{"title":"Introducing social policy","authors":"H. Bochel, G. Daly","doi":"10.4324/9780429244681-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429244681-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76545,"journal":{"name":"Social policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48351750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-08DOI: 10.4324/9780429244681-26
Jonathan Hobson, Harry Cowen
This thoroughly revised and expanded new edition provides a comprehensive introduction to contemporary social policy and addresses its historical, theoretical and contextual foundations as well as contemporary policy issues relating to health, education and welfare as well as the impact of Brexit. Divided into four parts, it opens with a survey of the socio-economic, political and governmental contexts within which social policy operates, before moving on to look at the historical development of the subject. The third section examines contemporary aspects of providing welfare, whilst the final part covers European and wider international developments. The text explores the major topics and areas in contemporary social policy, for example: work and welfare; education; adult health and social care; children and families; crime and criminal justice; health; housing; race; disability; social care; and includes new chapters on class as well as comparative social policy. Issues are addressed throughout in a lively and accessible style, and examples are richly illustrated to encourage the student to engage with theory and content and to help highlight the relevance of social policy in our understanding of modern society. It is packed with features including ‘Spotlight’ ‘Discussion and review’ and ‘Controversy and debate’ boxes, as well as further readings and recommended websites. A comprehensive glossary also provides explanations of key terms and abbreviations. This is an essential textbook for undergraduate students taking courses in social policy and related subjects such as criminology, health studies, politics, sociology, nursing, youth and social work. The objectives of this Chapter are: • To outline the history of the European Union and the key stages of legislation that have been part of its development. • To examine the different structures and processes of the European Union, and the ways in which citizens, states and politicians contribute to the decision-making processes. • To assess some of the challenges that the European Union faces, including the threat of the eurozone crisis and issues with nationalism and Euroscepticism. • To evaluate some of the key areas of social policy in which the European Union is involved.
{"title":"The European Union and social policy","authors":"Jonathan Hobson, Harry Cowen","doi":"10.4324/9780429244681-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429244681-26","url":null,"abstract":"This thoroughly revised and expanded new edition provides a comprehensive introduction to contemporary social policy and addresses its historical, theoretical and contextual foundations as well as contemporary policy issues relating to health, education and welfare as well as the impact of Brexit. \u0000 \u0000Divided into four parts, it opens with a survey of the socio-economic, political and governmental contexts within which social policy operates, before moving on to look at the historical development of the subject. The third section examines contemporary aspects of providing welfare, whilst the final part covers European and wider international developments. The text explores the major topics and areas in contemporary social policy, for example: \u0000 \u0000work and welfare; \u0000education; \u0000adult health and social care; \u0000children and families; \u0000crime and criminal justice; \u0000health; \u0000housing; \u0000race; \u0000disability; \u0000social care; \u0000and includes new chapters on class as well as comparative social policy. \u0000Issues are addressed throughout in a lively and accessible style, and examples are richly illustrated to encourage the student to engage with theory and content and to help highlight the relevance of social policy in our understanding of modern society. It is packed with features including ‘Spotlight’ ‘Discussion and review’ and ‘Controversy and debate’ boxes, as well as further readings and recommended websites. A comprehensive glossary also provides explanations of key terms and abbreviations. \u0000 \u0000This is an essential textbook for undergraduate students taking courses in social policy and related subjects such as criminology, health studies, politics, sociology, nursing, youth and social work. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000The objectives of this Chapter are: \u0000 \u0000• To outline the history of the European Union and the key stages of legislation that have been part of its development. \u0000• To examine the different structures and processes of the European Union, and the ways in which citizens, states and politicians contribute to the decision-making processes. \u0000• To assess some of the challenges that the European Union faces, including the threat of the eurozone crisis and issues with nationalism and Euroscepticism. \u0000• To evaluate some of the key areas of social policy in which the European Union is involved.","PeriodicalId":76545,"journal":{"name":"Social policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48670217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01Epub Date: 2019-09-24DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2019.1668217
Ebrahem M Eid, Kamal H Shaltout, Saad A M Alamri, Nasser A Sewelam, Tarek M Galal, Eid I Brima
The present study aims to develop prediction models for estimating the potential uptake of 10 heavy metals (HMs) (cadmium, Cd; cobalt, Co; chromium, Cr; copper, Cu; iron, Fe; manganese, Mn; molybdenum, Mo; nickel, Ni; lead, Pb; zinc, Zn) by the tissues of Pisum sativum (root, shoot and pod) grown in soil amended with sewage sludge (SS) under greenhouse conditions. Soil organic matter (OM) was estimated by loss-on-ignition at 550 °C for 2 h. The pH was determined by shaking the soil and pure water at a 1:5 ratio. For HM quantifications, 0.5-1.0 g of each soil or plant sample was digested using a tri-acid mixture digestion method. The quantities of selected HMs were estimated by means of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Bio-concentration (BCF) and translocation (TF) factors were <1 for most of the HMs. In addition, simple linear correlations were significantly negative between the BCF of all studied HMs and soil pH, except for Pb, Mn and Ni, whereas significant positive correlations were observed between BCFs and soil OM, except for Mn, Ni and Zn. The accumulation of the 10 HMs in P. sativum tissues was predicted using regression models based on the values of the same HM in the soil as well as its pH and OM. The calculated prediction models performed well for most HMs in P. sativum tissues (except Ni in the pod, Cd in the shoot and Mn in the root). All measured soil factors (HM, pH and OM) consistently contributed to HM concentrations in the three tissues of the studied plants. These models may help to evaluate the safe cultivation of this species in soil amended with SS.
本研究旨在开发预测模型，用于估算温室条件下生长在污水污泥（SS）改良土壤中的豌豆（根、芽和荚）组织对 10 种重金属（镉、钴、铬、铜、铁、锰、钼、镍、铅、锌）的潜在吸收量。土壤有机质（OM）是通过在 550 °C 下点火损失 2 小时来估算的。为了量化 HM，采用三酸混合消化法消化每个土壤或植物样本 0.5-1.0 克。采用电感耦合等离子体光发射光谱法估算选定 HMs 的数量。根据土壤中相同 HM 的值及其 pH 值和 OM 值，利用回归模型预测了 P. sativum 组织中的生物浓缩系数（BCF）和易位系数（TF）。计算得出的预测模型对大部分 HMs 在 P. sativum 组织中的表现良好（荚果中的镍、芽中的镉和根中的锰除外）。所有测得的土壤因子（HM、pH 值和 OM 值）都对所研究植物的三种组织中的 HM 浓度有一致的影响。这些模型可能有助于评估该物种在添加 SS 的土壤中的安全栽培。
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Pub Date : 2019-05-10DOI: 10.4324/9781315819136-15
B. Harris
This chapter provides a historical overview of the development of social policy in the constituent parts of the United Kingdom from the early-nineteenth century to the end of the Second World War. It is a revised and slightly-expanded version of a chapter which appeared in the previous edition of the same volume.
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