Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000635
Eleni Dimakopoulou, Theodoros M Bampouras, Georgia Katsardi, Georgios Tavoulareas, Maria Karydaki, Maria Theodorelou, Panagiota Zoi, Paraskevi Sakka
Background: Carers of people with dementia manually handle the care recipients (eg, repetitive lifting, transferring, and pulling) as part of the care service, increasing the musculoskeletal injury risk to themselves.
Objective: We aimed to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries among informal and formal carers of people with dementia and the perceived associated risk factors.
Methods: Primary carers of people with dementia (26 males and 141 females) from Dementia Care Centers and Home Care programs completed a questionnaire providing information about (a) the carers' and their care recipients' characteristics, (b) musculoskeletal symptoms (via the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire) and related aspects, and (c) the caregiving activities exposing the carers to risk of musculoskeletal injury.
Results: Our results showed that 69.7% of informal and 86.7% of formal carers reported having more than 1 musculoskeletal injury, while 63.1% and 61.5%, respectively, reported having a musculoskeletal injury in the last year. Lower back had the highest injury prevalence (>10% for both groups). The 2 carer groups were not different in any of the variables.
Conclusions: Our results reinforce calls for education and support of carers, regardless of their formal status, to enable injury-free and prolonged service provision.
{"title":"Exploring Musculoskeletal Injuries Among Informal and Formal Carers of People With Dementia.","authors":"Eleni Dimakopoulou, Theodoros M Bampouras, Georgia Katsardi, Georgios Tavoulareas, Maria Karydaki, Maria Theodorelou, Panagiota Zoi, Paraskevi Sakka","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000635","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000635","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Carers of people with dementia manually handle the care recipients (eg, repetitive lifting, transferring, and pulling) as part of the care service, increasing the musculoskeletal injury risk to themselves.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries among informal and formal carers of people with dementia and the perceived associated risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Primary carers of people with dementia (26 males and 141 females) from Dementia Care Centers and Home Care programs completed a questionnaire providing information about (a) the carers' and their care recipients' characteristics, (b) musculoskeletal symptoms (via the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire) and related aspects, and (c) the caregiving activities exposing the carers to risk of musculoskeletal injury.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results showed that 69.7% of informal and 86.7% of formal carers reported having more than 1 musculoskeletal injury, while 63.1% and 61.5%, respectively, reported having a musculoskeletal injury in the last year. Lower back had the highest injury prevalence (>10% for both groups). The 2 carer groups were not different in any of the variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results reinforce calls for education and support of carers, regardless of their formal status, to enable injury-free and prolonged service provision.</p>","PeriodicalId":7679,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141900685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000629
Sara M Moorman, Saber Khani
Introduction: Formal educational attainment, or years of schooling, has a well-established positive effect on cognitive health across the life course. We hypothesized that the content and difficulty of the curriculum influence this relationship, such that more challenging curricula in high school lead to higher levels of socioeconomic attainment in adulthood and, in turn, to better cognitive outcomes in older adulthood.
Methods: We estimated multilevel structural equation models (MSEMs) in data from 2,405 individuals who attended one of 1,312 US high schools in 1960 and participated in the Project Talent Aging Study in 2018.
Results: A college preparatory curriculum and a greater number of semesters of math and science in high school were positively related to word recall and verbal fluency at an average age of 75. Effects were robust to controlling for adolescent cognitive ability, academic performance, socioeconomic background, and school characteristics.
Discussion: We discuss the implications of these findings for educational policy.
