are notoriously difficult to find. Site formation and taphonomic processes challenge preservation, making identifying discrete activity areas and even site boundaries particularly challenging. In Diversity in Open-Air Site Structure across the Pleistocene/Holocene Boundary , Kristen A. Carlson and Leland C. Bement gather a group of investigators who meet these challenges. In the nine chapters, the authors present case studies analyzing a variety of open-air sites located in Europe and North America to demonstrate that with careful excavation and clever spatial analyses, open-air sites can offer valuable new information about past lifeways
{"title":"Diversity in Open-Air Site Structure across the Pleistocene/Holocene Boundary. Kristen A. Carlson and Leland C. Bement, editors. 2022. University Press of Colorado, Louisville. vii + 246 pp. $66.00 (hardcover), ISBN 978-1-64642-225-8. $53.00 (e-book), ISBN 978-1-64642-226-5.","authors":"Ashley M. Smallwood","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2023.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2023.35","url":null,"abstract":"Open-air sites, especially those dated to the late Pleistocene and early Holocene periods, are notoriously difficult to find. Site formation and taphonomic processes challenge preservation, making identifying discrete activity areas and even site boundaries particularly challenging. In Diversity in Open-Air Site Structure across the Pleistocene/Holocene Boundary , Kristen A. Carlson and Leland C. Bement gather a group of investigators who meet these challenges. In the nine chapters, the authors present case studies analyzing a variety of open-air sites located in Europe and North America to demonstrate that with careful excavation and clever spatial analyses, open-air sites can offer valuable new information about past lifeways","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49297886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This article investigates the rise of social complexity of Cahokia's multiethnic city through a robust stylistic grammar analysis of early Caddo fine ware vessels at Cahokia's East St. Louis Precinct. We explore ceramic production and distribution to shed light on whether Caddo-like fine wares were produced by Caddo potters who lived and crafted at Cahokia, were produced by local Cahokia potters who copied Caddo motifs, or were imported to Cahokia from the southern Caddo area. This investigation helps us better understand the nature of Caddo connections at the beginning of Cahokia's development and provides a means of identifying and interpreting new levels of social interactions between the Caddo world and Cahokia. The stylistic grammar results show that the majority of the Caddo-like vessels at Cahokia have identical stylistic grammar as vessels from the Caddo world. This strongly suggests that Caddo craft specialists migrated to, lived, and crafted their homeland vessels at Cahokia and thus were key social actors in its development.
{"title":"Understanding the Rise of Complexity at Cahokia: Evidence of Nonlocal Caddo Ceramic Specialists in the East St. Louis Precinct","authors":"Shawn P. Lambert, Paige A. Ford","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2023.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2023.28","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article investigates the rise of social complexity of Cahokia's multiethnic city through a robust stylistic grammar analysis of early Caddo fine ware vessels at Cahokia's East St. Louis Precinct. We explore ceramic production and distribution to shed light on whether Caddo-like fine wares were produced by Caddo potters who lived and crafted at Cahokia, were produced by local Cahokia potters who copied Caddo motifs, or were imported to Cahokia from the southern Caddo area. This investigation helps us better understand the nature of Caddo connections at the beginning of Cahokia's development and provides a means of identifying and interpreting new levels of social interactions between the Caddo world and Cahokia. The stylistic grammar results show that the majority of the Caddo-like vessels at Cahokia have identical stylistic grammar as vessels from the Caddo world. This strongly suggests that Caddo craft specialists migrated to, lived, and crafted their homeland vessels at Cahokia and thus were key social actors in its development.","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"88 1","pages":"361 - 385"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46171740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicholas Gala, S. Lycett, Michelle R. Bebber, M. Eren
Abstract For at least three million years, knapping stone has been practiced by hominin societies large and small, past and present. Thus, understanding knapping, knappers, and knapping cultures is fundamental to anthropological research around the world. Although there is a general sense that stone knapping is inherently dangerous and can lead to injury, little is formally, specifically, or systematically known about the frequency, location, or severity of knapping injuries. Toward this end, we conducted a 31-question survey of modern knappers to better understand knapping risks. Responses from 173 survey participants suggest that knapping injuries are a real and persistent hazard, even though a majority of modern knappers use personal protective equipment. A variety of injuries (lacerations, punctures, aches, etc.) can occur on nearly any part of the body. The severity of injury sustained by some of our participants is shocking, and nearly one-quarter of respondents reported having sought or received professional medical attention for a flintknapping-related injury. Overall, the results of this survey suggest that there would have likely been serious, even fatal, costs to knappers in past societies. Such costs may have encouraged the deployment of any social learning capacities possessed by hominins or delayed the learning or exposure of young infants or children to knapping.
