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Sacral insufficiency fractures – a commonl y overlooked cause of low back and pelvic pain; a case report and literature review 骶骨功能不全骨折——一个常被忽视的引起腰和骨盆疼痛的原因;病例报告及文献复习
Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.33004/reumatizam-67-2-10
D. Vujaklija, Tea Schnurrer Luke-Vrbanić
sacral stress fractures are divided into fatigue fractures and insufficiency fractures. Fatigue fractures occur in a normal bone exposed to abnormal or repetitive stresses, whereas insufficiency fractures occur in weakened bones under normal stress and with no underlying trauma. sacral insufficiency fractures are often overlooked causes of nonspecific lumbosacral back pain, especially in elderly women with underlying osteoporosis. in addition to old age and postmenopausal osteoporosis, other condi-tions which reduce bone mineral density and present risk factors for the occurrence of insufficiency fractures include: long-term glucocorticoid and bisphosphonates therapy, long-term vitamin d insufficiency and osteomalacia, renal osteodystrophy, primary hyperparathyroidism, Paget’s disease, long-term immobilisation and radiotherapy for the treatment of malignant diseases. There are no typical clinical signs to suggest sacral stress fracture. These fractures are often associated with degenerative diseases of the spine and intervertebral disc, and they are often accompanied by pre-existing osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Plain radiographs of the spine and pelvis, which are the first step in diagnostic imaging, are usually non-diagnostic when it comes to sacral fractures. due to radicular pain symptoms, magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbosacral spine is the next step in diagnosis, in which sacral fractures are often revealed as accidental findings. in this paper, we shall present a case of an elderly patient with multiple comor-bidities and multiple risk factors, in whose case physical therapy did not prove to be effective. during diagnostic testing, a subsequent mri showed an accidental finding confirming the sacral fracture. Furthermore, we shall highlight the importance of early detection of sacral stress fracture in high-risk patients, in order to avoid unnecessary, and sometimes invasive, diagnostic procedures and to reduce the possibility of possible complications. The imaging method of choice for the diagnosis of sacral stress fractures is mri.
骶骨应力骨折分为疲劳骨折和不全骨折。疲劳性骨折发生在正常骨骼暴露于异常或重复的压力下,而不全性骨折发生在正常压力下且无潜在创伤的虚弱骨骼中。骶骨功能不全骨折常被忽视的原因非特异性腰骶背部疼痛,特别是在老年妇女潜在的骨质疏松症。除了老年和绝经后骨质疏松症外,其他降低骨密度和存在发生不全性骨折的危险因素的情况包括:长期糖皮质激素和双膦酸盐治疗、长期维生素d不足和骨软化症、肾性骨营养不良、原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进、佩吉特病、长期固定和恶性疾病的放射治疗。没有典型的临床症状提示骶骨应力性骨折。这些骨折通常与脊柱和椎间盘的退行性疾病有关,并且通常伴有先前存在的骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折。脊柱和骨盆的x光平片是诊断成像的第一步,但对于骶骨骨折通常无法诊断。由于神经根性疼痛症状,腰骶脊柱的磁共振成像是诊断的下一步,其中骶骨骨折通常是意外发现。在本文中,我们将提出一个有多种合并症和多种危险因素的老年患者的病例,在这种情况下,物理治疗没有被证明是有效的。在诊断测试中,随后的mri显示意外发现证实了骶骨骨折。此外,我们将强调在高危患者中早期发现骶骨应力性骨折的重要性,以避免不必要的,有时是侵入性的诊断程序,并减少可能发生并发症的可能性。诊断骶骨应力性骨折的首选影像学方法是mri。
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引用次数: 0
New parameters of hand grip in rheumatoid arthritis patients based on electrodynamic measurements – a pilot evaluation study 基于电动测量的类风湿性关节炎患者握力的新参数——一项初步评估研究
Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.33004/reumatizam-67-2-7
A. Dubravić, I. Michieli, B. M. Rogina, S. Grazio
Introduction: in rheumatoid arthritis, inflammation and damage lead to functional impairment. as the hand is a typical site of involvement, lower grip strength is often found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. in these patients it is necessary to evaluate the hand grip impairment in a more detailed way. The aim of this study was to analyze a new method for measuring hand grip. Methods: an expert electronic measuring system for obtaining dynamic time series of hand grip force was developed. We tested it in a sample of 24 participants, 12 patients with rheumatoid arthritis and 12 ageand sex-matched healthy controls. The main dynamometric parameters obtained were: maximum grip force, fatigue, grip velocity, and functional potential. These were measured at the baseline and at 60, 120, and 180 days. Results: compared to the control group, at baseline the patients with rheumatoid arthritis had a significantly lower maximum grip force (68.2 vs. 97.3), earlier occurrence of fatigue (22.4 vs. 24.9), as well as lower grip velocity (14.8 vs. 22.2) and functional potential (808.2 vs. 1876.3). a significant improvement in all measured variables was observed during the follow-up period. Conclusion: in our pilot study we tested a newly developed electrodynamometer measuring system and found that it can provide an objective and detailed description of the hand condition. This system has the potential to be used as a relevant indicator of hand function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis as well as to help tailor their rehabilitation.
