Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry最新文献

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Inhibiting mitosis is the most effective clinical technique for cancer treatment. In this investigation, copper-nickel oxide nanoparticles synthesized by electrochemical synthesis and analysed by UV-visible spectrophotometer (UV 1800 Shimadzu), a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR Affinity 1 Shimadzu), a thermogravimetric analyser (TGA 50 Thermoanalyzer Shimadzu), a high-end X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and transmission electron microscopy elected area electron diffraction (TEM-SAED) techniques. The calcinated copper nickel oxide nanoparticles were used successfully as a catalyst to synthesis of 2-(2-substituted-4-oxothiazolidin-3-yl)-1,9-dihydro-purin-6-ones. The title compounds were characterized by melting point, IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and LC-HRMS/MS spectroscopy. Using Sulforhodamine B (SRB) test, all newly synthesized compounds were evaluated in vitro for anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and angiogenesis activities. The compounds GB-6, GB-8, GB-10 exhibited significant in vitro anti-inflammatory activityin the range of IC₅₀:179.65-194.59 μg/ml as compared with aceclofenac (IC₅₀: 191.19 μg/mL) and the antioxidant activity by DPPH radical scavenging assay the compounds GB-6 (IC₅₀: 11.96 μg/mL), GB-8 (IC₅₀:10.67 μg/mL) and GB-10 (IC₅₀: 9.08 μg/mL) exhibited excellent radical scavenging activities compared to ascorbic acid (IC₅₀:13.04 μg/mL) and by the KMnO₄ radical scavenging assay the compounds GB-2 (IC₅₀: 15.33 μg/mL), GB-4 (IC₅₀: 23.60 μg/mL), GB-8 (IC₅₀: 24.93 μg/mL), GB-10 (IC₅₀: 24.96 μg/mL) exhibited good radical scavenging activities compared to ascorbic acid (IC₅₀: 26.55 μg/mL). Further development of anticancer drugs may be enabled by the discovery of related compounds to the anticancer agent, such as compound (GB-6), compound (GB-8), and compound (GB-10) as polo-like kinase 1 inhibitors.

The preparation of copper-carbon composites using functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), fullerene black (FB) and N-containing soot prepared by carbonization of aniline-formaldehyde polymer (AFS) is described. The composite structure was studied by X-ray diffraction analysis, Electron spectroscopy and Energy-dispersive spectroscopy microanalysis. The influence of the nature of the carbon materials on the formation of copper micro- and nanoparticles prepared by a chemical reduction in their presence has been established. The resulting copper-carbon composites were used as electrocatalysts in the electrohydrogenation of nitrobenzene. The MWCNTs and AFS composites with a ratio to copper of 1 : 1, as well as composites with a mixed carbon base, showed electrocatalytic activity with an increase in the rate of hydrogenation of nitrobenzene compared to its electrochemical reduction on a non-activated copper cathode. It is assumed that due to the strong interaction of copper particles with the FB, its electrocatalytic activity was depressed. The nitrobenzene hydrogenation on all composites is accompanied by the formation of the main product aniline, as would be expected when the process is carried out in an alkaline environment and high voltages in the system. According to chromatographic analyses, the aniline yields were 98-99%.

The detrimental effect of untreated textile effluents on environment especially water quality is a major concern in current scenario. The development of ecofriendly adsorbents for water treatment is a major fascinating and challenging area which has gained huge impetus in recent years. The present study aims to synthesize novel Sterculia gum (SG) crosslinked electric responsive hydrogel and further studies, to investigate its efficiency for enrichment of toxic cationic dyes, methylene blue (MB), crystal violet (CV), and malachite green (MG). The novel SG-g-PNIPAM/PAAm/PANI hydrogel matrix was fabricated through graft copolymerization using dual vinylic monomers and in-situ incorporation of aniline within the polymer matrix and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrical conductivity was measured using four-probe technique. The impact of reaction parameters on dye enrichment such as contact time, pH, and temperature was assessed. The dye adsorption capacity through hydrogel matrix followed Temkin isotherm model, Ho pseudo second order kinetics, and multistep Weber and Morris intraparticle diffusion. The adsorption capacity (adsorption efficiency) of the synthesized hydrogel matrix was ascertained as 17.413 (85.07%), 17.985 (88.93%), and 16.703 mg/g (83.17%) for MB, MG and CV, respectively. This matrix proved highly efficient adsorbent for dye enrichment studies.

In the present study, the adsorption capacities of natural activated clay (bentonite) and Na-form of heat-treated bentonite for copper and cobalt ions from sewage at 20–65°C temperature range were examined and compared. The modification of the natural clay was performed by treatment with hydrochloric acid and subsequent neutralization of the resultant solution by sodium hydroxide. The morphology and structural properties of Natural and Na-form of heat-treated bentonite were investigated by XRD, SEM, and FTIR. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of both natural and Na-form heat-treated bentonite at various temperatures were determined samples. XRD showed, there is the montmorillonite in studied bentonite and modified bentonite samples. SEM analysis indicated the montmorillonite is formed in format of large and small bowls and leaf shape in 2 samples. The study showed that increasing the temperature results in the increase of the adsorption efficiency of the adsorbents because swelling and dehydration are reduced. Also, the adsorption efficiency of bentonite samples for the Cu²⁺ ions was greater than Co²⁺ ions in all the examined solution concentration and temperatures. Na modified bentonite had higher equilibrium distribution coefficient, gross capacity values, and metal ion adsorption selectivity.

