Hellenika stomatologika chronika. Hellenic stomatological annals最新文献

In 1976 Goldman M. and Kronman J. reported on the effects of a N-monochloro-DL-2 aminobutyrate (NMAB) solution used as a caries removal agent. Since that time various studies demonstrated the safety and clinical acceptability of the solution. No adverse side effects have been reported for NMAB. NMAB is formed in aqueous solution through the reaction of two separate components supplied as Caridex solution I (dilute DL-2-aminobutyric acid) and II (sodium hypochloride in weak alkaline solution). The Caridex delivery system includes a pump, a heater, a solution reservoir and a handpiece to hold the applicator tip. The Caridex is based on the softening effect of NMAB, when it is applied continuously with the applicator tip to carious lesions. In addition to the Caridex rotary instruments and other devices ordinarily used for cavity preparation are used as required Caridex reduce patient pain and anxiety but also has limitations. It cannot totally replace the conventional methods of caries removal and cavity preparation. It can be used on a supplementary method for caries removal, also it is necessary to balance a some what longer treatment time against its advantages.

The dystrophic recessive type of epidermolysis bullosa affects the oral mucosa. Bullae which eventually rupture leaving painful ulcerations and finally lead to scarring usually appear on the tongue, cheek, lips and gingiva. A case of recessive dystrophic polydysplastic epidermolysis bullosa with oral manifestations in a female 23 years old is described in this paper. The patient had all the clinical characteristics of the disease.

A recording of dental education and oral hygiene practices of 506 adults attending the clinics of Preventive Dentistry and Periodontics of the University of Thessaloniki, by answering a questionnaire, has been attempted. The answers were treated statistically using the chi 2 test according to sex, age and educational status. It appears that 49% of men and 27% of women do not brush their teeth daily (7% of men never do), while age, sex and education are significant parameters of most dental practices examined. Only 24% have been shown brushing technique by a dentist, whilst toothbrush selection is mainly based on advertisement or non-professional advice. Although about 84% of the dentifrices sold in Thessaloniki contain fluoride, only 20% of this sample were aware of its usefulness. The results call for urging the public to higher dental education and motivation to practicing oral hygiene procedures.

The transmission of HIV infection through contaminated blood and blood products is of a great concern to the medical and dental community and household contacts. The available data support the concept that the risk of causal nosocomial transmission of HIV following needlestick or mucous membranes injuries is extremely low (0.44%). On the other hand no dental professionals, not belonging to any AIDS-high risk group, have showed HIV-antibodies. However, recently one New York dentist, who treated high risk individuals and did not use barrier techniques was found to be HIV antibody positive. Despite of the fact that the risk of causal transmission of HIV is low, appropriate barrier techniques must be used to prevent such transmission. Various studies indicate that household contacts who are not sexual partner of patients with AIDS are at minimal or no risk for horizontal transmission of HIV-infection.

The giant cell granulomas of jaws is one of the most interesting subjects of the oral surgery not only of their elective development in the jaws but also of their atypical clinical and radiographic pictures. The elements that raised doubts and discussions about the giant cell granulomas of jaws are: a) the numerous theories about their histogenesis and b) the suggestions of some authors that they are tumours quite similar to the giant cell tumours because of their neoplastic behaviour. In the treatment of 34 selected cases of giant cell granulomas of jaws in patients aged 1-70 years old we discussed our experience concerning the clinical behaviour and the x-rays picture. The treatment must be prudent conservative as well as prudent radical.

In seven individuals without dental caries, thirteen with low degree caries (LDC) experience and twelve with high degree (HDC) were determined the mean levels of the serum's IgA, IgG and IgG/IgA and also the IgA of the saliva. In the group without dental caries the levels of IgG, IgA and IgG/IgA were higher than in the two other groups. The differences were not significant (p greater than 0.1) except the mean level of IgG (19.47 +/- 1.66) where it was significantly higher (p less than 0.05) in the group without dental caries (14.6 +/- 1.1). A reverse change of the immunoglobulins' levels were observed in relation to the dental caries degree (p greater than 0.1). In group LDC with dental alloy the ratio of IgG/IgA (4.69 +/- 0.39) were significantly lower (p less than 0.05) than in the LDCs without prosthesis (7.42 +/- 0.92). Also in the group HDC with prosthesis the IgA levels (3.17 +/- 0.15) were significantly higher (p less than 0.01) than in the HDCs without prosthesis (2.06 +/- 0.25). The estimation of immunoglobulins were made with radial immunodiffusion. The dental caries degree was characterized by the caries area of the existed teeth. The differentiation of the immunoglobulins' mean levels in relation to the degree of dental caries and the preexisting of dental alloy is discussed.

A two year prospective evaluation of the use of nonresorbable, hydroxylapatite to augment deficient alveolar ridges was performed. Implants were delivered subperosteally, usually using local or general anesthesia. The resultant stable, soft tissue base and improved ridge height and contour have contributed to a comfortable, retentive, stable denture for these patients.

Mixed alloys for dental amalgams have been used mainly in the form of admixed alloys, where eutectic spheres are blend with conventional flakes. In the present study the compressive strength, bend strength and microstructure of two high-copper alloys (Tytin, Ana-2000) is compared with three experimental alloys prepared of the two high copper by mixing them in proportions of 3:1, 1:1 and 1:3 by weight. The results revealed that experimental alloys inherited high early and final strength values without any significant change in their microstructure.

Antibiotics' level was estimated in mandible and serum of wistar albino rats with and without co-administration of phenylbutazone, 5 groups of animals were used. The animals of group A were injected with 1 g/kg ampicillin and these of group B 1g/kg ampicillin and 100 mg/kg phenylbutazone im. To the animals of group C cephapirin was given 1 g/kg and these of group D 1g/kg cephapirin with 100 mg/kg phenylbutazone. The animals of group E were injected only with phenylbutazone. All the drugs, were given at a single dose. The level of antibiotics was estimated in serum and in mandible with the method of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). An increase of the levels of antibiotics (ampicillin, cephapirin) was observed in those groups (B, D) to the animals of which phenylbutazone was given (together with antibiotics), compared with the groups (A, C) which had received antibiotics alone.

The application of occlusal sealants has been well established as an effective and safe measure in preventing dental caries since many years. Although the use of pit and fissure sealants on incipient occlusal carious lesions has been suggested as a safe procedure, several points and questions still exist. The aim of this paper was to search the literature present the pertinent studies and critically evaluating the results to give some answers for the better use of sealants on occlusal incipient carious lesions. The clinical practitioner is going to find some answers in this paper on: 1) whether there is a need for using sealants on incipient lesions, 2) what might be the progress of an undetected incipient lesion sealed with a sealant in terms of the overall benefit or dentiment to the tooth and 3) in the case where there is a detectable lesion, what might be the efficacy of the sealants in consolidating, retarding, or preventing the progress of such a lesion. Most of the studies agree that incipient lesions at an early stage and before a cavitation occurs should sealed and followed closely. Regarding the therapeutic use of sealants there is no a definite or conclusive answer. The practitioner should be very concious and skeptical since there are many unanswered questions and not enough data supporting such a procedure.