引言:在类风湿性关节炎中,炎症和损伤会导致功能损害。由于手是典型的受累部位,类风湿性关节炎患者的握力通常较低。在这些患者中,有必要以更详细的方式评估抓握损伤。本研究的目的是分析一种测量握力的新方法。方法:开发了一个获取握力动态时间序列的专家电子测量系统。我们对24名参与者、12名类风湿性关节炎患者和12名年龄和性别匹配的健康对照进行了测试。获得的主要测力参数为:最大握力、疲劳、握力速度和功能潜能。这些是在基线和60、120和180天时测量的。结果:与对照组相比,在基线时,类风湿性关节炎患者的最大握力显著较低(68.2 vs.97.3),疲劳发生较早(22.4 vs.24.9),握力速度较低(14.8 vs.22.2),功能潜能较低(808.2 vs.1876.3)。在随访期间,所有测量变量都有显著改善。结论:在我们的初步研究中,我们测试了一种新开发的电测力计测量系统,发现它可以客观、详细地描述手部状况。该系统有可能被用作类风湿性关节炎患者手功能的相关指标,并帮助他们进行康复。
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引用次数: 0
Kidney involvement in adults with IgA vasculitis: experiences from Clinical Hospital Dubrava, Zagreb 成人IgA血管炎肾脏受累:萨格勒布Dubrava临床医院的经验
Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.33004/reumatizam-67-2-8
A. Gračanin, Tea Mikula, Ivica Horvatić, Luka Torić, M. Golob, J. Dobša, Matea Liskij, Gabrijela Buljan, K. Draženović, Matej Nedić, D. Ljubanović, KRESIMIR Galešić
Introduction: IgA vasculitis, formerly named henoch-schönlein purpura, is a systemic small-vessel vasculitis that occurs commonly in children, while in adults, the disease remains rare. It is characterised by non-thrombocytopenic palpable purpura, arthritis, arthralgia, kidney disease and gastrointestinal pain. This study aimed to determine clinical signs and symptoms, laboratory and pathohistological parameters and therapy of IgA vasculitis in adults with renal involvement, by conducting our research on a sample of patients of a tertiary referral hospital. Research subjects and methods: In this retrospective cohort study, patients treated at clinical hospital dubrava from 2011 to 2019 were included, who were diagnosed with IgA vasculitis, based on clinical, laboratory and pathohistological criteria. clinical and laboratory parameters, were determined through the use of methods commonly used in clinical practice. In patients with symptoms and signs of kidney involvement and after patients’ consent, kidney biopsy was performed, and analysed by light, immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Results: twenty-two adults (12 m, 10 F), whose median age was 57, were included in our study. Palpable purpura and nephritis were present in all patients. Thirteen (59.1%) patients had arthralgia and five of them (22.5%) experienced abdominal pain. respiratory infection preceded vasculitis in six (27.3%) patients, six patients ((27.3%) were taking medications and got vaccinated prior to the occurrence of vasculitis, and in ten (45.4%) patients the predisposing factor was unknown. Asymptomatic hematuria was present in ten (47.6%), subnephrotic proteinuria in three (14.3%), nephrotic syndrome in nine (42.9%) and nephritic syndrome in three (14.3%) patients. According to the findings of kidney biopsy, which was performed on 18 patients, eleven (61.6%) had mesangial proliferation, fourteen Reumatizam 2020;67(2):83–92 https://doi.org/10.33004/reumatizam-67-2-8 professional paper struČni rad
简介:IgA血管炎,原名过敏性紫癜,是一种全身性小血管血管炎,常见于儿童,而在成人中,这种疾病仍然很罕见。其特征是非血小板减少性可触及紫癜、关节炎、关节痛、肾病和胃肠道疼痛。本研究旨在通过对三级转诊医院的患者样本进行研究,确定成人肾脏受累IgA血管炎的临床体征和症状、实验室和病理学参数以及治疗方法。研究对象和方法:在这项回顾性队列研究中,纳入了2011年至2019年在杜拉瓦临床医院接受治疗的患者,他们根据临床、实验室和病理学标准被诊断为IgA血管炎。临床和实验室参数是通过使用临床实践中常用的方法来确定的。在有肾脏受累症状和体征的患者中,在患者同意后,进行肾脏活检,并通过光、免疫荧光和电子显微镜进行分析。结果:22名成年人(12米,10英尺),中位年龄57岁,被纳入我们的研究。所有患者均出现可触摸性紫癜和肾炎。13名(59.1%)患者出现关节痛,其中5名(22.5%)患者出现腹痛。在6名(27.3%)患者中,呼吸道感染发生在血管炎之前,6名患者(27.4%)在血管炎发生之前正在服药并接种了疫苗,10名(45.4%)患者的易感因素未知。无症状血尿10例(47.6%),肾下蛋白尿3例(14.3%),肾病综合征9例(42.9%),肾病综合症3例(14.3%)。根据对18名患者进行的肾活检结果,11名(61.6%)患有系膜增生,14名Reumatizam 2020;67(2):83–92https://doi.org/10.33004/reumatizam-67-2-8专业论文结构Čni rad
