Pub Date : 2022-09-21DOI: 10.21608/ajps.2022.268247
G. Zayed, Hanaa Mohammed, S. Osman
{"title":"NANOCRYSTALLIZATION OF DAPSONE; A NOVEL APPROACH TO BOOST SOLUBILITY, DISSOLUTION, AND IN-VITRO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY","authors":"G. Zayed, Hanaa Mohammed, S. Osman","doi":"10.21608/ajps.2022.268247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajps.2022.268247","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7603,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75224949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-13DOI: 10.21608/ajps.2022.268384
H. Mahdy, Mahmoud Shaat, RezkRezk A. Ayyad
{"title":"RECENT ADVANCES IN DRUGS TARGETING PROTEIN KINASES FOR CANCER THERAPY.","authors":"H. Mahdy, Mahmoud Shaat, RezkRezk A. Ayyad","doi":"10.21608/ajps.2022.268384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajps.2022.268384","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7603,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88799724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ajps.2022.269256
Ahmed Mansour, M. Eisa, Tamer M. Abdelghany, Salama S. Salama
Aim: the aim of this study was to compare the impact of silymarin on the liver fibrosis induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) between both sexes of Wistar rats and proposing possible mechanisms. Main Methods: twenty-four Wistar male and twenty-four Wistar female rats were randomly assigned into 8 groups according to their sex (n=6) for administration of vehicle, DEN, silymarin or both DEN and silymarin for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the traditional rat body and liver weight parameters, liver injury biomarkers (serum ALT, AST, ALP, and total bilirubin) were measured. Furthermore, hematological parameters, lipid profiles (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, and TG) and oxidative stress biomarkers (TBARS, SOD, CAT, and GSH) were determined. Also, the inflammatory biomarkers in liver tissue homogenate (TNF-α, TGF-β) were evaluated. Histopathological subjective scoring system graded the damage markers of liver tissue. Expression of NF-kB was measured immunohistochemically. Results: Markedly diminished DEN induced liver fibrosis markers in female groups while worsened in male groups. Silymarin regimen improved liver functions and fibrosis markers. Additionally, it counteracted DEN-induced oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and inflammations, silymarin provided these ameliorative effects either in males or females rats. Conclusion: Silymarin plays an ameliorative role of DEN-induced liver fibrosis in male and female rats via reducing oxidative stress and inflammations.
{"title":"SILYMARIN AMELIORATES DIETHYLNITROSAMINE-INDUCED LIVER FIBROSIS IN WISTAR RATS","authors":"Ahmed Mansour, M. Eisa, Tamer M. Abdelghany, Salama S. Salama","doi":"10.21608/ajps.2022.269256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajps.2022.269256","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: the aim of this study was to compare the impact of silymarin on the liver fibrosis induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) between both sexes of Wistar rats and proposing possible mechanisms. Main Methods: twenty-four Wistar male and twenty-four Wistar female rats were randomly assigned into 8 groups according to their sex (n=6) for administration of vehicle, DEN, silymarin or both DEN and silymarin for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the traditional rat body and liver weight parameters, liver injury biomarkers (serum ALT, AST, ALP, and total bilirubin) were measured. Furthermore, hematological parameters, lipid profiles (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, and TG) and oxidative stress biomarkers (TBARS, SOD, CAT, and GSH) were determined. Also, the inflammatory biomarkers in liver tissue homogenate (TNF-α, TGF-β) were evaluated. Histopathological subjective scoring system graded the damage markers of liver tissue. Expression of NF-kB was measured immunohistochemically. Results: Markedly diminished DEN induced liver fibrosis markers in female groups while worsened in male groups. Silymarin regimen improved liver functions and fibrosis markers. Additionally, it counteracted DEN-induced oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and inflammations, silymarin provided these ameliorative effects either in males or females rats. Conclusion: Silymarin plays an ameliorative role of DEN-induced liver fibrosis in male and female rats via reducing oxidative stress and inflammations.","PeriodicalId":7603,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79776205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ajps.2022.269252
