Acta cardiologica. Supplementum最新文献

Plasma and apoprotein levels were assayed in 3 groups of newborns at 0, 7 and 30 days and analyzed as a function of the degree of fatty acid saturation of the diet. The levels of total and HDL cholesterol and the apo A-I, apo A-II and apo B proteins were quantitated in infants either breast-fed or given an adapted formula (I) with a P/S ratio close to that of mother's milk or a formula (II) enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids. The lipid apoprotein levels are very similar in breast-fed infants and in those receiving the adapted formula I after 7 and 30 days. The addition of PUFA to formula II, significantly affects the plasma lipids and apoproteins of the infants after one week and one month of feeding, as total HDL cholesterol, apo A-I and apo B are significantly lower than in breast-fed infants. The results of this study therefore indicate that lipid and apoprotein synthesis in newborns is sensitive to the degree of fatty acid saturation of the diet. Plasma lipoprotein concentrations at 7 and 30 days are dependent on the type of nutrition.

Notwithstanding the universally accepted concept that atherosclerosis is a multifactorial disease, our research since thirty years convinced us of the validity of the fat diet theory in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Experiments with semi-synthetic fats enable us to stress the importance of quantitatively and qualitatively modified fat diets, not only in their fatty acid composition, but also in the specific triglyceride structure. Experiences comparing randomized butterfat with natural butterfat and administration of polyunsaturated fatty acid rich fats with monoglycerides, led to comprehensive explanations about the mechanism of monoglyceride assimilation and about the beneficial effect of randomized butterfat in long term experiments.

Serum cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and the apoproteins A1 and B were determined in 20 males survivors of myocardial infarction and in 20 healthy age and sex matched controls. HDL-C, HDL-C/TC and apo B/apo A1 were significantly different between the two groups. In a multivariate statistical analysis 85% of all subjects were correctly classified by using the HDL-C/TC and the apo B/apo A1 ratio. This study indicates that the apoproteins quantification yield complementary information in discriminating young male myocardial infarct survivors from normal controls.

The aim of this study was to define the specific affinity of human apo A-I and apo A-II for HDL lipids and to investigate the possible transfer of apoproteins from the HDL molecule. For this purpose we incubated apo A-I -- lipid complexes prepared "in vitro", as well as human HDL with increasing amounts of isolated apo A-II. After incubation the reaction products were separated by gradient ultracentrifugation and gel chromatography. The apoproteins were quantitated separately by immunonephelometry and the apo A-I content was monitored by measuring the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence. These results suggest that apo A-II has a higher affinity than apo A-I for the lecithin-cholesterol vesicle and that 2 mol apo A-II are able to displace 1 mol apo A-I from the apo A-I lipid complexes. Analogous results were obtained with HDL where two mol apo A-II substitute to 1 mol apo A-I to yield en apo A-II - rich HDL with identical lipid composition, hydrodynamic properties and fluidity. Such a mechanism might contribute to the regulation of the HDL2 in equilibrium with HDL3 distribution in plasma.