Le Poumon et le coeur最新文献

During simultaneous evaluation of pulmonary O2, CO2, and CO in the stable state (ES) at rest, CO volume per minute (V'CO) standardized (V'COs) for FICO = 0.001 [2, 3] can be expressed relative to simultaneous flow of "respiratory" gases (V'O2 and V'CO2) by the quotient of the gas concentrations concerned, if its is admitted that V'I = V'E. Whether at the "expired"mean E or "alveolar" A levels, these concentrations have identical paired relationships. In the strict stable state, the proposed expressions of V'CO are constants independent of age, sex, stature, and ventilatory regimen in healthy non-smokers [6]; the result is that V'COs in relation to alveolar ventilation, V'COs/V'A, which is related to V'COs/V'CO2 by PaCO2, is also a constant. When the so-called "stable" state is not a strict one, experimental arguments suggest that V'COs/V'CO2 alone is not markedly influenced by ventilatory instability. Measurements conducted by means of different biological modalities and techniques in 3 groups of healthy women of homogeneous age breathing in a semi-open circuit: 1) established the value of the constants V'COs/V'CO2, V'COs/V'O2, V'COs/V'A in the true stable state (ESV) controlled by R and by gasometry on simultaneously collected blood samples; and 2) confirmed the constant character of V'COs/V'CO2 whatever the degree of respiratory stabilization, even when the ventilatory regimen was in reality not stabilised (ENS); V'COs/V'CO2 should therefore be the only value for defining a "specific capacity of pulmonary CO exchange". V'COs/V'A appears to be related to Q'/V'A. As DuCO/(DuCO2.1,21), which measures this ratio, it is independent of age and of ventilatory frequency. Several facts indicate that the "parallelism" of modifications affecting DuCO and DuCO2 [15] is not found in all physiological and pathological circumstances.

Diffuse pulmonary amyloidosis is rarely reported in systemic amyloidosis. We report two patients with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia in whom pulmonary amyloidosis was revealed by a diffuse interstitial syndrome without severe functional impairment. Amyloid pulmonary deposits are anatomically frequent and are often associated with cardiac amyloidosis. They must be evoked more frequently in the diagnosis of diffuse interstitial patterns, particularly in patients with primary amyloidosis or dysglobulinemia.

After nasal, oral and rectal immunization of Balb/c and CF 1 mice with influenza virus (A/PR/8/34, HON 1) specific antibodies (hemagglutination inhibition test) occur in serum and in the lung of mice, detectable in lung lavage fluids. The nasal route of immunization leads to slightly better local antibody production, but the oral route is a promising route, and should be tried in humans.

Bronchial fiberscopic examinations were conducted in 51 small babies and infants under general (9 cases) or local (42 cases) anesthesia. Most of those performed under general anesthesia employed the Venturi effect for ventilation through the fiberscope. By using this technical artefact it was usually possible to avoid the use of an intubation catheter and thus to employ most technical procedures (aspiration, biopsy, bronchial brushing). Possible complications of the method are described and the relative indications for fiberscopy as against rigid bronchoscopy discussed. Endoscopy employing flexible and rigid tubes should be complementary examinations during endobronchial exploration in infants.

An anti influenza vaccine was administered by oral route, as capsules, to 24 volunteers. The presence of IgAs in nasal secretions led us to the fact that some lymphocytes of the small intestine were the precursors of circulating IgAs, and, while proliferating, they settled on mucous sites at a distance.

A review of cases of lung cancer treated in a hospital department over a period of 6 years demonstrated the presence of an associated pneumothorax in 3 patients: in 2 cases this was the initial manifestation of the lung cancer, while in the third case it developed after the diagnosis had been established. In most of the published cases (less than 100) the lesion was already present on initial radiological images after reexpansion. In very rare cases, recurrent pneumothoraces or ones difficult to reexpand, without visible lesions on chest radiography after expansion, were provoked by a lung cancer. Because of the low incidence in this group of patients, it appears unjustified to submit them to an exhaustive search for a pulmonary neoplasm.

Tracheal resection was performed in 10 patients with non-malignant tracheal tumors. Clinical, histological, and technical features are discussed, particular emphasis being given to long-term results. These tumors, mostly cylindromas (7 out of 10 cases in this series) are amenable to very wide surgical resection of the resection-anastomosis type. Suggested treatment for cylindromas should include systematic postoperative irradiation, as this considerably improves long-term (10 and 15 years) results.

Pneumoblastoma is a rare pulmonary malignant tumor, demonstrating atypical histological features analogous with the epithelial and mesenchymatous formations associated in the embryonic lung. Their dysembryoplastic origin, suggested initially because of these appearances, is currently contested in favor of a neoplastic origin. They are rare tumors, but they still stimulate interest because of certain particular features related to their course, and because of the problem of their histogenesis.