Archivio italiano di anatomia e di embriologia. Italian journal of anatomy and embryology最新文献

During an angiographic research carried out over more than 1100 cases, some connections between the phrenic arteries and the arteries of the hepatic, superior mesenteric and renal districts were observed. The AA. point out the presence of these connections even of thin calibre, their right prevalence (71%), and their uncertain embryologic origin.

Cellular aggregates called embryoid bodies (EB) have been obtained from the experimental teratocarcinoma (TC) 0TT6050. Two morphological types of EB can be differentiated, which are injected subcutaneously into isogenic 129/Sv mice. The tumors are collected 20 and 30 days after EB injection and processed histologically, and immunohistochemically with anti-alpha-fetoprotein (alpha-FP) antibodies. Our results indicate that the histological pattern of the tumors is related to the degree of morphological organization of the EB used.

In this research, the structural modifications with ageing of clinically healthy periodontal tissues were analyzed by means of polarization microscopy and morphometrical methods for light microscopy. The new findings may be summarized as follows. The periodontal ligament was found to be widened in the cervical and apical regions. The thickening of cementum with ageing was shown to be accompanied by a modification in the shape of Sharpey's fibres, which in the elderlies were wavy instead of straight as in the control. Lamellar bone, forming an osteone, was found to substitute in part for cementum in one tooth. These results are interpreted as indicating that: (1) late active eruption occurs in man, causing the observed modification in the thickness of periodontal ligament and cementum in the apical region and in the direction of Sharpey's fibres within cementum; (2) cementum may undergo renewal during lifetime and in this case bone may be deposited in contact with dentin.

The diaphragma of 4 "Myrmecophaga tridactyla" was described. The diaphragma follows the general pattern of EDENTATA, but it has special features which make it possible to differentiate it from that of "Bradypus tridactylus.

The histological and histochemical aspects of the integument have been described and discussed during the intermoult period of Ocypoda platytarsis. Histological observations revealed that the cuticle comprises of four layers namely epicuticle, exocuticle, endocuticle and membranous layers. Various types of cells in the subepidermal tissue have also been elucidated.

The development of the pars membranacea septi interventricularis of the human heart, from the closure of the secondary interventricular foramen to the end of the fetal age, presents two phases well separated by a period of transition between the 119 mm long (CR) fetus, corresponding to 15.1 weeks, and the 149 mm long (CR) fetus, corresponding to 17.1 weeks. In the I phase, 78% the fixed connective cells and 22% of the amorphous fundamental substance were replaced by bundles of collagen fibers. In the II phase, 75% of the amorphous fundamental substance and 25% of the fixed connective cells were replaced by bundles of collagen fibers.

Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging was used to examine the hematopoietic bone marrow in the vertebral bodies of eight healthy subjects, and of 35 cancer patients who had been previously treated with radiation therapy. MR was instrumental in distinguishing viable hematopoietic tissue (red marrow) from adipose tissue (yellow marrow), whose presence reflected the extent of radiation-induced bone marrow injury. Different water content in proliferating hematopoietic tissue and adipose tissue enabled clear distinction of the two components even inside the same vertebral body. Three patterns of bone marrow viability were observed in irradiated patients: 1. Patients undergoing therapy at the time of MR study, and patients who had received low-intermediate dose several years before MR examination showed no alteration as compared with healthy controls (i.e. homogeneous presence of red marrow). 2. Patients who had received low-intermediate dose few years before MR, showed either partial re-colonization of yellow marrow or almost complete ablation of active red marrow with rare areas of re-colonization. 3. Patients who had received high dose, showed complete depletion of red marrow (fatty substitution) independently of the length of time elapsed since radiation therapy. Therefore, bone marrow recovery after radiation therapy was associate with two variables: received dose and length of time allowed for re-colonization by surviving hematopoietic tissue. In conclusion, our results provide evidence that MR can be purposively used to study composition and distribution of normal bone marrow, and to asses the extent of radiation-induced bone marrow injury; to monitor bone marrow recovery (or the lack of it); and in the general follow-up of treated cancer patients.

With the purpose of demonstrating the presence of different types of cells in the syncytial and cytotrophoblast of the human placenta, a new technique of cell isolation was performed by utilizing a light enzymatic digestion and a separation on density gradients. Normal human placentas of the first trimester of pregnancy have been studied. After an accurate and light washing in saline and anticoagulant substances, whole villi have been incubated in a trypsin solution for various periods of time at 40 degrees C in a thermostatic stirrer. Detached cells have been collected, rinsed and separated by means of different density gradients of Percoll (d = 1.038 and 1.080). Three cellular layers have been collected and processed for the studies at light and electron microscopy. The first layer was mostly composed by multinucleated elements with a morphological pattern closely related to the histological characteristics of the syncytiotrophoblast; the second fraction was composed by mononucleated elements with the structural findings of the Langhans' cells; the third layer was represented almost exclusively by blood cells. The obtained results demonstrated the high utility and accuracy of the suggested method of cell isolation.