K. Khalifa, Mohammed G Barghoth, S. Desouky, H. Elsayed, M. Roushdy
Searching for an alternative disinfection and sanitization strategy to control and prevent the contamination and diseases caused by microbial pathogens represents one of the critical challenges for all world governments. So that the antimicrobial efficiency of ozone gas as a terminal disinfectant was estimated at a relatively small level (1.2 mg/l/h) using a unit that was generated as a local unit assembled at the faculty of science against six reference strains including Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 9372), Bacillus spizizenii (ATCC 6633), Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739), Pseudomonas aeroginosa (ATCC 9027), and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) for 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes under laboratory conditions. After 10 min of ozone treatment, the log reduction of cell viability was 97.15%, 59.25%, 24.20%, 24.09%, 14.50 %, 13.47%, and 0.46% for P. aeroginosa , strains combination, E. coli, C. albicans , B. spizizenii, B. subtilis, and S. aureus, respectively. The twenty-minute exposure to ozone resulted in a reduction in microbial viability percent 98.17%, 82.88%, 69.63%, 62.79%, 49.43%, 29.57%, and 28.08%, for P. aeroginosa , strains combination, B. subtilis, and E. coli, C. albicans , S. aureus, and B. spizizenii, respectively. The efficacy of ozone for P. aeroginosa, E. coli, and strains combination increased by more than 98% after 30 min of ozone treatment followed by 90.41%, 86.76%, 52.63%, and 36.64% for B. subtilis, C. albicans , B. spizizenii, and S. aureus, respectively. The maximum ozone efficacy reached 100% for all reference stains except B. spizizenii (62.10%) after 40 min of ozone treatment making this strategy a candidate tool recommended for the management and control of the pathogenic microorganisms.
{"title":"HIGHLY EFFICIENTLY INACTIVATION OF MICROBIAL PATHOGENS USING ADVANCED OZONE GENERATOR UNIT AS AN ECO- FRIENDLY PROMISING STRATEGY","authors":"K. Khalifa, Mohammed G Barghoth, S. Desouky, H. Elsayed, M. Roushdy","doi":"10.21608/ajps.2022.269252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajps.2022.269252","url":null,"abstract":"Searching for an alternative disinfection and sanitization strategy to control and prevent the contamination and diseases caused by microbial pathogens represents one of the critical challenges for all world governments. So that the antimicrobial efficiency of ozone gas as a terminal disinfectant was estimated at a relatively small level (1.2 mg/l/h) using a unit that was generated as a local unit assembled at the faculty of science against six reference strains including Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 9372), Bacillus spizizenii (ATCC 6633), Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739), Pseudomonas aeroginosa (ATCC 9027), and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) for 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes under laboratory conditions. After 10 min of ozone treatment, the log reduction of cell viability was 97.15%, 59.25%, 24.20%, 24.09%, 14.50 %, 13.47%, and 0.46% for P. aeroginosa , strains combination, E. coli, C. albicans , B. spizizenii, B. subtilis, and S. aureus, respectively. The twenty-minute exposure to ozone resulted in a reduction in microbial viability percent 98.17%, 82.88%, 69.63%, 62.79%, 49.43%, 29.57%, and 28.08%, for P. aeroginosa , strains combination, B. subtilis, and E. coli, C. albicans , S. aureus, and B. spizizenii, respectively. The efficacy of ozone for P. aeroginosa, E. coli, and strains combination increased by more than 98% after 30 min of ozone treatment followed by 90.41%, 86.76%, 52.63%, and 36.64% for B. subtilis, C. albicans , B. spizizenii, and S. aureus, respectively. The maximum ozone efficacy reached 100% for all reference stains except B. spizizenii (62.10%) after 40 min of ozone treatment making this strategy a candidate tool recommended for the management and control of the pathogenic microorganisms.","PeriodicalId":7603,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86539432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ajps.2022.269244
A. Helal, A. Hussien, Mohamed M. Elsebaei, Abdelrahman S. Mayhoub