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引用次数: 0
Tendinopathy: From Basic Science to Clinical Management 肌腱病:从基础科学到临床管理
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-65335-4
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引用次数: 0
WHEN TO SUSPECT AN AUTOINFLAMMATORY DISEASE? 何时怀疑自身炎症性疾病?
Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.33004/reumatizam-67-1-4
M. Šestan, M. Jelušić
Autoinflammatory diseases are clinical disorders caused by a deficiency or dysregulation of innate immunity, characterized by recurrent or persistent inflammation (increased levels of acute phase reactants) and the absence of a primary pathogenic role of adaptive immunity (autoreactive T lymphocytes or antibody production). They are clinically manifested by recurrent episodes of systemic inflammation due to the activation of an intense nonspecific inflammatory reaction with no apparent or sufficient cause. In terms of pathogenesis, autoinflammatory diseases can be divided into monogenic, or those that are caused by a mutation in a well-defined gene, and non-monogenic, also referred to as unclassified. According to the three main pathogenic patterns of emergence in monogenic autoinflammatory diseases described to date, they are divided into inflammasomopathies, interferonopathies, and ubiquitinopathies. Clinically, inflammasomopathies are most commonly manifested by fever (often periodic type), rash, serositis, hepatosplenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy. The therapeutic approach in many of these diseases is based on the use of an interleukin-1 inhibitor. Interferonopathies are most commonly manifested as acral and lung vasculopathy and fibrosis, with an onset of skin changes like chilblains, intracranial calcifications, and myositis. Janus kinase inhibitors are used in the treatment. Ubiquitinopathies are most commonly manifested by granuloma, ulceration, uveitis, and immunodeficiency. The therapeutic approach in these diseases is based on the use of tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors. Unclassified autoinflammatory diseases include diseases that meet the clinical and biological criteria for autoinflammatory diseases but to date have no detected genetic background (for example, syndrome of periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical adenitis, Schnitzler syndrome, or systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis), and some multifactorial diseases that are polygenic or caused by complex interactions of multiple genes and environmental factors and not associated with Mendelian inheritance patterns (eg., gout, Behcet disease). In the diagnosis of patients with suspected autoinflammatory disease, it is necessary to exclude infections, malignancies, immunodeficiencies, and rheumatic diseases. The main indication for genetic testing is the presence of clinical symptoms that meet the criteria for one or more autoinflammatory diseases. There are a number of unanswered questions in genetic diagnostics, the main problem being the interpretation of the results.
