Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1097/JCE.0000000000000645
Mohammed Hussein Abdullah Mohammed, A. Hamza, Hana M. Barakat, Mohamed O. Khider, Hanan A. Elnour
Computed tomography (CT) is a powerful clinical tool for the diagnosis and management of patients, enabling faster and more accurate diagnosis and the avoidance of interventional surgical techniques. A diagnostic reference level (DRL) is a tool used to aid in optimization of protection in the medical exposure of patients for diagnostic and interventional procedures. It is used in medical imaging with ionizing radiation to indicate whether, in routine conditions, the patient dose or administered activity (amount of radioactive material) from a specified procedure is unusually high or low for that procedure. Radiation dosage variance is one of the topics that arise when dealing with CT devices within medical imaging centers. Diagnostic reference levels have not been established in Sudan. The aim of this study is to propose DRLs for CT of the head for 4 pediatric age groups. The 2 levels that this study covers are volume CT dose index based on a 16-cm phantom (CTDIvol [mGy]) and the dose-length products (DLPs [mGy • cm]). These levels were investigated by conducting a survey to 6 healthcare facilities. The survey consists of questions focused on pediatric exposure parameters, CT protocols, and radiation doses for pediatric age groups <1, 1-5, 5-10, and 10-16 years. For the 4 age groups in the 6 facilities that responded, the mean, 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile values of CTDIvol (mGy) for head CT were for infants (<1 year), 21.2, 14.4, 17.6, and 27.0, respectively; for 1-5 years, 36.5, 15.7, 34.5, and 38.1, respectively; for 5- to 10-year group, the CTDIvol was found to be 40, 15.7, 33.5, and 47.6, respectively, and for the last group of 10-16 years, 41.6, 15.7, 37.4, and 58.3, respectively. The corresponding DLP (mGy • cm) for head CT, the mean, 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile values were as follows: for infants (<1 year), 472.9, 326.9, 385.3, and 545.5, respectively; for 1-5 years, 742.9, 509.1, 689.3, and 902.9, respectively; for 5-10 years, 1,130.4, 501.7, 924.2, and 1,667.4, respectively; for 10-16 years, 1,226.4, 595.4, 870.1, and 1,255.3, respectively. The total mean CTDIvol (mGy) was 38.0, and the total mean DLP (mGy · cm) was 1,001.6. These values have been compared with other values from other similar studies; the summary for these comparisons concluded that the majority of CTDIvol 16-cm phantom and DLP 16-cm phantom values for the head were higher than DRLs reported from other studies in other countries. Therefore, for risk reduction, it is necessary to establish DRLs for pediatric CT in Sudan.
{"title":"Establishing Diagnostic Reference Levels and Radiation Dose for Pediatric Head Age-Based Using Computed Tomography in Khartoum State","authors":"Mohammed Hussein Abdullah Mohammed, A. Hamza, Hana M. Barakat, Mohamed O. Khider, Hanan A. Elnour","doi":"10.1097/JCE.0000000000000645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JCE.0000000000000645","url":null,"abstract":"Computed tomography (CT) is a powerful clinical tool for the diagnosis and management of patients, enabling faster and more accurate diagnosis and the avoidance of interventional surgical techniques. A diagnostic reference level (DRL) is a tool used to aid in optimization of protection in the medical exposure of patients for diagnostic and interventional procedures. It is used in medical imaging with ionizing radiation to indicate whether, in routine conditions, the patient dose or administered activity (amount of radioactive material) from a specified procedure is unusually high or low for that procedure. Radiation dosage variance is one of the topics that arise when dealing with CT devices within medical imaging centers. Diagnostic reference levels have not been established in Sudan. The aim of this study is to propose DRLs for CT of the head for 4 pediatric age groups. The 2 levels that this study covers are volume CT dose index based on a 16-cm phantom (CTDIvol [mGy]) and the dose-length products (DLPs [mGy • cm]). These levels were investigated by conducting a survey to 6 healthcare facilities. The survey consists of questions focused on pediatric exposure parameters, CT protocols, and radiation doses for pediatric age groups <1, 1-5, 5-10, and 10-16 years. For the 4 age groups in the 6 facilities that responded, the mean, 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile values of CTDIvol (mGy) for head CT were for infants (<1 year), 21.2, 14.4, 17.6, and 27.0, respectively; for 1-5 years, 36.5, 15.7, 34.5, and 38.1, respectively; for 5- to 10-year group, the CTDIvol was found to be 40, 15.7, 33.5, and 47.6, respectively, and for the last group of 10-16 years, 41.6, 15.7, 37.4, and 58.3, respectively. The corresponding DLP (mGy • cm) for head CT, the mean, 25th, 50th, and 75th percentile values were as follows: for infants (<1 year), 472.9, 326.9, 385.3, and 545.5, respectively; for 1-5 years, 742.9, 509.1, 689.3, and 902.9, respectively; for 5-10 years, 1,130.4, 501.7, 924.2, and 1,667.4, respectively; for 10-16 years, 1,226.4, 595.4, 870.1, and 1,255.3, respectively. The total mean CTDIvol (mGy) was 38.0, and the total mean DLP (mGy · cm) was 1,001.6. These values have been compared with other values from other similar studies; the summary for these comparisons concluded that the majority of CTDIvol 16-cm phantom and DLP 16-cm phantom values for the head were higher than DRLs reported from other studies in other countries. Therefore, for risk reduction, it is necessary to establish DRLs for pediatric CT in Sudan.","PeriodicalId":77198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical engineering","volume":"24 5","pages":"97 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141711662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.1097/JCE.0000000000000657
Maryam Sangargir, Joël Brose
This article explores safety verifications in The Ottawa Hospital’s alternative Equipment Management (AEM) project, focusing on optimizing resource use and maintaining patient safety. This methodology includes integrating World Health Organization guidelines, establishing a dedicated AEM Committee, and a safety verification process using failure codes. The article consists of a case study on The Ottawa Hospital Civic Campus Floor Scales to further illustrate the AEM safety verification process.