Bacterial infections were first recorded back at 3000 B.C.E. Since then, there have been an enormous number of pandemics that hit the world. Countless doctors and researchers have been working on a definitive solution to exterminate all bacterial infections of all kinds. Marine microorganisms have been widely used as a valid source for pharmacologically active components, and recently the amount of metabolites produced by marine-derived fungi have been increased magnificently, which provided not only wide spectrum of highly active compounds but also gave an enormous number of opportunities for chemists to modify theses incredible entities into more effective and less harmful compounds that can be used as cytotoxic, antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal agents.(He et al., 2013) Quinazolines have been spotted as a new group of agents of decent promising and potential chemotherapeutic and antimicrobial activities.(Raghavendra, Gurubasavarajaswamy, Nagaranavile, & Parameshwaran, 2009) The structure activity relationship of quinazolines has shown it has a very weak antimicrobial activity,(Alafeefy, 2009) Close inspection of the structure-activity-relationships (SAR) of quinazolines revealed important structural features necessary for their antimicrobial activity: a nitrogenous ring and a side chain. Quinazoline heterocyclic compounds have been used to synthesize compounds like terremide B to enhance the activity. Currently, advantageous moieties have been combined to generate new hybrid scaffolds of quinazoline with the objective of synthesizing new moieties enhancing the biological activity and drug-like properties.
{"title":"DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL TERREMIDE AND SULFONAIDES DERIVATIVES FOR PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION","authors":"A. Helal, A. Hussien, Mohamed M. Elsebaei, Abdelrahman S. Mayhoub","doi":"10.21608/ajps.2022.269244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajps.2022.269244","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial infections were first recorded back at 3000 B.C.E. Since then, there have been an enormous number of pandemics that hit the world. Countless doctors and researchers have been working on a definitive solution to exterminate all bacterial infections of all kinds. Marine microorganisms have been widely used as a valid source for pharmacologically active components, and recently the amount of metabolites produced by marine-derived fungi have been increased magnificently, which provided not only wide spectrum of highly active compounds but also gave an enormous number of opportunities for chemists to modify theses incredible entities into more effective and less harmful compounds that can be used as cytotoxic, antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal agents.(He et al., 2013) Quinazolines have been spotted as a new group of agents of decent promising and potential chemotherapeutic and antimicrobial activities.(Raghavendra, Gurubasavarajaswamy, Nagaranavile, & Parameshwaran, 2009) The structure activity relationship of quinazolines has shown it has a very weak antimicrobial activity,(Alafeefy, 2009) Close inspection of the structure-activity-relationships (SAR) of quinazolines revealed important structural features necessary for their antimicrobial activity: a nitrogenous ring and a side chain. Quinazoline heterocyclic compounds have been used to synthesize compounds like terremide B to enhance the activity. Currently, advantageous moieties have been combined to generate new hybrid scaffolds of quinazoline with the objective of synthesizing new moieties enhancing the biological activity and drug-like properties.","PeriodicalId":7603,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89726236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ajps.2022.269392
A. Ahmed, M. Nassar, A. El-Olemy, Mohamed S. Emara
A sensitive, precise, and accurate gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method was developed for the simultaneous determination of levamisole and oxyclozanide in pure samples and pharmaceutical preparation. Gas chromatography was presented as a simple separation analytical method for the simultaneous analysis of the deliberated drugs within a shorter analytical run time. In this study, separation was achieved using a ZB5 column with (30 m ×0.53 mm, 1.50 µm), and helium as a carrier gas. The proposed method showed well separation between the drugs and each other and had good accuracy. The method showed to be linear (r 2 = 0.9998), precise (RSD < 0.496%), accurate (recovery of 99.37% for levamisole and 100.14% for oxyclozanide), specific and robust. LOD and LOQ values were 0.935 ng mL -1 and 3.085 ng mL -1 respectively for levamisole and 0.884 ng mL -1 and 2.917 ng mL -1 respectively for oxyclozanide. The proposed method obtained well separation and had perfect accuracy. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines and carried out to determine the cited drugs in their pharmaceutical preparation.