自身炎症性疾病是由先天免疫缺陷或失调引起的临床疾病,其特征是复发性或持续性炎症(急性期反应物水平升高)和缺乏适应性免疫(自身反应性T淋巴细胞或抗体产生)的主要致病作用。临床表现为在没有明显或充分原因的情况下,由于强烈的非特异性炎症反应的激活,全身性炎症反复发作。就发病机制而言,自身炎症性疾病可分为单基因疾病,或由明确定义的基因突变引起的疾病,和非单基因疾病,也称为未分类疾病。根据迄今为止所描述的三种主要的单基因自身炎症性疾病的发病模式,它们被分为炎性肌病、干扰素病和泛素病。临床上,炎性肌病最常表现为发热(通常为周期性)、皮疹、浆液炎、肝脾肿大和淋巴结病。许多这些疾病的治疗方法是基于使用白细胞介素-1抑制剂。干扰素病变最常表现为肢端和肺部血管病变和纤维化,并伴有皮肤变化,如冻疮、颅内钙化和肌炎。治疗中使用了Janus激酶抑制剂。泛素病最常表现为肉芽肿、溃疡、葡萄膜炎和免疫缺陷。这些疾病的治疗方法是基于使用肿瘤坏死因子- α抑制剂。未分类的自身炎症性疾病包括符合自身炎症性疾病的临床和生物学标准,但迄今为止没有检测到遗传背景的疾病(例如,周期性发热综合征、口疮性口炎、咽炎和宫颈腺炎、施尼茨勒综合征或全身性发作的青少年特发性关节炎)。以及一些多基因疾病或由多个基因和环境因素的复杂相互作用引起的与孟德尔遗传模式无关的多因素疾病(例如;(如痛风、白塞病)。在诊断疑似自身炎症的患者时,有必要排除感染、恶性肿瘤、免疫缺陷和风湿病。基因检测的主要指征是临床症状符合一种或多种自身炎症性疾病的标准。在遗传诊断中有许多未解决的问题,主要问题是对结果的解释。
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引用次数: 0
NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF PAINFUL SHOULDER SYNDROME – COMPARATIVE RESEARCH 肩痛综合征的非药物治疗-比较研究
Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.33004/reumatizam-67-1-2
Ivana Vlak, A. Poljičanin, T. Vlak
Non-pharmacological treatment is undeniably a significant part of painful shoulder syndrome treatment. Medical exercises are its most important segment, according to the results of evidence-based medicine. Due to the fact that exercises are rarely used as monotherapy, we were particularly interested in the data regarding other non-pharmacological methods of treatment found in the Cochrane library and PEDro database (Physiotherapy Evidence Database). Simultaneously, we conducted a research study of painful shoulder syndrome treatment with conventional methods of physical therapy. The study included 157 patients, which allowed us to compare our preliminary results with data found in the previously mentioned databases. The majority of quality studies that can be found in the literature database involve the use of modern technology, such as extracorporeal shock wave therapy and high-intensity laser therapy, because they have proven to be very effective in the reduction of pain intensity and the increase of functional capacity of the painful shoulder. These methods of treatment have shown to be effective even in patients with calcific tendinitis, a more severe form of the disease, as well as in patients who had no calcifications. Conventional methods of treatment, often referred to as standard physical therapy (low-level laser therapy, electrotherapy, therapeutic ultrasound) have proven to be effective, but less effective compared to the aforementioned methods. The results of our research also corroborate the previously mentioned fact, thus confirming that the use of conventional methods of physical medicine (therapeutic ultrasound, diclofenac sonophoresis, interferential current therapy, low-level laser therapy, cryotherapy) has been successful in reducing pain intensity and increasing the functional capacity of the painful shoulder. Among the conventional methods of treatment, electrotherapy (interferential current therapy) turned out to be the most efficient one. Non-pharmacological treatment have to be an integral part of all painful shoulder syndrome treatment protocols, and in the future, the use of modern technology in addition to conventional methods of treatment should be encouraged.