{"title":"High School Curriculum and Cognitive Function in the Eighth Decade of Life.","authors":"Sara M Moorman, Saber Khani","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000629","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Formal educational attainment, or years of schooling, has a well-established positive effect on cognitive health across the life course. We hypothesized that the content and difficulty of the curriculum influence this relationship, such that more challenging curricula in high school lead to higher levels of socioeconomic attainment in adulthood and, in turn, to better cognitive outcomes in older adulthood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We estimated multilevel structural equation models (MSEMs) in data from 2,405 individuals who attended one of 1,312 US high schools in 1960 and participated in the Project Talent Aging Study in 2018.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A college preparatory curriculum and a greater number of semesters of math and science in high school were positively related to word recall and verbal fluency at an average age of 75. Effects were robust to controlling for adolescent cognitive ability, academic performance, socioeconomic background, and school characteristics.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>We discuss the implications of these findings for educational policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7679,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141900627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000633
Carly A Bretecher, Ashley Verot, James M Teschuk, Maria A Uehara, Paul B Fitzgerald, Lisa Koski, Brian J Lithgow, Zahra Moussavi
Attrition is a particular concern in studies examining the efficacy of a treatment for Alzheimer disease. Analyzing reasons for withdrawal in Alzheimer studies is crucial to ruling out attrition bias, which can undermine a study's validity. In contrast, attrition in studies using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has received much less attention. Our goal was to identify any commonalities between participants who withdrew for the same reasons. Three independent coders rated each response concerning the reasons for withdrawal, and frequency tables were generated to characterize the participants within each category. This study was conducted on the 28 withdrawn cases from a 7-month study investigating the short-term and long-term therapeutic effects of rTMS for Alzheimer disease among 156 participants across 3 sites of the study. Seven reasons for withdrawal were identified, with health and medical changes being the most commonly reported reason (7 participants). Personal issues involving family or caregivers were the next most common (5 participants), and the remaining 5 categories consisted of 3 participants each. Although the limited sample size prevented the use of inferential statistics, our findings highlight the need for more transparent reporting of attrition rates and withdrawal reasons by rTMS researchers.
{"title":"Quantitative Analysis of Factors of Attrition in a Double-blind rTMS Study for Alzheimer Treatment.","authors":"Carly A Bretecher, Ashley Verot, James M Teschuk, Maria A Uehara, Paul B Fitzgerald, Lisa Koski, Brian J Lithgow, Zahra Moussavi","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000633","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attrition is a particular concern in studies examining the efficacy of a treatment for Alzheimer disease. Analyzing reasons for withdrawal in Alzheimer studies is crucial to ruling out attrition bias, which can undermine a study's validity. In contrast, attrition in studies using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has received much less attention. Our goal was to identify any commonalities between participants who withdrew for the same reasons. Three independent coders rated each response concerning the reasons for withdrawal, and frequency tables were generated to characterize the participants within each category. This study was conducted on the 28 withdrawn cases from a 7-month study investigating the short-term and long-term therapeutic effects of rTMS for Alzheimer disease among 156 participants across 3 sites of the study. Seven reasons for withdrawal were identified, with health and medical changes being the most commonly reported reason (7 participants). Personal issues involving family or caregivers were the next most common (5 participants), and the remaining 5 categories consisted of 3 participants each. Although the limited sample size prevented the use of inferential statistics, our findings highlight the need for more transparent reporting of attrition rates and withdrawal reasons by rTMS researchers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7679,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141900628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-08-05DOI: 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000639
Min Qian, Jeffrey Motter, Emily Deehan, Jamie Graff, Alisa Adhikari, P Murali Doraiswamy, Terry E Goldberg, Devangere P Devanand
Objective: Cognitive training may benefit older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), but the prognostic factors are not well-established.
Methods: This study analyzed data from a 78-week trial with 107 participants with MCI, comparing computerized cognitive training (CCT) and computerized crossword puzzle training (CPT). Outcomes were changes in cognitive and functional measures from baseline. Linear mixed-effect models were used to identify prognostic factors for each intervention.
Results: Baseline neuropsychological composite z-score was positively associated with cognitive and functional improvements for both interventions in univariable models, retaining significance in the final multivariable model for functional outcome in CPT ( P < 0.001). Apolipoprotein E e4 carriers had worse cognitive ( P = 0.023) and functional ( P = 0.001) outcomes than noncarriers for CPT but not CCT. African Americans showed greater functional improvements than non-African Americans in both CPT ( P = 0.001) and CCT ( P = 0.010). Better baseline odor identification was correlated with cognitive improvements in CPT ( P = 0.006) and functional improvements in CCT ( P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Baseline cognitive test performance, African American background, and odor identification ability are potential prognostic factors for improved outcomes with cognitive interventions in older adults with MCI. Apolipoprotein E e4 is associated with poor outcomes. Replication of these findings may improve the selection of cognitive interventions for individuals with MCI.
