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Diabetes and Obesity 糖尿病和肥胖
Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1891/9780826149596.0040
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引用次数: 1
[A serious matter]. [严重的问题]。
Pub Date : 2017-03-01 DOI: 10.4324/9781315694504.ch27
C. Holtz-Bacha
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引用次数: 1
[Abortion as a public health problem]. [堕胎是一个公共卫生问题]。
Pub Date : 2017-02-28 DOI: 10.19080/JGWH.2017.02.555598
S. Duarte
In Brazil, abortion is considered a crime, with rare exceptions even abortion is one of the main causes of maternal mortality. It should be an emphasized that among the most frequent reasons for abortion are pregnancies due to rape, that is, sexual violence. This situation requires measures to combat this type of violation of the human rights of women. Another important gap that leads women to resort to abortion as a means of controlling procreation refers to the unmet needs of family planning, requiring attention by the public health system, access to more diversified methods of family planning, and reproductive care for the rational use of services that perform legal abortion, thereby reducing maternal mortality, in accordance with the commitments made by the leaders of the United Nations towards sustainable development objectives.
在巴西,堕胎被视为犯罪,极少数例外,甚至堕胎也是导致产妇死亡的主要原因之一。应该强调的是,堕胎最常见的原因是强奸怀孕,即性暴力。这种情况需要采取措施打击这种侵犯妇女人权的行为。导致妇女将堕胎作为控制生育的手段的另一个重要差距是,计划生育的需求没有得到满足,需要公共卫生系统的关注,需要获得更多样化的计划生育方法,以及合理使用合法堕胎服务的生殖保健,从而降低孕产妇死亡率,根据联合国领导人对可持续发展目标作出的承诺。
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引用次数: 0
CONGENITAL HEARING DISORDERS 先天性听力障碍
Pub Date : 2001-01-01 DOI: 10.4324/9780203450413_CONGENITAL_HEARING_DISORDERS
N. Roland, R. D. Mcrae, A. Mccombe
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引用次数: 0
[Vasectomy or male sterilization--still the most frequent solution to contraceptive problems]. [输精管切除术或男性绝育——仍然是解决避孕问题最常见的方法]。
Pub Date : 1998-01-01
V Nikkanen

In the Nordic countries, Finland leads the sterilization statistics, but the proportion of men is smaller than in the other countries. In 1995, a project was started where men are offered vasectomy as an option of contraception. Vasectomy is a short, typical outpatient, easy-to-do operation. Only topical anaesthesia and a short sick leave are needed. Vasectomy is an efficient and cheap contraceptive method. After the operation, the sexual functions remain unchanged. Since there is hidden need for increasing vasectomy, what we need is more publicity and information. Neither clients nor professionals have enough knowledge about this method.

在北欧国家中,芬兰在绝育统计上领先,但男性的比例比其他国家要小。1995年,启动了一个项目,向男性提供输精管结扎术作为避孕的一种选择。输精管结扎术是一种短时间、典型的门诊手术,易于操作。只需要局部麻醉和短暂的病假。输精管结扎术是一种高效、廉价的避孕方法。手术后,性功能保持不变。由于存在增加输精管结扎的隐性需求,我们需要的是更多的宣传和信息。无论是客户还是专业人士对这种方法都没有足够的了解。
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引用次数: 0
[How to talk to young people about contraception]. [如何与年轻人谈论避孕]。
Pub Date : 1998-01-01
K Bildjuschkin

In the article, the Open Door for the Young, activity of the Finnish Population and Family Welfare Federation is introduced. The writer emphasizes the importance of cooperation and right timing in providing sexual advice to young people.

文中介绍了芬兰人口和家庭福利联合会的活动“为年轻人敞开大门”。作者在向年轻人提供性建议时强调了合作和正确时机的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
[When there is no suitable contraceptive method]. [当没有合适的避孕方法时]。
Pub Date : 1998-01-01
M Haukkamaa

Despite of the many possibilities there are some situations where no method of contraception seems to be suitable. The reasons for this may be medical and clear such as rise of blood pressure, which is an obstacle to using combination pills. Sometimes a question arises, whether the feelings are really caused by the contraceptive method, or does the woman possibly blame contraception for some other reason.

尽管有许多可能性,但在某些情况下,似乎没有一种避孕方法是合适的。造成这种情况的原因可能是医学上的和明确的,比如血压升高,这是使用联合药物的一个障碍。有时会出现一个问题,这种感觉是否真的是由避孕方法引起的,或者女性可能会因为其他原因而责怪避孕。
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引用次数: 0
[HIV screening in maternity clinics]. [妇产诊所的艾滋病毒筛查]。
Pub Date : 1998-01-01
M Parviainen

With a decision of the Finnish Department of Health and Social Welfare the HIV-screenings have been extended from the beginning of the year. The most important reason for this is the development of the medical treatment. With the present treatment, the transmitting of the HIV-infection from mother to child can be prevented in most cases.

根据芬兰卫生和社会福利部的一项决定,从今年年初开始延长了艾滋病毒筛查。最重要的原因是医疗的发展。利用目前的治疗方法,在大多数情况下可以防止艾滋病毒从母亲传染给儿童。
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引用次数: 0
[Report on the history of condoms]. [关于避孕套历史的报告]。
Pub Date : 1998-01-01
E Sandström

Is there any other positive reason for using a condom, from a man's point of view, than contraception and prophylaxy? There are no studies on the effects of using a condom on the sensation. The writer started a study on the topic.

从男人的角度来看,除了避孕和预防之外,还有其他使用避孕套的积极原因吗?目前还没有关于使用避孕套对这种感觉的影响的研究。作者开始对这个题目进行研究。
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引用次数: 0
[Natural contraception--a real option?]. [自然避孕——一个真正的选择?]
Pub Date : 1998-01-01
S Nykänen

In the article, a method developed by John Billings is introduced, based on the presumption that a woman will learn to know her fertile days and the day of ovulation by observing the consistency of the cervical mucus. The method has many uses. The woman gets to know her body and its functions. The woman can avoid becoming pregnant without long periods of continence and she can get pregnant when she wants it herself. The method can also provide help in various problems of childlessness.

本文介绍了约翰·比林斯(John Billings)发明的一种方法,该方法基于这样一种假设,即女性可以通过观察宫颈粘液的粘稠度来了解自己的排卵期和排卵期。这种方法有很多用途。女人开始了解她的身体和它的功能。如果没有长时间的失禁,女性可以避免怀孕,她可以在自己想要的时候怀孕。该方法还可以帮助解决各种无子女问题。
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引用次数: 0
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