不可否认,非药物治疗是肩部疼痛综合征治疗的重要组成部分。根据循证医学的结果,医疗锻炼是其最重要的部分。由于运动很少被用作单一疗法,我们对Cochrane图书馆和PEDro数据库(物理疗法证据数据库)中发现的其他非药物治疗方法的数据特别感兴趣。同时,我们采用传统的物理治疗方法对肩痛综合征进行了研究。这项研究包括157名患者,这使我们能够将初步结果与之前提到的数据库中的数据进行比较。在文献数据库中可以找到的大多数高质量研究都涉及现代技术的使用,如体外冲击波治疗和高强度激光治疗,因为它们已被证明在降低疼痛强度和增加疼痛肩膀的功能能力方面非常有效。这些治疗方法已被证明是有效的,即使是在钙化肌腱炎(一种更严重的疾病)患者以及没有钙化的患者中也是如此。传统的治疗方法,通常被称为标准物理治疗(低水平激光治疗、电疗、治疗性超声波)已被证明是有效的,但与上述方法相比效果较差。我们的研究结果也证实了前面提到的事实,从而证实了传统物理医学方法(治疗性超声、双氯芬酸超声、干扰电流疗法、低水平激光疗法、冷冻疗法)的使用在降低疼痛强度和增加疼痛肩部的功能能力方面取得了成功。在传统的治疗方法中,电疗(干扰电流疗法)被证明是最有效的一种。非药物治疗必须成为所有肩部疼痛综合征治疗方案的组成部分,未来应鼓励在传统治疗方法之外使用现代技术。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of disease activity and functional impairment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis on satisfaction with provided rheumatology health care 类风湿关节炎患者疾病活动度和功能损害对风湿病保健服务满意度的影响
Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.33004/reumatizam-67-1-3
U. aktivnosti, bolesti i fUnkcionalne, razinU zadovoljstva prUženom, reUmatološkom UslUgom, Darija Čubelić, Mirna Reihl Crnogaj, M. Mayer
rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is a disease that requires regular monitoring of therapeutic efficacy and patients’ quality of life (Qol). The aim of this study is to determine the influence of disease activity and duration, as well as functional disability, on the patients’ perception of satisfaction with the provided care, and to evaluate the satisfaction with respect to the patient-physician relationship and the factors that affect the patients’ satisfaction level. The observational non-interventional study included 53 consecutive ra patients who regularly attend the outpatient clinic. prior to the scheduled examination the patients completed a standardized patient satisfaction Questionnaire and a Health care assessment Questionnaire (HaQ). The patients were divided according to their HaQ score, disease activity measured by das28 score (disease activity score 28), disease duration, and presence of bdmards (biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs) in therapy. The results showed that the patients were largely satisfied with the service provided. The highest scores were achieved in the categories of the technical quality and competence of the physician and the doctor’s attitude towards the patient. The lowest scores were related to the inability of an easy telephone access or emergency consultation and to the time spent in the waiting room. The level of disease activity did not significantly affect the degree of satisfaction with the provided health care. additionally, patients who were classified as having severe to very severe disability by HaQ score had slightly lower satisfaction rates in all examined categories. furthermore, patients treated with bdmards and those with disease lasting more than five years reported higher satisfaction rates in all categories. in conclusion, patients with a higher degree of disability experience a slightly lower level of satisfaction with medical care, whereas patients with long-standing disease and those treated with bdmards report higher levels of Reumatizam 2020;67(1):27–35 https://doi.org/10.33004/reumatizam-67-1-3 profEssional papEr STRUČNI RAD