{"title":"Predictors of Improvement after Cognitive Training in Mild Cognitive Impairment: Insights from the Cognitive Training and Neuroplasticity in Mild Cognitive Impairment Trial.","authors":"Min Qian, Jeffrey Motter, Emily Deehan, Jamie Graff, Alisa Adhikari, P Murali Doraiswamy, Terry E Goldberg, Devangere P Devanand","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000639","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cognitive training may benefit older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), but the prognostic factors are not well-established.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed data from a 78-week trial with 107 participants with MCI, comparing computerized cognitive training (CCT) and computerized crossword puzzle training (CPT). Outcomes were changes in cognitive and functional measures from baseline. Linear mixed-effect models were used to identify prognostic factors for each intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline neuropsychological composite z-score was positively associated with cognitive and functional improvements for both interventions in univariable models, retaining significance in the final multivariable model for functional outcome in CPT ( P < 0.001). Apolipoprotein E e4 carriers had worse cognitive ( P = 0.023) and functional ( P = 0.001) outcomes than noncarriers for CPT but not CCT. African Americans showed greater functional improvements than non-African Americans in both CPT ( P = 0.001) and CCT ( P = 0.010). Better baseline odor identification was correlated with cognitive improvements in CPT ( P = 0.006) and functional improvements in CCT ( P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Baseline cognitive test performance, African American background, and odor identification ability are potential prognostic factors for improved outcomes with cognitive interventions in older adults with MCI. Apolipoprotein E e4 is associated with poor outcomes. Replication of these findings may improve the selection of cognitive interventions for individuals with MCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":7679,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141888263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000640
Giorgio Guido, Alberto Bonato, Samuele Bonomi, Simone Franceschini, John C Morris
Handedness has been a topic of scientific interest for many years. However, false and misleading ideas have dominated this field with a still limited amount of research into the association with clinical disorders like Alzheimer disease (AD). In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies regarding the association of handedness and AD. Twelve articles were included. Case-control studies show that left-handedness is not a risk factor for late-onset AD (LOAD). However, nonright handedness was found to be more prevalent in patients with early-onset AD (EOAD). Moreover, handedness does not seem to affect neuropsychological performance. We also show that collapsing versus separating mixed and left-handedness may yield different results. Future research on the relation between handedness and AD may provide new insight into disease pathogenesis, improve rehabilitation, and help identify patients who will progress, aiding the design of prevention trials.
{"title":"Handedness in Alzheimer Disease: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Giorgio Guido, Alberto Bonato, Samuele Bonomi, Simone Franceschini, John C Morris","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/WAD.0000000000000640","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Handedness has been a topic of scientific interest for many years. However, false and misleading ideas have dominated this field with a still limited amount of research into the association with clinical disorders like Alzheimer disease (AD). In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies regarding the association of handedness and AD. Twelve articles were included. Case-control studies show that left-handedness is not a risk factor for late-onset AD (LOAD). However, nonright handedness was found to be more prevalent in patients with early-onset AD (EOAD). Moreover, handedness does not seem to affect neuropsychological performance. We also show that collapsing versus separating mixed and left-handedness may yield different results. Future research on the relation between handedness and AD may provide new insight into disease pathogenesis, improve rehabilitation, and help identify patients who will progress, aiding the design of prevention trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":7679,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142034971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2024-08-23DOI: 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000636
Andrzej Bożek, Robert Pawłowicz, Aleksandra Spyra, Natalia Tekiela, Martyna Miodonska, Alicja Grzanka
Alzheimer disease and allergic diseases are common health problems. The aim of the study was to check the hypothesis that older patients with IgE-mediated allergies have a higher prevalence of Alzheimer disease. It was a retrospective, multicenter cohort observation. In total, 7129 people were examined, including 3566 women and 2558 men (mean 64.9±6.9 y). The diagnosis of Alzheimer disease is based on the ICD-10 code and appropriate medical documentation. The proportion of patients with confirmed Alzheimer disease in the group of patients with diagnosed allergy compared to the group of those without allergy was as follows: 13.9% (168) versus 8.2% (484) with P=0.001. There was a positive correlation between the presence of Alzheimer disease and high serum total IgE, eosinophilia, and asthma or the presence of atopic polymorphic disease (P<0.05). IgE-dependent allergic diseases, in particular allergic asthma, and the presence of high serum IgE levels may favor the development of Alzheimer disease.
