Archivos de investigacion medica最新文献

Cryptosporidium sp was searched prospectively by means of the Ziehl-Nielsen acid fast staining of stools in 403 samples obtained from patients with diarrhea (n =/152) or other non-gastrointestinal diseases (n =/152) in a six month period. Cryptosporidium was present in 11/304 samples (3.6%), 9 (81%) were taken from patients with diarrhea. Oocysts were detected in 5% of stools form malnourished (II or III) children with diarrhea; 10/11 (91%) with positive-cryptosporidium stools occurred in children less than one year of age. Cryptosporidium was present with increased frequency in malnourished children with diarrhea (p < 0.05).

1. An experimental model system was developed in the rabbit to study the transport of iron and the erythropoietic response to chronic bloodletting. 2. This model presents certain novel features as the capacity to measure total red blood cell production and total hemoglobin production in a daily basis. 3. Daily red blood cell production and output of hemoglobin are directly proportional to the volume of blood extracted. The limits of the erythropoietic response were determined. 4. When only minimal bloodletting was performed (3-6 ml blood/kg body weight) a normocytic response was obtained; with the removal of larger volumes of blood, a switch to macrocytic anemia was observed. Cats and guinea pigs responded in a similar fashion. 5. After induction of macrocytic anemia, the diameter of erythroid precursor cells in the bone marrow of the long bones increased and their numbers increased 11.5-fold.

The acidified fetal bovine serum (FBS) produces a factor which inhibits the adipose differentiation of murine fibroblasts 3T3-F442A. In this work, we studied if the inhibitory factor (IF) has any effect on the proliferation of 3T3-F442A cells. Our data showed an increment in the number of cells cultured in the presence of IF. We do not know how the IF maintains the cell proliferation. Furthermore, we investigated if IF acts on the resting state (Go) of the 3T3-F442A. We found that the IF prevented the adipose differentiation in the state (Go), this data suggests that the 3T3-F442A in this state (Go) were not yet compromised to difference to adipocytes. We also showed that bovine serum (BS) had an inhibitory activity too, but this was lower than FBS. This report suggests that the IF may play a role during the development of the adipose tissue.

Rabbit erythropoiesis was studied during recovery from chronic anaemia induced by bleeding. Adult rabbits were made anaemic by daily removal of 10 ml of blood per Kg of body weight, through intracardiac puncture, resulting in a significant stimulation of erythropoiesis. After 14 days, bleeding was stopped and the erythropoietic response was studied during the period of recovery. Peripheral blood and bone marrow were analysed for the two weeks following the last bleeding. While levels of red blood cells and haemoglobin returned to normal values by day 6 of recovery, bone marrow erythroblasts decreased gradually until they reached the normal range by day 11. Once bleeding was stopped, there was a significant decrease in the number of circulating reticulocytes, with a concomitant increase in the number of their marrow counterpart. This suggests that release of reticulocytes from bone marrow into the circulation was temporarily blocked. There was also a rapid shift towards normocytic production and the disappearance of macrocytosis. Non-erythroid cells responded very rapidly during recovery, reaching normal values in both peripheral blood and bone marrow 3 days after the last bleeding. Our results show that under the experimental conditions described here, (i) the rabbit haemopoietic system is able to respond to dramatically different physiological stages, and (ii) since the kinetics of most parameters during the period of recovery, both in peripheral blood and bone marrow, were different from those observed during the induction of anaemia, it is possible that the mechanisms operating under both conditions are different.

The technique used by our group for the extraction of the canine autoperfused heart-lung block is described. This was used in 30 dogs, having a success rate of 24 total extractions and function times from 30 minutes to 13 hours." The complications observed were: arterial rupture upon cannulation, aortic rupture upon binding, ventricular fibrillation before completing extraction, and bleeding of the block with subsequent emptying of the reservoir. It is concluded that the technique described is adequate for the extraction of the canine block, although it is still necessary to know better its hemodynamic, biochemical and respiratory behavior.

To find out if a second dose of O. streptacantha may enhance its hypoglycemic effect, three tests were performed in fasting condition to 8 type II diabetic subjects and 6 healthy individuals. The tests were as follows: A. 500 g of broiled stems of O. streptacantha were given orally initially and two hours later. B. Only the initial dose. C. Control test with water. Serum glucose and C peptide were measured every two hours from 0 to 6 hours. In diabetic patients a significant (P < 0.01 vs control) decrease of serum glucose reaching from 41 to 46% less than initial value, was noticed in tests A and B, without differences between them. C peptide did not change. In healthy subjects serum glucose and C peptide did not significantly differ between tests. A second dose of O. streptacantha, two hours after the first one, did not improve its hypoglycemic activity.

An eleven year old boy was referred because of sudden loss of consciousness, muscular weakness, poor general health, severe hypoglycemia with seizures and hepatomegaly. Response to oral glucose and galactose increased blood lactic acid and glucose at different times. Fasting values of blood lactic was normal, but glucose was found at 33 mg/dl. Similar test made up two hours after feeding revealed hyperlactatemia (35-50 mg/dL) and hyperglycemia (129 mg/dL). Glucagon did not result in a rise of glucose at fasting or feeding. Hepatic glycogen content was found 15 gm/100 mg of tissue. The enzyme activities revealed a deficiency of the liver debranching enzyme while leukocytes had normal enzyme activity. Hepatic biopsy showed liver fibrosis. The present case had the clinical characteristics of severe form of glycogen storage disease. A low carbohydrate and high protein diet was indicated in order to increase the gluconeogenic precursors. Although debranching enzyme deficiency is almost always benign a high carbohydrate diet induced a more severe expression of the disease.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the metabolic control of the type I diabetic patients seen from 1984 to 1988. We analyzed the results of HbA1, height velocity and weight gain. Results showed that from 1984 1985 a 90% of diabetics were in poor metabolic control with HbA1 > 11% (good control < 11%). For 1988 the percentage of poor controlled patients descended to 78%. On the other hand, these patients observed a significant decrease in height velocity and weight gain compared with diabetics with HbA1 < 11% (p < 0.005 and p < 0.001). In addition, diabetics in poor metabolic control were under 10 and 3 number percentiles of the weight and growth diagrams. Finally, we found a significant correlation between HbA1 and height velocity as well as HbA1 and weight gain (r = -0.77 and r = -0.79; p < 0.001 for both). Our results showed that a great percent of our patients were in poor metabolic control with a decreased height velocity and weight gain.

Seroepidemiologic and clinical studies of amoebiasis require improved methods for the detection and titration of anti-Entamoeba histolytica (Eh) trophozoite antibodies. We have developed a Dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Dot-ELISA) to titrate anti-Eh antibodies in human serum and colostrum. The anti-Eh serum IgG antibody titers from healthy individuals and from patients with amoebic liver abscess obtained, with our Dot-ELISA were similar to those obtained with a standard ELISA, but the background values were lower. Significant anti-Eh sIgA antibody titers were found in seven out of 42 colostrum samples of mothers of newborn children with diarrhea. Our Dot-ELISA is rapid, inexpensive, and might be used for the diagnosis of individuals and in seroepidemiologic studies of amoebiasis.