This research was performed under Task AM-A-7l..PSY -21. Abstract Subjects were exposed to four simulated "indoor" sonic booms over an approximate thirty-minute period. The overpressure levels were 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 psf (as measured ''outdoors") with durations of 295 milliseconds. Subjects performed a two-dimensional compensatory tracking task during the exposure period and continuous recordings were obtained of heart rate and skin conductance. No evidence of performance impairment was found for any of the overpressure levels. Rather, performance improved significantly following boom stimulation along with heart-rate deceleration and skin conductance increase. The obtained pattern suggests that the simulated booms may have elicited more of an orienting or alerting response than a startle reflex. The results are discussed in terms of the of rise time as a determinant of the physiological and performance effects which may be produced by sonic booms.
{"title":"Effects of simulated sonic booms on tracking performance and autonomic response.","authors":"R. M. Thackray RI TOUCHSTONE, K. Jones","doi":"10.1037/e509622009-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/e509622009-001","url":null,"abstract":"This research was performed under Task AM-A-7l..PSY -21. Abstract Subjects were exposed to four simulated \"indoor\" sonic booms over an approximate thirty-minute period. The overpressure levels were 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 psf (as measured ''outdoors\") with durations of 295 milliseconds. Subjects performed a two-dimensional compensatory tracking task during the exposure period and continuous recordings were obtained of heart rate and skin conductance. No evidence of performance impairment was found for any of the overpressure levels. Rather, performance improved significantly following boom stimulation along with heart-rate deceleration and skin conductance increase. The obtained pattern suggests that the simulated booms may have elicited more of an orienting or alerting response than a startle reflex. The results are discussed in terms of the of rise time as a determinant of the physiological and performance effects which may be produced by sonic booms.","PeriodicalId":7565,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace medicine","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86051544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P REVIOUS RESEARCH HAS conclusively demon strated that a substantial negative relationship ex ists between an individual's chronological age at entry into Air Traffic Control Specialist ( ATCS) training with the Federal .Aviation Agency (FAA) and subse quent performance in training and on the job. It has also been shown that chronological age at entry into ATCS training is related to performance on aptitude The present investigation represents an exploration of the interaction of training-entry age of Air Traffic Control Specialists with their intellectual and person ality characteristics as assessed by paper-and-pencil tests at the time of entry into training. Particular em phasis has been placed upon the identification of de crements in specific aptitudes, or cognitive abilities,· which may predispose the older trainees to less effec tive training and job performance. In order to present a more meaningful description of the various aptitude tests administered to over 900 Enroute and Terminal ATC trainees, the contents of the tests were examined and matched with the cogni tive faci:or areas described by French 4 and French, Ekstrom and Price. 5 Although some tests could not be matched and others were obviously poor measures of the factor area to which assigned, it was felt· that the results might have more usefulness and meaning for other investigators if reported in this frame of refer ence. In addition, the literature on aging, as represented, for example, by Dennis' survey 3 and the study of Glanzer, Glaser, and Richlin, 6 was utilized to predict the direction of the relationships expected to obtain between the cognitive factor areas and age. Predic tions could not be made for all factors and, for some, examination of the tests assigned to the factor areas suggested that different relationships might occur with-From
先前的研究已经明确地表明，个人在参加联邦航空局(FAA)的空中交通管制专家(ATCS)培训时的实际年龄与随后在培训和工作中的表现之间存在实质性的负相关关系。研究还表明，空管人员参加空管培训时的实际年龄与能力倾向表现有关。本研究旨在探索空管人员参加培训时的培训入职年龄与他们的智力和人格特征之间的相互作用，这些特征是通过纸笔测试评估的。特别强调的是识别特定能力或认知能力的缺陷，这可能使老年受训者倾向于较低效率的培训和工作表现。为了更有意义地描述对900多名空中交通管制和终端机学员进行的各种能力倾向测试，对测试的内容进行了检查，并将其与French 4和French、Ekstrom和Price描述的认知面或区域相匹配。5尽管有些测试无法匹配，而其他测试显然不能很好地衡量所分配的因素区域。有人认为，如果在这一参考框架中报告，结果可能对其他研究者更有用和有意义。此外，利用Dennis' survey 3和Glanzer, Glaser, and Richlin, 6等关于衰老的文献来预测预期得到的认知因素区域与年龄之间的关系方向。不可能对所有因素作出预测，对分配给因素领域的测试进行的检查表明，与- from之间可能存在不同的关系
