Stomatologie der DDR最新文献

Results of investigations with endoscopy optics for dental microdiagnostic are reported. Submicroscopical structures of 10 microns can be identificated on definated test objects. Investigations of extracted teeth using endoscopy optics show the advantages for the necessary microdiagnostic.

Using the DMF/T, GPM/T and CPITN-index systems, the numerical evaluation method according to Eismann and measuring the occlusal contact areas in static occlusion in 101 orthodontically treated adolescents and young adults the effect of complex preventive and therapeutic programs was studied. The used parameters allow to characterize oral health status. After completing the orthodontical treatment there is a need to continue preventive programmes and therapeutic interventions in adults to reach stable oral health conditions.

The maintenance care of periodontal treated patients is the necessary prerequisite for the individual long-life tooth preservation. The recall interval derives from the recidivity, the compliance of the patient, and from the individual disposition. The use of a self-developed data-bank-system relieve evaluation and processing of the extensive data which will be raised site-specific in the recall session. It will be given some directions to the content of the periodontal maintenance care.

Local factors may contribute to acute exacerbations of the periodontal disease, however, their pathological basis is systemically established. The more bacteria and bacterial products get into the periodontal tissue the more serious is destruction. Host's resistance controls composition of the subepithelial bacterial flora. Under condition of defective phagocyte function bacteria, otherwise occurring rarely in the pocket, multiply quickly and penetrate the periodontal pocket epithelium. Specific immune defence can stop them only in the subepithelial conjunctive tissue causing its destruction. Juvenile periodontitis goes with defects of granulocyte function and an aggressive pocket flora. These patients need antibiotics taken systematically, removing of the infected pocket epithelium and regular recalls. Care of patients with adult periodontitis is limited to good oral hygiene.

In a cross-sectional study the contents of phosphate and calcium in stimulated resting whole saliva of persons with high resp. low caries prevalence were examined. In the saliva of persons with a low cares experience significantly higher phosphate--and calcium--concentrations could be found.

Incipient dental caries at the stage of demineralization is reversible, and remineralization can be achieved by the help of locally applied fluorides. In crystalchemical experiments, however by treating natural apatites with lanthanides Ce, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb...Y, Sc, a more resistant complex could be developed. In this study extracted human molar teeth were kept for 60 days in Cerium (III)-nitrate solution, in order to investigate the incorporation of Ce3+ into human sound and carious enamel by light-microscopic-, and electronmicroprobe methods. Ce3+ was incorporated in sound enamel as well as into the incipient carious lesions, showing the histological characteristics of a remineralizing lesion. The mean values of the microprobe analysis data showed an increase in Ce3+ changing place with the Ca2+, the developing cerium-apatite being more hard an resistant from a mineralo-physical point of view.

Clinical-epidemiological screening procedures of periodontal conditions, which support on presence or absence of gingival bleeding or periodontal pockets, underestimate the severity of periodontal disease and do not reflect disease changes. The attachment level index might be a useful adjunctive tool for characterizing the pattern of severity as well as disease changes.

On the basic of a literature review Black's rules of cavity preparations are discussed. In the summary it suggested that the rules are valuable to discuss, but new perceptions had modified them. The contemporary cavity preparations saved the teeth structures and payed regard to the properties of filling materials.

We investigated 322 patients, 20 and 40 old to find connections between the occurrence and localisation of facets, malocclusion and dynamic occlusion and estimated special aspects of periodontal reactions. The symptoms "anterior crowding", "increased overbite and overjet" didn't effect an increasing of frequency of facets in comparison with eugnathic denture. We found, that the facets decreased in lateral segments if the overbite became deeper and on the other hand number of facets increased with advancing years. The localisation of facets and occlusal guidance of dynamic occlusion coincided only in one third of investigated cases. Balancing and hyperbalancing teeth showed frequent facets. There was a direct relationship between increasing frequency and intensity of gingival retraction and the level of the abrasion of the hard tooth substance.

The influence of age, inflammation intensity, tooth surface quality (caries, fillings), as well as mucogingival conditions on the loss of attachment was examined in 2000 probands. The loss of attachment was subdivided into periodontal pocket-formation and recessions. Determining cause is not the age but the inflammatory degree even if there is a significant increase of the attachment loss from age group to age group. The main part of the attachment loss increasing with advancing age is caused by recession development. Then, the individual dispersion is very high. Incorrect restorations, caries but also correct fillings increase periodontal disease. Mucogingival conditions show importance only in extreme case. There are less inflammations with pocket-formation than recessions. A preventive oriented basic care of the population is necessary to reduce irreversible damages of the periodontium.