{"title":"Frequent Occurrence of Alzheimer Disease in Patients With IgE-mediated Allergies.","authors":"Andrzej Bożek, Robert Pawłowicz, Aleksandra Spyra, Natalia Tekiela, Martyna Miodonska, Alicja Grzanka","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000636","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer disease and allergic diseases are common health problems. The aim of the study was to check the hypothesis that older patients with IgE-mediated allergies have a higher prevalence of Alzheimer disease. It was a retrospective, multicenter cohort observation. In total, 7129 people were examined, including 3566 women and 2558 men (mean 64.9±6.9 y). The diagnosis of Alzheimer disease is based on the ICD-10 code and appropriate medical documentation. The proportion of patients with confirmed Alzheimer disease in the group of patients with diagnosed allergy compared to the group of those without allergy was as follows: 13.9% (168) versus 8.2% (484) with P=0.001. There was a positive correlation between the presence of Alzheimer disease and high serum total IgE, eosinophilia, and asthma or the presence of atopic polymorphic disease (P<0.05). IgE-dependent allergic diseases, in particular allergic asthma, and the presence of high serum IgE levels may favor the development of Alzheimer disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":7679,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142034900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2024-05-16DOI: 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000623
Arsalan Haghdel, Natasha Smith, Lidia Glodzik, Yi Li, Xiuyuan Wang, Tamara Crowder, Yuan-Shan Zhu, Tracy Butler, Kaj Blennow, Laura Beth McIntire, Silky Pahlajani, Joseph Osborne, Gloria Chiang, Mony de Leon, Jana Ivanidze
Background: Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction is emerging as an important pathophysiologic factor in Alzheimer disease (AD). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFRβ) is a biomarker of BBB pericyte injury and has been implicated in cognitive impairment and AD.
Methods: We aimed to study CSF PDGFRβ protein levels, along with CSF biomarkers of brain amyloidosis and tau pathology in a well-characterized population of cognitively unimpaired individuals and correlated CSF findings with amyloid-PET positivity. We performed an institutional review board (IRB)-approved cross-sectional analysis of a prospectively enrolled cohort of 36 cognitively normal volunteers with available CSF, Pittsburgh compound B PET/CT, Mini-Mental State Exam score, Global Deterioration Scale, and known apolipoprotein E ( APOE ) ε4 status.
Results: Thirty-six subjects were included. Mean age was 63.3 years; 31 of 36 were female, 6 of 36 were amyloid-PET-positive and 12 of 36 were APOE ε4 carriers. We found a moderate positive correlation between CSF PDGFRβ and both total Tau (r=0.45, P =0.006) and phosphorylated Tau 181 (r=0.51, P =0.002). CSF PDGFRβ levels were not associated with either the CSF Aβ42 or the amyloid-PET.
Conclusions: We demonstrated a moderate positive correlation between PDGFRβ and both total Tau and phosphorylated Tau 181 in cognitively normal individuals. Our data support the hypothesis that BBB dysfunction represents an important early pathophysiologic step in AD, warranting larger prospective studies.