建立了一种灵敏、精确、准确的气相色谱-质谱联用方法，用于同时测定纯样品和制剂中左旋咪唑和羟氯胺的含量。气相色谱是一种简便的分离分析方法，可在较短的分析运行时间内同时分析药物。在本研究中，分离使用ZB5柱(30 m ×0.53 mm, 1.50µm)，氦气作为载气。该方法具有良好的药物分离性和准确性。结果表明，该方法具有良好的线性(r 2 = 0.9998)、精密度(RSD < 0.496%)、准确度(左旋咪唑的回收率为99.37%，羟氯胺的回收率为100.14%)、专属性和稳健性。左旋咪唑的LOD和LOQ分别为0.935 ng mL -1和3.085 ng mL -1，羟氯胺的LOD和LOQ分别为0.884 ng mL -1和2.917 ng mL -1。该方法分离效果好，准确度高。根据ICH指南对该方法进行了验证，并用于确定其药物制剂中的引用药物。
{"title":"SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF LEVAMISOLE AND OXYCLOZANIDE IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATION BY GC-MS","authors":"A. Ahmed, M. Nassar, A. El-Olemy, Mohamed S. Emara","doi":"10.21608/ajps.2022.269392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajps.2022.269392","url":null,"abstract":"A sensitive, precise, and accurate gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method was developed for the simultaneous determination of levamisole and oxyclozanide in pure samples and pharmaceutical preparation. Gas chromatography was presented as a simple separation analytical method for the simultaneous analysis of the deliberated drugs within a shorter analytical run time. In this study, separation was achieved using a ZB5 column with (30 m ×0.53 mm, 1.50 µm), and helium as a carrier gas. The proposed method showed well separation between the drugs and each other and had good accuracy. The method showed to be linear (r 2 = 0.9998), precise (RSD < 0.496%), accurate (recovery of 99.37% for levamisole and 100.14% for oxyclozanide), specific and robust. LOD and LOQ values were 0.935 ng mL -1 and 3.085 ng mL -1 respectively for levamisole and 0.884 ng mL -1 and 2.917 ng mL -1 respectively for oxyclozanide. The proposed method obtained well separation and had perfect accuracy. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines and carried out to determine the cited drugs in their pharmaceutical preparation.","PeriodicalId":7603,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78710668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ajps.2022.269258
Salama A. Salama, A. Ismail, A. Abd-Allah, Hala E. Abdel-Hamied
: The involvement of estrogen, the female sex hormone, in a variety of gastrointestinal conditions has been documented. We studied the effect of endogenous and exogenous estrogen (estradiol benzoate, 30μg/kg/day S.C) for 8 weeks on early preneoplastic markers induced by the intraperitoneal injection of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (20 mg/kg) in female rats. Either in sham rats or estradiol benzoate administered animals, estrogen abrogated tumor markers (CA 19.9 and CEA), decreased damage and inflammatory cells infiltration in colon tissue, attenuated oxidative stress markers (MDA, SOD, CAT, and GSH) and inflammatory mediators (IL-6 and IL-10). In conclusion, the estrogen protects against colon injury by reducing precancerous colonic lesions and oxidative stress. The research sheds new light on the therapeutic benefits of estrogen against colon injury in rats. respectively on colon tissues exposed to DMH for 8 consecutive weeks in the presence (4 and 8 th or absence (5th, and and of estrogen. Corresponding histograms of fluorescence intensities of the captured pictures were blotted (1st and 4th column). Quantitative analysis of the fluorescence intensity of protein expression (red color for IL-6 and IL-10) obtained from 5 fields from each mouse section was performed using ImageJ software (B, D, F). Statistical analysis of normally distributed variables were tested by parametric one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey HDS test for multiple comparisons, The expression was located in colon epithelium.