{"title":"The Injury Costs of Knapping","authors":"Nicholas Gala, S. Lycett, Michelle R. Bebber, M. Eren","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2023.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2023.27","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract For at least three million years, knapping stone has been practiced by hominin societies large and small, past and present. Thus, understanding knapping, knappers, and knapping cultures is fundamental to anthropological research around the world. Although there is a general sense that stone knapping is inherently dangerous and can lead to injury, little is formally, specifically, or systematically known about the frequency, location, or severity of knapping injuries. Toward this end, we conducted a 31-question survey of modern knappers to better understand knapping risks. Responses from 173 survey participants suggest that knapping injuries are a real and persistent hazard, even though a majority of modern knappers use personal protective equipment. A variety of injuries (lacerations, punctures, aches, etc.) can occur on nearly any part of the body. The severity of injury sustained by some of our participants is shocking, and nearly one-quarter of respondents reported having sought or received professional medical attention for a flintknapping-related injury. Overall, the results of this survey suggest that there would have likely been serious, even fatal, costs to knappers in past societies. Such costs may have encouraged the deployment of any social learning capacities possessed by hominins or delayed the learning or exposure of young infants or children to knapping.","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"88 1","pages":"283 - 301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48350259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Girl Archaeologist: Sisterhood in a Sexist Profession. Alice Beck Kehoe. 2022. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln. xvii + 195 pp. $24.95 (paperback), ISBN 978-1-4962-2936-6. $24.95 (e-book, EPUB), ISBN 978-1-4962-3109-3. $24.95 (e-book, PDF), ISBN 978-1-4962-3110-9.","authors":"E. Chilton","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2023.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2023.23","url":null,"abstract":"a very","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"88 1","pages":"419 - 420"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43031424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Vikings hold incalculable complex legacies — in research, the popular imagination, misuses of the past, and, not least, the history books. In Children of Ash and Elm , Neil Price synthesizes decades of scholarship and reweaves a history of the Vikings with an anthropological goal: understanding these people in the past as they saw themselves. He acknowledges the complications of the term “ Viking
{"title":"Children of Ash and Elm: A History of the Vikings. Neil Price. 2020. Basic Books, New York. xvii + 599 pp. $35.00 (hardcover), ISBN 978-0-465-09698-5. $19.99 (paperback), ISBN 978-1-541-60111-6. $19.99 (e-book), ISBN 978-0-465-09699-2.","authors":"S. Knutson","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2023.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2023.32","url":null,"abstract":"The Vikings hold incalculable complex legacies — in research, the popular imagination, misuses of the past, and, not least, the history books. In Children of Ash and Elm , Neil Price synthesizes decades of scholarship and reweaves a history of the Vikings with an anthropological goal: understanding these people in the past as they saw themselves. He acknowledges the complications of the term “ Viking","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"88 1","pages":"422 - 423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48904950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Human behavioral ecology (HBE) has made significant contributions to archaeological research over the past several decades, but it has also been criticized for its often reductionist approach rooted in Western viewpoints, which can ignore (and have ignored) cultural contexts. This volume, edited by Heather B. Thakar and Carola Flores Fernandez
{"title":"Human Behavioral Ecology and Coastal Environments. Heather B. Thakar and Carola Flores Fernandez, editors. 2023. University Press of Florida, Gainesville. xviii + 275 pp. $85.00 (hardcover), ISBN 978-0-8130-6958-6.","authors":"Dylan S. Davis","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2023.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2023.31","url":null,"abstract":"Human behavioral ecology (HBE) has made significant contributions to archaeological research over the past several decades, but it has also been criticized for its often reductionist approach rooted in Western viewpoints, which can ignore (and have ignored) cultural contexts. This volume, edited by Heather B. Thakar and Carola Flores Fernandez","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47361413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Middle Atlantic Prehistory: Foundations and Practice. Heather A. Wholey and Carole L. Nash, editors. Rowman & Littlefield, Lanham, Maryland. 2018. vi + 396 pp. $39.00 (paperback, 2021), ISBN 978-1-5381-5849-4.
中大西洋史前史：基础与实践》。Heather A. Wholey 和 Carole L. Nash 编辑。Rowman & Littlefield, Lanham, Maryland.vi + 396 pp.39.00 美元（平装本，2021 年），ISBN 978-1-5381-5849-4。
{"title":"Middle Atlantic Prehistory: Foundations and Practice. Heather A. Wholey and Carole L. Nash, editors. Rowman & Littlefield, Lanham, Maryland. 2018. vi + 396 pp. $116.00 (hardcover, 2018), ISBN 978-1-4422-2875-7. $37.00 (e-book, 2018), ISBN 978-1-4422-2876-4. $39.00 (paperback, 2021), ISBN 978-1-5381-5849-4.","authors":"Madeleine Gunter-Bassett","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2023.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2023.11","url":null,"abstract":"Middle Atlantic Prehistory: Foundations and Practice. Heather A. Wholey and Carole L. Nash, editors. Rowman & Littlefield, Lanham, Maryland. 2018. vi + 396 pp. $39.00 (paperback, 2021), ISBN 978-1-5381-5849-4.","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135115598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Bioarchaeology of Urbanization: The Biological, Demographic, and Social Consequences of Living in Cities. Tracy K. Betsinger and Sharon N. DeWitte, editors. 2020. Springer, Cham, Switzerland. xix + 538 pp. $179.99 (paperback), ISBN 978-3-030-53419-6.
城市化的生物考古学：城市化的生物考古学：生活在城市中的生物、人口和社会后果》。Tracy K. Betsinger 和 Sharon N. DeWitte 编辑。2020.xix + 538 pp.179.99 美元（平装本），ISBN 978-3-030-53419-6。
{"title":"The Bioarchaeology of Urbanization: The Biological, Demographic, and Social Consequences of Living in Cities. Tracy K. Betsinger and Sharon N. DeWitte, editors. 2020. Springer, Cham, Switzerland. xix + 538 pp. $179.99 (hardcover), ISBN 978-3-030-53416-5. $139.00 (e-book), ISBN 978-3-030-53417-2. $179.99 (paperback), ISBN 978-3-030-53419-6.","authors":"Christina Torres","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2023.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2023.25","url":null,"abstract":"The Bioarchaeology of Urbanization: The Biological, Demographic, and Social Consequences of Living in Cities. Tracy K. Betsinger and Sharon N. DeWitte, editors. 2020. Springer, Cham, Switzerland. xix + 538 pp. $179.99 (paperback), ISBN 978-3-030-53419-6.","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135613472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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