类风湿性关节炎(ra)是一种需要定期监测疗效和患者生活质量的疾病。本研究的目的是确定疾病活动和持续时间以及功能残疾对患者对所提供护理的满意度的影响,并评估患者对医患关系的满意度以及影响患者满意度的因素。这项观察性非介入性研究包括53名定期到门诊就诊的连续ra患者。在预定的检查之前,患者完成了标准化的患者满意度问卷和健康护理评估问卷(HaQ)。根据患者的HaQ评分、通过das28评分测量的疾病活动性(疾病活动性评分28)、疾病持续时间和治疗中bdmards(生物疾病修饰抗风湿药物)的存在对患者进行划分。结果表明,患者对所提供的服务基本满意。在医生的技术素质和能力以及医生对患者的态度方面得分最高。得分最低的是无法方便地接通电话或进行紧急咨询,以及在候诊室度过的时间。疾病活动水平对所提供的医疗保健的满意度没有显著影响。此外,根据HaQ评分被归类为重度至极重度残疾的患者在所有检查类别中的满意度略低。此外,接受bdmards治疗的患者和病情持续5年以上的患者在所有类别中的满意度都较高。总之,残疾程度较高的患者对医疗服务的满意度略低,而患有长期疾病的患者和接受bdmards治疗的患者报告的Reumatizam 2020水平较高;67(1):27-35https://doi.org/10.33004/reumatizam-67-1-3专业论文STRUČNI RAD
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引用次数: 0
Gender differences in clinical manifestations and comorbidities in patients with SLE : a single-center experience SLE患者临床表现和合并症的性别差异:单中心研究
Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.33004/reumatizam-67-1-1
Leona Žuvan, D. Kaliterna
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine gender differences in the clinical manifestations and comorbidities in sle patients treated at the university hospital of split during a ten-year period. Methods: The medical records of patients diagnosed with sle were collected from the outpatient clinics, ward, and day hospital of the department of Rheumatology and clinical immunology of the university hospital of split. all sle manifestations and comorbidities were recorded. The spss 25 (ibm, new York, usa) package was used for statistical analysis. assessment of the differences between the genders was performed by χ2 test, univariate logistic regression, and multivariate logistic regression. Results: The study included 268 sle patients, 242 (90%) females and 26 (10%) males, aged 22-88 years (median 52; Q1-Q3: 41-62.75 y). in univariate regression analysis significant association was obtained between sjögren syndrome (ss) and associated neoplasms and the female gender, while antiphospholipid syndrome (aps) and vasculitis were associated with the male gender. in multivariate logistic regression with age and gender as independent variables, a significantly higher frequency of ss (p = 0.04) and associated neoplasms (p = 0.004) were found in females, while vasculitis (p = 0.014) and aps (p = 0.003) were more frequent in males. significant association was found between younger age and skin changes and lupus nephritis in both genders. in older patients, a significant correlation was found for dyslipidemia, hypertension, osteoporosis, gastritis, and heart involvement. Conclusion: in our study of sle patients, ss and associated neoplasms were more common in women, whereas in men vasculitis and aps were more frequent. lupus nephritis and skin changes occured more frequently in patients of younger age in both genders. in elderly patients, dyslipidemia, hypertension, heart involvement, osteoporosis, and gastritis were more likely to occur. for a better understanding of this problem it is necessary to examine a larger population of patients and monitor it over time.