{"title":"ESTROGEN ATTENUATES DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE-INDUCED COLON INJURY IN FEMALE RATS VIA ABROGATION OF OXIDATIVE STRESS AND INFLAMMATIONS","authors":"Salama A. Salama, A. Ismail, A. Abd-Allah, Hala E. Abdel-Hamied","doi":"10.21608/ajps.2022.269258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajps.2022.269258","url":null,"abstract":": The involvement of estrogen, the female sex hormone, in a variety of gastrointestinal conditions has been documented. We studied the effect of endogenous and exogenous estrogen (estradiol benzoate, 30μg/kg/day S.C) for 8 weeks on early preneoplastic markers induced by the intraperitoneal injection of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (20 mg/kg) in female rats. Either in sham rats or estradiol benzoate administered animals, estrogen abrogated tumor markers (CA 19.9 and CEA), decreased damage and inflammatory cells infiltration in colon tissue, attenuated oxidative stress markers (MDA, SOD, CAT, and GSH) and inflammatory mediators (IL-6 and IL-10). In conclusion, the estrogen protects against colon injury by reducing precancerous colonic lesions and oxidative stress. The research sheds new light on the therapeutic benefits of estrogen against colon injury in rats. respectively on colon tissues exposed to DMH for 8 consecutive weeks in the presence (4 and 8 th or absence (5th, and and of estrogen. Corresponding histograms of fluorescence intensities of the captured pictures were blotted (1st and 4th column). Quantitative analysis of the fluorescence intensity of protein expression (red color for IL-6 and IL-10) obtained from 5 fields from each mouse section was performed using ImageJ software (B, D, F). Statistical analysis of normally distributed variables were tested by parametric one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey HDS test for multiple comparisons, The expression was located in colon epithelium.","PeriodicalId":7603,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88873389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ajps.2022.269254
M. Salah, Hamido M. Hefny, M. Mansy, A. Mekawey
Universally Primed-PCR (UP-PCR) and Internal Transcribed Spacer-PCR (ITS-PCR) based genomic fingerprinting techniques are considered a good methods that rely on specifically targeted primers. These techniques, which analyse the rDNA, have been shown to be relatively robust and discriminatory. This study was designed to investigate and characterize the molecular variation among Cladosporium strains collected at different sites in Cairo by using two different fingerprinting methods, Universally Primed- PCR (UP- PCR) and Internal Transcribed Spacer (UP- PCR) technique. The Cladosporium isolates investigated were isolated from air of Cairo by settle plate method. The samples were then purified and identified by using culture based techniques, microscopical methods, and biochemical reactions followed by confirmation in the regional center for mycology and biotechnology (RCMB). Molecular fingerprinting, and genetic similarities among Cladosporium species populations depending on microsatellites-polymerase chain reaction (ITS-PCR). Primers used are ITS4, and ITS5. PCR products were digested with 3 restriction enzymes and separated by agarose electrophoresis. Restriction patterns generated by Cfo I, Msp I and Rsa I. In addition, we have applied the Universally Primed PCR (UP-PCR) technique using two primers L21 and Fok1.The current work showed prominent discriminatory power given by amplification of internal transcribes spacers PCR regions followed by restriction with Cfo I enzyme than other endonucleases. moreover, Fok1 primer revealed minor variability among Cladosporium strains using UP-PCR genotyping technique. primer pair, a 700–800bp fragment was successfully amplified from all the isolates, while no PCR amplification was observed in negative controls. In addition, these were in the same line with that of Dean et al. , who analyzed the genera Stachybotrys, Penicillium, Aspergillus , and Cladosporium in order to identify and characterize by simple ITS method, in which each organism underwent ITS-PCR that amplified ribosomal sequences generating products from 550 to 600 bp followed by enzymatic digestion with Eco RI, Hae III, Msp I, and Hinf I, and show that using this combination of restriction enzymes enables the identification of these fungal organisms at the species level. Results of the current investigation showed moderate genetic similarity between Cladosporium isolates ranged from 50-70 % for inter-specific and 70-100 % for intra-specific comparisons. The present results indicate that, the dendrogram constructed with ITS-PCR digested with Msp I revealed that all isolates of C. cladosporioides and almost C. herbarum were grouped into a major 9 cluster delimited from other Cladosporium species comprising four molecular groups with genetic dissimilarity 30%. These results were similar to that of Kawasaki et al. (1993) that was conducted on Cladosporium carrionii and classified the 38 isolates into 4 mtDNA types (Type I to Type IV) based on the r