{"title":"Evidence of Pericyte Damage in a Cognitively Normal Cohort: Association With CSF and PET Biomarkers of Alzheimer Disease.","authors":"Arsalan Haghdel, Natasha Smith, Lidia Glodzik, Yi Li, Xiuyuan Wang, Tamara Crowder, Yuan-Shan Zhu, Tracy Butler, Kaj Blennow, Laura Beth McIntire, Silky Pahlajani, Joseph Osborne, Gloria Chiang, Mony de Leon, Jana Ivanidze","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000623","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction is emerging as an important pathophysiologic factor in Alzheimer disease (AD). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFRβ) is a biomarker of BBB pericyte injury and has been implicated in cognitive impairment and AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We aimed to study CSF PDGFRβ protein levels, along with CSF biomarkers of brain amyloidosis and tau pathology in a well-characterized population of cognitively unimpaired individuals and correlated CSF findings with amyloid-PET positivity. We performed an institutional review board (IRB)-approved cross-sectional analysis of a prospectively enrolled cohort of 36 cognitively normal volunteers with available CSF, Pittsburgh compound B PET/CT, Mini-Mental State Exam score, Global Deterioration Scale, and known apolipoprotein E ( APOE ) ε4 status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-six subjects were included. Mean age was 63.3 years; 31 of 36 were female, 6 of 36 were amyloid-PET-positive and 12 of 36 were APOE ε4 carriers. We found a moderate positive correlation between CSF PDGFRβ and both total Tau (r=0.45, P =0.006) and phosphorylated Tau 181 (r=0.51, P =0.002). CSF PDGFRβ levels were not associated with either the CSF Aβ42 or the amyloid-PET.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We demonstrated a moderate positive correlation between PDGFRβ and both total Tau and phosphorylated Tau 181 in cognitively normal individuals. Our data support the hypothesis that BBB dysfunction represents an important early pathophysiologic step in AD, warranting larger prospective studies.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00094939.</p>","PeriodicalId":7679,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11132093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140943497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2024-05-17DOI: 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000622
Peter Morin, Byron J Aguilar, Dan Berlowitz, Raymond Zhang, Amir Abbas Tahami Monfared, Quanwu Zhang, Weiming Xia
Purpose: We aimed to examine the clinical characteristics of US veterans who underwent neurocognitive test score-based assessments of Alzheimer disease (AD) stage in the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System (VAHS).
Methods: Test dates for specific stages of AD were referenced as index dates to study behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and other patient characteristics related to utilization/work-up and time to death.
Patients: We identified veterans with AD and neurocognitive evaluations using the VAHS Electronic Health Record (EHR).
Results: Anxiety and sleep disorders/disturbances were the most documented BPSDs across all AD severity stages. Magnetic resonance imaging, neurology and psychiatry consultations, and neuropsychiatric evaluations were slightly higher in veterans with mild AD than in those at later stages. The overall average time to death from the first AD severity record was 5 years for mild and 4 years for moderate/severe AD.
Conclusion: We found differences in clinical symptoms, healthcare utilization, and survival among the mild, moderate, and severe stages of AD. These differences are limited by the low documentation of BPSDs among veterans with test score-based AD stages. These data support the hypothesis that our cohorts represent coherent subgroups of patients with AD based on disease severity.
目的:我们旨在研究在退伍军人事务医疗保健系统(VAHS)中接受基于神经认知测试评分的阿尔茨海默病(AD)分期评估的美国退伍军人的临床特征:以AD特定阶段的测试日期为索引日期,研究痴呆症的行为和心理症状(BPSD)以及与使用/工作和死亡时间相关的其他患者特征:我们通过退伍军人医疗服务系统的电子健康记录(EHR)确定了患有痴呆症并接受过神经认知评估的退伍军人:焦虑和睡眠障碍/紊乱是所有AD严重程度阶段中记录最多的BPSD。轻度AD退伍军人的磁共振成像、神经内科和精神病学咨询以及神经精神病学评估略高于晚期AD退伍军人。从首次AD严重程度记录到死亡的总体平均时间,轻度AD患者为5年,中度/重度AD患者为4年:结论:我们发现轻度、中度和重度 AD 患者在临床症状、医疗保健利用率和存活率方面存在差异。这些差异受到基于测试评分的 AD 分期退伍军人中 BPSDs 记录较少的限制。这些数据支持了我们的假设,即我们的队列代表了基于疾病严重程度的AD患者的一致亚组。
{"title":"Clinical Characterization of Veterans With Alzheimer Disease by Disease Severity in the United States.","authors":"Peter Morin, Byron J Aguilar, Dan Berlowitz, Raymond Zhang, Amir Abbas Tahami Monfared, Quanwu Zhang, Weiming Xia","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000622","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We aimed to examine the clinical characteristics of US veterans who underwent neurocognitive test score-based assessments of Alzheimer disease (AD) stage in the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System (VAHS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Test dates for specific stages of AD were referenced as index dates to study behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and other patient characteristics related to utilization/work-up and time to death.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>We identified veterans with AD and neurocognitive evaluations using the VAHS Electronic Health Record (EHR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Anxiety and sleep disorders/disturbances were the most documented BPSDs across all AD severity stages. Magnetic resonance imaging, neurology and psychiatry consultations, and neuropsychiatric evaluations were slightly higher in veterans with mild AD than in those at later stages. The overall average time to death from the first AD severity record was 5 years for mild and 4 years for moderate/severe AD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found differences in clinical symptoms, healthcare utilization, and survival among the mild, moderate, and severe stages of AD. These differences are limited by the low documentation of BPSDs among veterans with test score-based AD stages. These data support the hypothesis that our cohorts represent coherent subgroups of patients with AD based on disease severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":7679,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140955868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2024-04-08DOI: 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000615
Alison Coulson, Clark Benson, Jess Fehland, Kayla Dillon, Kimberly Mueller, Andrea Gilmore-Bykovskyi
Objective: Episodes of lucidity (ELs), characterized by spontaneous, transient recovery of abilities, are reported across neurological conditions, including advanced dementia. Despite the significance of these events, existing research is limited to retrospective reports. Approaches to prospectively capturing and characterizing ELs in dementia are lacking.