{"title":"PROBLEMS IN AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT. VI. INTERACTION OF TRAINING-ENTRY AGE WITH INTELLECTUAL AND PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SPECIALISTS.","authors":"David, Trites","doi":"10.1037/e735792011-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/e735792011-001","url":null,"abstract":"P REVIOUS RESEARCH HAS conclusively demon strated that a substantial negative relationship ex ists between an individual's chronological age at entry into Air Traffic Control Specialist ( ATCS) training with the Federal .Aviation Agency (FAA) and subse quent performance in training and on the job. It has also been shown that chronological age at entry into ATCS training is related to performance on aptitude The present investigation represents an exploration of the interaction of training-entry age of Air Traffic Control Specialists with their intellectual and person ality characteristics as assessed by paper-and-pencil tests at the time of entry into training. Particular em phasis has been placed upon the identification of de crements in specific aptitudes, or cognitive abilities,· which may predispose the older trainees to less effec tive training and job performance. In order to present a more meaningful description of the various aptitude tests administered to over 900 Enroute and Terminal ATC trainees, the contents of the tests were examined and matched with the cogni tive faci:or areas described by French 4 and French, Ekstrom and Price. 5 Although some tests could not be matched and others were obviously poor measures of the factor area to which assigned, it was felt· that the results might have more usefulness and meaning for other investigators if reported in this frame of refer ence. In addition, the literature on aging, as represented, for example, by Dennis' survey 3 and the study of Glanzer, Glaser, and Richlin, 6 was utilized to predict the direction of the relationships expected to obtain between the cognitive factor areas and age. Predic tions could not be made for all factors and, for some, examination of the tests assigned to the factor areas suggested that different relationships might occur with-From","PeriodicalId":7565,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76640262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1975-07-01DOI: 10.1097/00006534-197507000-00046
R. Carolla, L. Brubaker, C. E. Mengel
{"title":"Age of red blood cells destroyed by in vivo hyperoxia.","authors":"R. Carolla, L. Brubaker, C. E. Mengel","doi":"10.1097/00006534-197507000-00046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00006534-197507000-00046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7565,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":"1273-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1975-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76593341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Management of malaria exposure among aircrew members. I. Etiology.","authors":"A Johnson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7565,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace medicine","volume":"45 11","pages":"1303-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15711391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of chronic exposure to cold, hypoxia, and both combined on water exchange in rats.","authors":"M J Fregly, L O Lutherer, P E Tyler","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7565,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace medicine","volume":"45 11","pages":"1223-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15530757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L F Wailly, M F Schneider, J F Janni, A D Grimm, G C Ainsworth
{"title":"Passive dosimetry measurements on board the Skylab II mission.","authors":"L F Wailly, M F Schneider, J F Janni, A D Grimm, G C Ainsworth","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7565,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace medicine","volume":"45 11","pages":"1237-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15530758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recovery parameters following underwater exercise.","authors":"G Crittenden, J F Morlock, T O Moore","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7565,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace medicine","volume":"45 11","pages":"1255-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15530759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Psychiatric interventions with amnesic aircraft accident survivors.","authors":"P B Hoffman, A M Faris","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7565,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace medicine","volume":"45 11","pages":"1286-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15530764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of a prolonged stay in a locked environment on the microbial flora in dogs.","authors":"E Balish, C N Shih, C E Yale, A D Mandel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7565,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace medicine","volume":"45 11","pages":"1248-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15711389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unique facets of the specialty of aerospace medicine.","authors":"R Moser, J C Davis, R D Hansen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7565,"journal":{"name":"Aerospace medicine","volume":"45 11","pages":"1281-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15530763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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