Pyrolytic fuel and pyrolytic carbon black are obtained as two major products from the pyrolysis of scrap tires. Pyrolytic carbon black, which contains high ash and carbonaceous residues, cannot be used like commercial carbon blacks in polymer industry. In this study, not only ash removal but also carbonaceous residues were extracted with solvent to obtain high grade pyrolytic carbon black, which is close to commercial carbon black. Extraction efficiency and surface activity were significantly improved by adding oxidizing agents as well as wetting and dispersive, chelating and complexing additives in the acid stage. More sulfur and SiO₂ were removed with the surfactant added in the basic stage. The properties of refined pyrolytic carbon black reached levels close to commercial carbon black N330. The zinc-rich metal solution obtained in the acidic method contains micro- and macro-nutrients, which are important fertilizers for plants. In addition, SiO₂ obtained in the basic phase is a good filler in polymer industry.

The incorporation of rare-earth metals beneficially influences the microstructure, mechanical properties, and overall performance of base alloys by forming modifying and strengthening intermetallic phases. This investigation focuses on the production of Al₃Er master alloy using “hydride technology,” involving the preliminary hydrogenation of erbium and mechanical processing of starting components. The study demonstrates the impact of pre-mechanical treatment of an Al–Er powder mixture on the structure and properties of Al₃Er master alloy. The master alloy obtained with pre-mechanical processing exhibits a homogeneous structure comprising an aluminium matrix with evenly dispersed Al₃Er inclusions. Thin interlayers of dispersed eutectics, enriched with approximately 20–25 wt % erbium, are observed along the boundaries of the Al solid solution. Structural analysis of Al₃Er master alloy using the Rietveld method revealed two metallic phases: aluminium solid solutions (~95.14%) and the intermetallic compound Al₃Er (~4.86%). With machining, the average Vickers microhardness value of regions predominantly composed of Al₃Er was (92.4 ± 8.0) HV, reaching a maximum of (105 ± 8.0) HV. In contrast, the average microhardness value of the master alloy obtained without machining in these areas was (68.4 ± 8.0) HV.

This study introduces an innovative passivation technique designed to improve the corrosion resistance of zinc coatings. The impact of varying sodium silicate concentrations (4, 6, and 8 mL/L) and passivation times (30–90 s) was examined in baths containing Cr⁺³ and Co⁺³ ions. The 120-h salt spray test results revealed that the optimal corrosion resistance was achieved with a medium sodium silicate concentration of 6 mL/L and a 30-s passivation time. This combination led to a significant improvement in performance, with only 12% white rust observed after 120 h. The study highlights the importance of optimizing treatment parameters to significantly enhance corrosion resistance. Notably, Simonkolleit was obtained at a high concentration of 6 mL/L and a 30-s passivation time, further contributing to the enhanced durability of the coating. These surface enhancements provide a promising approach for achieving durable and more efficient zinc coatings in industrial applications.

A straightforward approach for synthesizing graphene-metal oxide hybrid materials suitable for coating stainless steel sheets in supercapacitors is presented. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles with an average particle size of 84.45 ± 15.83 nm were deposited onto reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets to impart pseudocapacitance. Carbon source from sweet potato ash (CSP), carbonized using concentrated sulfuric acid treatment, exhibited remarkable electric double-layer capacitance. Coating stainless steel electrodes with 60% CSP and 40% ZnO/rGO mixture with a thickness of approximately 500 µm yielded an excellent specific capacitance of 323.12 F g^–1 at a current density of 2 A g^–1 and cyclic stability with a retention rate of 91.84% after 3000 charging-discharging cycles. This approach offers a new cost-effective means of enhancing supercapacitor capacitance.

In recent years, bio-based polymeric materials have attracted increased attention due to their renewability and environmental friendliness. Polylactic acid (PLA), a biodegradable bio polyester, has emerged as the dominant polymer in industrial applications and is often referred to as the “polymer of the 21st century.” It possesses biocompatibility, biodegradability, and a biobased nature, making it unique among polymers synthesized on a large scale. PLA, a non-toxic linear aliphatic thermoplastic polyester, exhibits favorable thermomechanical properties and finds widespread use in various fields, including biomedical applications, the food industry, air and water filtration, and sensors. Nanofibers are most attractive materials in the scientific world due to their enormous applications in various fields. Electrospun membranes have been showed high porosity and high specific surface, as well as tunable mechanical properties and topological features. This review focuses on recent developments, current findings, and emerging trends in the field of PLA-based nanofibers, highlighting advancements in PLA properties and providing detailed insights into the preparation and diverse applications of nanofibers based on PLA.