Methods: This pilot study determined the feasibility and acceptability of a multifaceted observational protocol to capture, characterize, and validate ELs in individuals with advanced dementia in hospice. Feasibility was measured through enrollment/retention rates, workload/usability assessment of video observation, and data processing procedures to facilitate the measurement of verbal and nonverbal features for EL characterization. The acceptability of observation and informant validation procedures was qualitatively examined with clinician and family caregiver participants.
Results: Study procedures were endorsed as highly acceptable among clinician (N = 49) and caregiver (N = 16) participants, demonstrating higher than anticipated thresholds for observation duration. Enrollment and retention rates for patient participants (N = 6) were 100% and 84%, respectively. Workload and usability measures demonstrated low disruptiveness and high ease of use after training.
Discussion: Longitudinal video observation among individuals with advanced dementia in hospice care for the detection of lucidity was feasible and highly acceptable. Multidimensional, temporal coding of features of ELs is feasible but time-intensive.
{"title":"Feasibility and Acceptability of a Multifaceted Observational Protocol to Investigate Lucidity in Advanced Dementia.","authors":"Alison Coulson, Clark Benson, Jess Fehland, Kayla Dillon, Kimberly Mueller, Andrea Gilmore-Bykovskyi","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000615","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Episodes of lucidity (ELs), characterized by spontaneous, transient recovery of abilities, are reported across neurological conditions, including advanced dementia. Despite the significance of these events, existing research is limited to retrospective reports. Approaches to prospectively capturing and characterizing ELs in dementia are lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This pilot study determined the feasibility and acceptability of a multifaceted observational protocol to capture, characterize, and validate ELs in individuals with advanced dementia in hospice. Feasibility was measured through enrollment/retention rates, workload/usability assessment of video observation, and data processing procedures to facilitate the measurement of verbal and nonverbal features for EL characterization. The acceptability of observation and informant validation procedures was qualitatively examined with clinician and family caregiver participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Study procedures were endorsed as highly acceptable among clinician (N = 49) and caregiver (N = 16) participants, demonstrating higher than anticipated thresholds for observation duration. Enrollment and retention rates for patient participants (N = 6) were 100% and 84%, respectively. Workload and usability measures demonstrated low disruptiveness and high ease of use after training.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Longitudinal video observation among individuals with advanced dementia in hospice care for the detection of lucidity was feasible and highly acceptable. Multidimensional, temporal coding of features of ELs is feasible but time-intensive.</p>","PeriodicalId":7679,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11141205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140861596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01Epub Date: 2024-05-17DOI: 10.1097/WAD.0000000000000627
Anthony Q Briggs, Sakina Ouedraogo Tall, Carolina Boza-Calvo, Mark A Bernard, Omonigho M Bubu, Arjun V Masurkar
Background: We examined drivers of self and study partner reports of memory loss in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from Alzheimer (AD-MCI) and vascular disease (Va-MCI).
Methods: We performed retrospective cross-sectional analyses of participants with AD-MCI (n=2874) and Va-MCI (n=376) from the National Alzheimer Coordinating Center data set. Statistical analysis utilized 2-sided t test or the Fisher exact test.