{"title":"MOLECULAR STUDY ON CLADOSPORIUM SPECIES ISOLATED FROM AIR OF CAIRO, USING UNIVERSALLY PRIMED-PCR (UP) AND INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER (ITS) PCR TECHNIQUES","authors":"M. Salah, Hamido M. Hefny, M. Mansy, A. Mekawey","doi":"10.21608/ajps.2022.269254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajps.2022.269254","url":null,"abstract":"Universally Primed-PCR (UP-PCR) and Internal Transcribed Spacer-PCR (ITS-PCR) based genomic fingerprinting techniques are considered a good methods that rely on specifically targeted primers. These techniques, which analyse the rDNA, have been shown to be relatively robust and discriminatory. This study was designed to investigate and characterize the molecular variation among Cladosporium strains collected at different sites in Cairo by using two different fingerprinting methods, Universally Primed- PCR (UP- PCR) and Internal Transcribed Spacer (UP- PCR) technique. The Cladosporium isolates investigated were isolated from air of Cairo by settle plate method. The samples were then purified and identified by using culture based techniques, microscopical methods, and biochemical reactions followed by confirmation in the regional center for mycology and biotechnology (RCMB). Molecular fingerprinting, and genetic similarities among Cladosporium species populations depending on microsatellites-polymerase chain reaction (ITS-PCR). Primers used are ITS4, and ITS5. PCR products were digested with 3 restriction enzymes and separated by agarose electrophoresis. Restriction patterns generated by Cfo I, Msp I and Rsa I. In addition, we have applied the Universally Primed PCR (UP-PCR) technique using two primers L21 and Fok1.The current work showed prominent discriminatory power given by amplification of internal transcribes spacers PCR regions followed by restriction with Cfo I enzyme than other endonucleases. moreover, Fok1 primer revealed minor variability among Cladosporium strains using UP-PCR genotyping technique. primer pair, a 700–800bp fragment was successfully amplified from all the isolates, while no PCR amplification was observed in negative controls. In addition, these were in the same line with that of Dean et al. , who analyzed the genera Stachybotrys, Penicillium, Aspergillus , and Cladosporium in order to identify and characterize by simple ITS method, in which each organism underwent ITS-PCR that amplified ribosomal sequences generating products from 550 to 600 bp followed by enzymatic digestion with Eco RI, Hae III, Msp I, and Hinf I, and show that using this combination of restriction enzymes enables the identification of these fungal organisms at the species level. Results of the current investigation showed moderate genetic similarity between Cladosporium isolates ranged from 50-70 % for inter-specific and 70-100 % for intra-specific comparisons. The present results indicate that, the dendrogram constructed with ITS-PCR digested with Msp I revealed that all isolates of C. cladosporioides and almost C. herbarum were grouped into a major 9 cluster delimited from other Cladosporium species comprising four molecular groups with genetic dissimilarity 30%. These results were similar to that of Kawasaki et al. (1993) that was conducted on Cladosporium carrionii and classified the 38 isolates into 4 mtDNA types (Type I to Type IV) based on the r","PeriodicalId":7603,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90982833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ajps.2022.269246
Amr S Eissa, K. Attia, A. Abdel-Monem, Ahmed M. Abdel-raoof
Amlodipine and olmesartan are two different antihypertensive drugs used in combination in the management of mild to severe hypertension. Degradation of the drug is one of the fatal processes. The potency and efficiency decrease in the presence of degradation products. The univariate spectrophotometric methods cannot provide adequate information for assessment of the presence of the degradation products. In this paper, three different multivariate models were utilized for the assessment of amlodipine and olmesartan in the presence of their degradation products. These methods are principal component regression (PCR), partial least square (PLS), and classical least square (CLS). The linearity range of these methods were 2-10 µg/ml for both drugs. The limits of detection of these methods were from 0.466 to 0.637 µg/ml for amlodipine, and from 0.435 to 0.561 µg/ml for olmesartan while the limits of quantification were from 1.413 to 1.931 µg/ml for amlodipine, and from 1.318 to 1.709 µg/ml for olmesartan.