目的:本研究的目的是确定十年期间在split大学医院治疗的sle患者的临床表现和合并症的性别差异。方法:收集split大学医院风湿病科和临床免疫学门诊、病房、日间医院诊断为sle患者的病历。记录所有sle表现及合并症。采用spss 25 (ibm, new York, usa)软件包进行统计分析。采用χ2检验、单因素logistic回归和多因素logistic回归对性别差异进行评估。结果:纳入268例sle患者,其中女性242例(90%),男性26例(10%),年龄22-88岁(中位52岁;Q1-Q3: 41-62.75 y)。单因素回归分析发现,sjögren综合征(ss)及相关肿瘤与女性显著相关,抗磷脂综合征(aps)及血管炎与男性显著相关。在以年龄和性别为自变量的多因素logistic回归中,女性患ss (p = 0.04)和相关肿瘤(p = 0.004)的频率明显较高,而男性患血管炎(p = 0.014)和aps (p = 0.003)的频率更高。年龄越小,皮肤变化和狼疮性肾炎的发生率越高。在老年患者中,发现血脂异常、高血压、骨质疏松、胃炎和心脏受累有显著相关性。结论:在我们对sle患者的研究中,ss和相关肿瘤在女性中更常见,而在男性中血管炎和aps更常见。狼疮肾炎和皮肤变化在年龄较小的男女患者中更常见。在老年患者中,更容易发生血脂异常、高血压、心脏受累、骨质疏松和胃炎。为了更好地了解这个问题,有必要对更多的患者进行检查并长期监测。
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引用次数: 0
Pubic symphysis diastasis in twin pregnancy 双胎妊娠的耻骨联合分离
Pub Date : 2020-12-15 DOI: 10.33004/reumatizam-67-1-5
Egon Kruezi, V. Kosec
Pubic symphysis diastasis is a rare pregnancy complication whose exact incidence is still not known, but it is estimated to be in the range of 1:300 to 1:30,000 pregnancies. it is defined as a distance between the two pubic bones or an interpubic gap greater than 10 mm with typical presentation. typical symptoms of diastasis symphysis are pain in the symphyseal region that radiates to the lower back and thighs, waddling gait, painful movement, reduced mobility, and, rarely, urinary retention. in this case report we present a case of antepartum pubic symphysis diastasis diagnosed by palpation during a pelvic exam in a multiparous woman with a twin pregnancy. The patient had an uneventful previous antenatal period; at a routine follow-up she reported symphyseal pain over a longer period with exacerbation in the previous three weeks, in addition to difficulty walking and staying in an upright position. on manual palpation a 10-mm interpubic gap was found and the patient was hospitalized. in view of the twin pregnancy and pubic symphysis diastasis it was decided that a cesarean section was the appropriate mode of delivery. a postoperative pelvic X-ray showed an interpubic gap of 14 mm. With regard to the simplicity and reliability of manual palpation in cases of suspected pubic symphysis diastasis, implementing palpation of the pubis in regular obstetrical practice would enable early recognition, immediate treatment, and a better outcome in the long term. also, as there are no evidence-based guidelines considering antepartum pubic symphysis diastasis and each case is approached individually, a comprehensive investigation of this condition is needed in order to achieve standardization of practice.