Results: Compared with AD-MCI, Va-MCI subjects (24.5% vs. 19.7%, P =0.031) and study partners (31.4% vs. 21.6%, P <0.0001) were more likely to deny memory loss. Black/African Americans were disproportionately represented in the group denying memory loss in AD-MCI (20.0% vs. 13.2%, P <0.0001) and Va-MCI (33.7% vs. 18.0%, P =0.0022). Study partners of participants with these features also disproportionately denied memory loss: female (AD-MCI: 60.1% vs. 51.7%, P =0.0002; Va-MCI: 70.3% vs. 52.3%, P =0.0011), Black/African American (AD-MCI: 23.5% vs. 11.98%, P <0.0001; Va-MCI: 48.8% vs. 26.5%, P =0.0002), and <16 years of education (AD-MCI only: 33.9% vs. 16.3%, P =0.0262). In AD-MCI and Va-MCI, participants with anxiety were disproportionately represented in the group endorsing memory loss (AD: 28.2% vs. 17.4%, P <0.0001; Va: 31.5% vs. 16.1%, P =0.0071), with analogous results with depression.
Conclusion: The findings would suggest extra vigilance in interview-based MCI detection of persons at-risk for self-based or informant-based misreport.
背景:我们研究了阿尔茨海默病(AD-MCI)和血管性疾病(Va-MCI)轻度认知障碍(MCI)患者自己和研究伙伴报告记忆力减退的驱动因素:我们研究了阿尔茨海默病(AD-MCI)和血管性疾病(Va-MCI)引起的轻度认知障碍(MCI)中自我和研究伙伴报告记忆力减退的驱动因素:我们对国家阿尔茨海默氏症协调中心数据集中的AD-MCI(n=2874)和Va-MCI(n=376)参与者进行了回顾性横断面分析。统计分析采用双侧 t 检验或费雪精确检验:结果:与AD-MCI相比,Va-MCI受试者(24.5% vs. 19.7%,P=0.031)和研究伙伴(31.4% vs. 21.6%,P=0.031)的警惕性更高:研究结果表明,在基于访谈的 MCI 检测中,应格外警惕自我或信息提供者的误报风险。
{"title":"Drivers of Memory Loss Underreport in Mild Cognitive Impairment Due to Alzheimer Versus Vascular Disease.","authors":"Anthony Q Briggs, Sakina Ouedraogo Tall, Carolina Boza-Calvo, Mark A Bernard, Omonigho M Bubu, Arjun V Masurkar","doi":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000627","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WAD.0000000000000627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We examined drivers of self and study partner reports of memory loss in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from Alzheimer (AD-MCI) and vascular disease (Va-MCI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed retrospective cross-sectional analyses of participants with AD-MCI (n=2874) and Va-MCI (n=376) from the National Alzheimer Coordinating Center data set. Statistical analysis utilized 2-sided t test or the Fisher exact test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with AD-MCI, Va-MCI subjects (24.5% vs. 19.7%, P =0.031) and study partners (31.4% vs. 21.6%, P <0.0001) were more likely to deny memory loss. Black/African Americans were disproportionately represented in the group denying memory loss in AD-MCI (20.0% vs. 13.2%, P <0.0001) and Va-MCI (33.7% vs. 18.0%, P =0.0022). Study partners of participants with these features also disproportionately denied memory loss: female (AD-MCI: 60.1% vs. 51.7%, P =0.0002; Va-MCI: 70.3% vs. 52.3%, P =0.0011), Black/African American (AD-MCI: 23.5% vs. 11.98%, P <0.0001; Va-MCI: 48.8% vs. 26.5%, P =0.0002), and <16 years of education (AD-MCI only: 33.9% vs. 16.3%, P =0.0262). In AD-MCI and Va-MCI, participants with anxiety were disproportionately represented in the group endorsing memory loss (AD: 28.2% vs. 17.4%, P <0.0001; Va: 31.5% vs. 16.1%, P =0.0071), with analogous results with depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings would suggest extra vigilance in interview-based MCI detection of persons at-risk for self-based or informant-based misreport.</p>","PeriodicalId":7679,"journal":{"name":"Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11141209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140955796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}