{"title":"THREE DIFFERENT CHEMOMETRIC APPROACHES COUPLED WITH UV SPECTROSCOPY FOR ANALYSIS OF AMLODIPINE AND OLMESARTAN IN PRESENCE OF THEIR ACIDIC DEGRADATION PRODUCTS","authors":"Amr S Eissa, K. Attia, A. Abdel-Monem, Ahmed M. Abdel-raoof","doi":"10.21608/ajps.2022.269246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajps.2022.269246","url":null,"abstract":"Amlodipine and olmesartan are two different antihypertensive drugs used in combination in the management of mild to severe hypertension. Degradation of the drug is one of the fatal processes. The potency and efficiency decrease in the presence of degradation products. The univariate spectrophotometric methods cannot provide adequate information for assessment of the presence of the degradation products. In this paper, three different multivariate models were utilized for the assessment of amlodipine and olmesartan in the presence of their degradation products. These methods are principal component regression (PCR), partial least square (PLS), and classical least square (CLS). The linearity range of these methods were 2-10 µg/ml for both drugs. The limits of detection of these methods were from 0.466 to 0.637 µg/ml for amlodipine, and from 0.435 to 0.561 µg/ml for olmesartan while the limits of quantification were from 1.413 to 1.931 µg/ml for amlodipine, and from 1.318 to 1.709 µg/ml for olmesartan.","PeriodicalId":7603,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82996373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.21608/ajps.2022.269253
Kamel Al-Ghareeb, AbdelRhman Abdel Gwad, Mohamed A Gamal El Din, Ahmad Azmy
A long time ago, we found that increase in the prevalence of antibiotic resistant pathogens and strains in serious infections, the reason of distribution of these strains is because of the miss use of antibiotics to treat humans against different microorganisms,one of the most important infectious etiological agent is Staphylococcus aureus . Staphylococcus aureus strains were recovered from approximately 514 clinical samples were collected from patients admitted to Beni-Suef Public Hospitals,Assuit University and Beni-Suef University Hospital,Demerdash Hospital,S. Galal Hospital.Vancomycin resistance was determined by broth dilution method. Resistance against different antibiotics were determined by disc diffusion method. Screening for virulence genes were performed by PCR method.we found that From 514 clinical samples we found that staphylococcus strain were 308 strains (59.9%),and we found that staphylococcus aureus strain were 296 strains (96.1 %). Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain were 215 (72.6 %). Collected MRSA strains were distributed as 184 VSSA (85.5%),19VISA (8.8 %), and12 VRSA strains (5.5 %).The incidences of VRSA in hospitalized sample equal to non-hospitalized sample.The resistant genes detected from 31 strain (VISA and VRSA) were Mec A in 15 isolates (48.3 %),Van A in 12 isolates (38.7%), Panton valentine lucocidine toxin (lucotoxin) in 16 isolates (51.6 %), Enterotoxin type A in 18 isolates (58 %) followed by TSST in 14 isolates (45.1 %), and the lower incidences observed in genes of Exfoliative toxin type A in 5 isolates (16.1 %) and Exfoliative toxin type B in 1 isolate (3.22 %).The results of study provide that the high prevalence of VRSA in Egypt, andthe necessity for new and effective drugs against VRSA.