耻骨联合分离是一种罕见的妊娠并发症,其确切发生率尚不清楚,但据估计,其发生率在妊娠1:300至1:30000之间。它被定义为两个耻骨之间的距离或具有典型表现的大于10mm的耻骨间间隙。联合分离的典型症状是辐射到下背部和大腿的联合区疼痛、步态蹒跚、运动疼痛、活动能力下降,以及罕见的尿潴留。在这个病例报告中,我们提出了一个产前耻骨联合分离的病例,通过在骨盆检查中的触诊诊断为一个双胞胎怀孕的多胎妇女。该患者在前一次产前检查中表现平平;在一次例行随访中,她报告说,除了行走和保持直立姿势困难外,症状疼痛持续时间更长,在前三周加剧。在手动触诊时发现一个10毫米的耻骨间隙,患者住院治疗。考虑到双胎妊娠和耻骨联合分离,决定剖宫产是合适的分娩方式。术后骨盆X光片显示耻骨间间隙为14mm。考虑到在疑似耻骨联合分离的情况下手动触诊的简单性和可靠性,在常规产科实践中实施耻骨触诊将使早期识别、立即治疗和长期更好的结果成为可能。此外,由于没有基于证据的指南来考虑产前耻骨联合分离,并且每个病例都是单独处理的,因此需要对这种情况进行全面调查,以实现实践的标准化。
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引用次数: 0
ULTRASOUND EVALUATION OF THE ANKLE JOINTS AND TENDONS IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOS 系统性红斑狼疮踝关节和肌腱的超声评价
Pub Date : 2020-12-12 DOI: 10.33004/reumatizam-66-2-8
Smiljanić Tomičević, Darija Čubelić, M. Mayer, B. Anić
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with musculoskeletal involvement as one of the most common clinical manifestations. High-resolution ultrasound (US) has been proven to be a useful diagnostic tool for the evaluation of joints and tendons in the majority of inflammatory rheumatic diseases. The aim of this study is to assess the frequency of ankle joint and tendon involvement in SLE patients with the use of US, and correlate the findings with the physical examination, laboratory tests, and disease activity scores. Here we will show preliminary results of the survey in the first 10 out of 60 included patients. Ten consecutive SLE patients were enrolled in the study and underwent clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, and bilateral high-resolution US on the same day. Gray-scale and power Doppler (PD) US were performed for imaging of the talocrural (TC) and subtalar joints (ST), ankle tendons, second and third metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints, second and third proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints, second and third metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints, and wrists. A total of 180 joints and 200 tendons were examined. Preliminary results showed US-detected inflammatory joint abnormalities in 7/10 (70%) patients and tendon involvement in 1/10 (10%). Both the MTP and TC joints were affected in 60% of the patients, MCP joints in 50%, ST in 40%, wrists in 30%, and PIP joints in 10% of the patients. The most prevalent pathological US finding was joint effusion, less frequently synovial hypertrophy, while a positive PD signal was rarely detected. Effusion in the TC joints was present in 60% of the patients, synovial hypertrophy in 40%, and a positive PD in 10%. As many as 62.5% of the patients without inflammatory joint symptoms had pathological US findings in the ankle joints. The results showed a high prevalence of US-verified inflammatory joint changes in SLE patients. Surprisingly, the MTP and ankle joints were most commonly affected. Additionally, a great number of asymptomatic patients also had pathological US findings in the ankle joints.
系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病,以肌肉骨骼受累为最常见的临床表现之一。高分辨率超声(US)已被证明是一种有用的诊断工具,用于评估关节和肌腱在大多数炎症性风湿病。本研究的目的是评估使用US的SLE患者踝关节和肌腱受累的频率,并将结果与体格检查、实验室检查和疾病活动评分相关联。在这里,我们将展示60名纳入患者中的前10名的初步调查结果。连续10例SLE患者被纳入研究,并在同一天接受临床评估、实验室检查和双侧高分辨率超声检查。灰度和功率多普勒(PD) US对距骨(TC)和距下关节(ST)、踝关节、第二和第三掌指关节(MCP)、第二和第三近端指间关节(PIP)、第二和第三跖指关节(MTP)和手腕进行成像。共检查了180个关节和200个肌腱。初步结果显示,7/10(70%)患者us检测到炎性关节异常,1/10(10%)患者肌腱受累。60%的患者MTP和TC关节均受影响,50%的患者MCP关节受影响,40%的患者ST受影响,30%的患者手腕受影响,10%的患者PIP关节受影响。最常见的病理US发现是关节积液,较少出现滑膜肥大,而PD阳性信号很少被检测到。60%的患者TC关节积液,40%的患者滑膜肥大,10%的患者PD阳性。在无关节炎症症状的患者中,高达62.5%的患者在踝关节有病理性超声表现。结果显示,美国证实的SLE患者炎性关节改变的患病率很高。令人惊讶的是,MTP和踝关节最常受到影响。此外,大量无症状患者在踝关节也有病理性的US表现。
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引用次数: 0
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Reumatizam
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