Radiologia clinica最新文献

The radiologic study of temporo-mandibular joints in patients undergoing long-term haemodialysis has led to documentation of osteodystrophic changes in 6 patients: 2 were asymptomatic and 4 had referred to pain. The roentgenologic picture of this unusual abnormally varies from a simple decrease of bone density to resorption of the condylar head.

Macrodacryocystography, when combined with bilateral canaliculus intubation gives simultaneous distension of the duct system and better contrast filling. As a result there is improved radiographic visualization of the exact site of pathology, particularly an obstruction. This important information makes it easier to chose the correct surgical technique to relieve epiphora. In addition, other pathology such as diverticula and fistula may be visualized. Subtraction may be a useful adjunct to the method. After a description of the normal anatomy of the lacrimal system, the technique is explained and the results of 52 examinations given.

Xeroradiography of soft tissue lesions, both malignant and benign, has been performed on 121 patients, 79 of whom having also undergone conventional film radiography. In 72 cases (59%), the diagnosis was proved by surgery and histological examination. Xeroradiography was found to be more effective in representing soft tissues than film radiography in 63 cases (80%) and equally effective in 16 cases (20%). Film radiography has never given a better representation of soft structures. The main xeroradiographic aspects of soft tissue lesions are reviewed. A diagnosis of the nature of the lesions on the basis of the extraosseous xeroradiographic picture is deemed possible only for lipomas. In the remaining cases, xeroradiography may offer useful information as regards size, shape and anatomic relationships of lesions but does not allow univocal diagnosis of their nature. Advantages and drawbacks of this technique are discussed, with emphasis on radiation dosage. It is assumed that xeroradiography may prove to be a helpful second-line examination in patients with soft tissue masses or swelling. It may also offer a simple method for follow-up in tumors of soft tissues having undergone conservative treatment.

Since November 1972 a pilot study of fast neutron therapy has been carried out in Amsterdam at the Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital (the Netherlands Cancer Institute). With a d + T machine almost 200 patients were treated in 2 years. In this paper the preliminary results will be discussed.

The skeletal changes which can occur as a result of immunosuppression, and in particular as a result of hypercorticism, are discussed with reference to the findings obtained in 110 patients who received one or more kidney allografts. The hyperparathyroidism which often persists even after renal transplantation, is briefly discussed. In 21 patients, a total of 55 localizations of epiphyseal aseptic necrosis were found. In 3 patients, moreover, four medullary infarcts developed. Three osseous inflammatory processes were observed in addition. The various radiological features and the possible aetiology are discussed.

Progress in kidney transplantation is not so much hampered by the difficulties of the surgical procedure as by the problems of immunologic rejection and the complications of the immunosuppressive treatment. The radiologic investigation is an indispensable tool for the diagnosis of these, often life-threatening, complications and transplantation programmes cannot function adequately without the help of experienced radiologists. Further improvement in kidney graft survival awaits a breakthrough in the knowledge of the immunological phenomena that govern the rejection reaction.

Bronchogenic carcinoma without parenchymal changes, located within normal hilum and mediastinum, does not show in routine chest X-ray. The value of tomography is demonstrated.

A collection of pseudomasses and pitfalls in abdominal ultrasound are reviewed. This article discusses the way in which to avoid misinterpretation in these cases. Some anatomical variations and accidental configurations are mentioned.