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Philosophy, Design, and Performance of Oxy‐Fuel Furnaces 氧燃料炉的理念、设计和性能
4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2008-03-26 DOI: 10.1002/9780470294406.CH1
M. Gridley
When Ball-Foster was formed in September 1995, it had eight oxy-fuel furnaces in operation. There are currently nine oxy-fuel furnaces in operation with additional installations under consideration. Of the existing furnaces, six were designed to fire full oxy-fuel and three were retrofits: one end port, one side port and one electric. A practice in oxy-fuel furnace operations has been to compare notes on the evolution of design, performance and operation of these furnaces to obtain insight into future design.
当Ball-Foster于1995年9月成立时,它有8个全氧燃料炉在运行。目前有9个全氧燃料炉在运行,正在考虑安装更多的装置。在现有的熔炉中,有6个设计用于燃烧全氧燃料,3个是改造的:一个端口,一个侧口和一个电动。在全氧燃料炉的操作实践中,对这些炉的设计、性能和操作的演变进行了比较,以获得对未来设计的见解。
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引用次数: 2
Lithium in Ceramics 锂在陶瓷中的应用
4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2008-03-26 DOI: 10.1002/9780470294796.CH32
C. Merivale
The application of lithium in ceramics goes beyond its recognized properties of thermal stability, high fluxing capability and improved viscosity.
锂在陶瓷中的应用超越了其公认的热稳定性、高助熔性和提高粘度的特性。
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引用次数: 4
In‐Situ Testing of Superstructure Refractories 上层建筑耐火材料的现场测试
4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2008-03-26 DOI: 10.1002/9780470294406.CH2
D. Shamp
Almost all glass manufacturers--including Schuller--that have converted to oxy-fuel combustion have encountered superstructure refractory and flue refractory difficulties. Many problems have been encountered because of the higher vapor concentration in oxy-fuel melters that cause undesirable condensate species. Some testing laboratories have facilities for conducting tests on superstructure refractories by simulating the furnace atmosphere and temperature regime. Such tests provide an insight into what can be expected in the installation of a given refractory. However, the simulated atmosphere and the relatively short test period may not inspire confidence. Therefore, Schuller has experimented with in situ testing by placing refractory samples in peepholes, abandoned burner blocks and exhaust ports for relatively long periods of time to gain greater confidence in predicting refractory life for a given application. Furthermore, in situ testing places a refractory sample in close proximity to where it will be used, thus creating a true atmosphere and temperature regime for a given test. In situ testing is intended to determine the best service life for a given glass chemistry, or range of chemistries, that a particular furnace must produce during a campaign. This procedure is something that each operator can perform on any furnace to gain confidence in anymore » new product that a supplier might recommend for future refractory application. The procedure also can be used as head-to-head testing of refractory materials from different suppliers. Also, the material currently being used can be tested against a suggested new material. This article presents the test procedure used and some of the results obtained.« less
几乎所有的玻璃制造商,包括舒勒,都已经转换为全氧燃料燃烧,遇到了上部结构耐火和烟道耐火的困难。由于高蒸气浓度在全氧燃料熔体中造成了不期望的冷凝物,因此遇到了许多问题。有些测试实验室有通过模拟炉内气氛和温度状况对上层建筑耐火材料进行测试的设备。这样的测试提供了一个洞察什么可以预期在一个给定的耐火材料的安装。然而,模拟大气和相对较短的测试时间可能无法激发信心。因此,Schuller进行了原位测试实验,将耐火材料样品放置在窥视孔、废弃的燃烧器块和排气口中相对较长的时间,以获得对给定应用的耐火材料寿命预测的更大信心。此外,原位测试将耐火材料样品放置在将使用它的地方附近,从而为给定的测试创造真正的气氛和温度制度。现场测试旨在确定特定熔炉在生产过程中必须产生的特定玻璃化学物质或化学物质范围的最佳使用寿命。每个操作人员都可以在任何炉上执行此程序,以获得对供应商可能推荐的未来耐火材料应用的新产品的信心。该程序也可用于不同供应商耐火材料的头对头测试。此外,目前使用的材料可以与建议的新材料进行测试。本文介绍了所使用的测试程序和所获得的一些结果。«少
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引用次数: 0
Refractory ceramic Fibers Update 耐火陶瓷纤维最新进展
4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2008-03-26 DOI: 10.1002/9780470314616.CH31
T. Walters
An effective product stewardship program is the basis for cooperation between manufacturers of refractory ceramic fibers and EPA
有效的产品管理计划是耐火陶瓷纤维制造商与EPA合作的基础
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引用次数: 0
The colloidal nature of kaolinite 高岭石的胶体性质
4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2008-03-26 DOI: 10.1002/9780470294673.CH7
W. Carty
Understanding the colloidal nature of kaolinite is critical to developing a well-controlled, repeatable process.