很早以前，我们就发现在严重感染中抗生素耐药病原体和菌株的患病率有所增加，这些菌株分布的原因是由于没有使用抗生素治疗人类对抗不同的微生物，其中最重要的感染性病原体之一是金黄色葡萄球菌。从Assuit大学Beni-Suef公立医院和S. Demerdash医院Beni-Suef大学医院住院的患者中收集的约514份临床样本中回收金黄色葡萄球菌菌株。加拉是医院。用肉汤稀释法测定万古霉素耐药性。采用圆盘扩散法测定对不同抗生素的耐药性。采用PCR法筛选毒力基因。从514份临床样本中，我们发现葡萄球菌菌株308株(59.9%)，金黄色葡萄球菌菌株296株(96.1%)。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA) 215株(72.6%)。收集到的MRSA菌株分别为VSSA 184株(85.5%)、visa 19株(8.8%)和VRSA 12株(5.5%)。住院样本与非住院样本VRSA发病率相等。31株(VISA和VRSA)的耐药基因分别为Mec A 15株(48.3%)、Van A 12株(38.7%)、Panton valentine lucocidine toxin (lucotoxin) 16株(51.6%)、肠毒素A型18株(58%)、TSST 14株(45.1%)，剥脱毒素A型5株(16.1%)、剥脱毒素B型1株(3.22%)。研究结果表明，埃及VRSA的高流行率和开发抗VRSA新药的必要性。
{"title":"PREVALENCE OF VANCOMYCIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS (VRSA) IN SOME EGYPTIAN HOSPITALS","authors":"Kamel Al-Ghareeb, AbdelRhman Abdel Gwad, Mohamed A Gamal El Din, Ahmad Azmy","doi":"10.21608/ajps.2022.269253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ajps.2022.269253","url":null,"abstract":"A long time ago, we found that increase in the prevalence of antibiotic resistant pathogens and strains in serious infections, the reason of distribution of these strains is because of the miss use of antibiotics to treat humans against different microorganisms,one of the most important infectious etiological agent is Staphylococcus aureus . Staphylococcus aureus strains were recovered from approximately 514 clinical samples were collected from patients admitted to Beni-Suef Public Hospitals,Assuit University and Beni-Suef University Hospital,Demerdash Hospital,S. Galal Hospital.Vancomycin resistance was determined by broth dilution method. Resistance against different antibiotics were determined by disc diffusion method. Screening for virulence genes were performed by PCR method.we found that From 514 clinical samples we found that staphylococcus strain were 308 strains (59.9%),and we found that staphylococcus aureus strain were 296 strains (96.1 %). Methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain were 215 (72.6 %). Collected MRSA strains were distributed as 184 VSSA (85.5%),19VISA (8.8 %), and12 VRSA strains (5.5 %).The incidences of VRSA in hospitalized sample equal to non-hospitalized sample.The resistant genes detected from 31 strain (VISA and VRSA) were Mec A in 15 isolates (48.3 %),Van A in 12 isolates (38.7%), Panton valentine lucocidine toxin (lucotoxin) in 16 isolates (51.6 %), Enterotoxin type A in 18 isolates (58 %) followed by TSST in 14 isolates (45.1 %), and the lower incidences observed in genes of Exfoliative toxin type A in 5 isolates (16.1 %) and Exfoliative toxin type B in 1 isolate (3.22 %).The results of study provide that the high prevalence of VRSA in Egypt, andthe necessity for new and effective drugs against VRSA.","PeriodicalId":7603,"journal":{"name":"Al-Azhar Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78720462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：