了解高岭石的胶体性质对于开发控制良好、可重复的工艺至关重要。
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引用次数: 23
Basic Geology and Chemistry of Borate 硼酸盐基础地质与化学
4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2008-03-26 DOI: 10.1002/9780470294673.CH13
R. A. Smith
Few commercially important borate mineral deposits are known, and their genesis is associated with boron transport to the earth's surface in geothermal waters associated with volcanic activity. The chemistry and behavior of boron in earth geological processes important to the genesis of these commercial deposits are reviewed.
已知的具有重要商业价值的硼酸矿床很少,它们的成因与火山活动引起的地热水中硼向地表的运移有关。综述了硼在地球地质过程中的化学性质和行为,对这些商业矿床的成因具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 22
Stabilizing Distressed Glass Furnace Melter Crowns 稳定破碎玻璃炉熔冠
4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2008-03-26 DOI: 10.1002/9780470294406.CH14
Laura A. Lowe, J. F. Wosinski, G. Davis
Higher furnace temperatures and pull rates in glass-melting furnaces create difficult operating environments for furnace crowns made of traditional silica or AZS materials. To lessen the effects of accelerated wear, several hot-repairing methods have been used for attaining the planned campaign.
在玻璃熔炼炉中,较高的炉温和拉速为传统二氧化硅或AZS材料制成的炉冠创造了困难的操作环境。为了减少加速磨损的影响,采用了几种热修复方法来达到计划的运动。
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引用次数: 1
Acrylic Binders for Dry Pressing Ceramics 干压陶瓷用丙烯酸粘合剂
4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2008-03-26 DOI: 10.1002/9780470294420.CH45
X. K. Wu, D. Whitman, William L. Kaufell, W. Finch, D. I. Cumbers
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引用次数: 15
A Technical and Economic Assessment of Efforts to Advance Glass Melting Practices 推进玻璃熔融工艺的技术和经济评估
4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2008-03-26 DOI: 10.1002/9780470294772.CH5
C. Ross, G. Tincher
Business and technical leaders in the glass industry must develop a common view of the forces that will drive the industry in the future and increase cooperation on the highest priority challenges if glass is to survive as a vital industry of the future in the United States.
玻璃行业的商业和技术领导者必须对推动行业未来发展的力量形成共同的看法,如果玻璃要作为美国未来的重要行业生存下去,就必须在最优先的挑战上加强合作。
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引用次数: 3
Kiln Troubleshooting and the Fix 窑的故障排除和修复
4区 材料科学 Q4 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS Pub Date : 2008-03-26 DOI: 10.1002/9780470294420.CH5
L. E. Bauer
Qualified kiln specialists can diagnose problems with older, overworked kilns to provide greater throughput and higher-quality products.
合格的窑炉专家可以诊断出老旧、过度工作的窑炉的问题,以提供更高的产量和更高质量的产品。
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引用次数: 0
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American Ceramic Society Bulletin
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