{"title":"Safety Verification Procedure in the Implementation of Alternative Equipment Maintenance at The Ottawa Hospital","authors":"Maryam Sangargir, Joël Brose","doi":"10.1097/JCE.0000000000000657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/JCE.0000000000000657","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores safety verifications in The Ottawa Hospital’s alternative Equipment Management (AEM) project, focusing on optimizing resource use and maintaining patient safety. This methodology includes integrating World Health Organization guidelines, establishing a dedicated AEM Committee, and a safety verification process using failure codes. The article consists of a case study on The Ottawa Hospital Civic Campus Floor Scales to further illustrate the AEM safety verification process.","PeriodicalId":77198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical engineering","volume":"14 4","pages":"108 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141699955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1097/jce.0000000000000641
{"title":"FDA Recognizes Cybersecurity and Data Security AAMI Standards for Health Technology","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/jce.0000000000000641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jce.0000000000000641","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical engineering","volume":"3 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140352770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1097/jce.0000000000000643
Michael Levin-Epstein
{"title":"It's My Party","authors":"Michael Levin-Epstein","doi":"10.1097/jce.0000000000000643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jce.0000000000000643","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical engineering","volume":"6 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140353219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1097/jce.0000000000000633
{"title":"Integration of Abbott and Tandem Devices Provide New Option for Diabetic Patients, says GlobalData","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/jce.0000000000000633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jce.0000000000000633","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical engineering","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140354507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1097/jce.0000000000000637
{"title":"Radiopaque Medical Easier to See Than Solid Wire With Marker Bands","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/jce.0000000000000637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jce.0000000000000637","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical engineering","volume":"24 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140353708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1097/jce.0000000000000636
Mohammed O. Osman, A. Hamza, Zeinab A. M. Mohamed, Mohamed O. Khider, Ali S. A. Ali
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the United States and Europe. Most cancers that start in the lung, known as primary lung cancers, are carcinomas that derive from epithelial cells. The most common symptoms are coughing (including coughing up blood), weight loss, shortness of breath, and chest pains. Different diagnostic procedures have been followed in an attempt to differentiate between the benign and malignant tumors such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scans, angiogram, chest x-ray, and biopsy, which is the most accurate procedure that determines the pulmonary tumor type. Studies indicate that radiologists do not detect all abnormalities on images that are visible on retrospective review, and they do not always correctly characterized abnormalities that are found. In the clinical interpretation of medical images, limitations in the human eye-brain visual system, reader fatigue, distraction, the presence of overlapping structures that camouflage disease in images, and the vast number of abnormal cases seen in screening programs provide cause for detection and interpretation errors. A comprehensive review on the subject has been done to give an overview of the recent studies, their methodology, and the result of those studies, along with the authors' analysis of these studies.
肺癌是美国和欧洲人的主要死因之一。大多数起病于肺部的癌症（称为原发性肺癌）都是上皮细胞癌。最常见的症状是咳嗽（包括咳血）、体重减轻、气短和胸痛。为了区分良性和恶性肿瘤，人们采用了不同的诊断程序，如计算机断层扫描或磁共振成像扫描、血管造影、胸部 X 光检查和活组织检查，其中活组织检查是确定肺部肿瘤类型最准确的程序。研究表明，放射科医生并不能在回顾性复查中发现图像上可见的所有异常，他们也不一定能对发现的异常正确定性。在医学影像的临床判读中，人类眼脑视觉系统的局限性、阅读者的疲劳、注意力的分散、重叠结构的存在掩盖了图像中的疾病，以及筛查项目中出现的大量异常病例，都是造成检测和判读错误的原因。本文对这一主题进行了全面回顾，概述了近期的研究、研究方法和研究结果，以及作者对这些研究的分析。
{"title":"Noninvasive Technique for Classification of Pulmonary Cancer Based on Computerized Tomography: Review and Analysis","authors":"Mohammed O. Osman, A. Hamza, Zeinab A. M. Mohamed, Mohamed O. Khider, Ali S. A. Ali","doi":"10.1097/jce.0000000000000636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jce.0000000000000636","url":null,"abstract":"Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the United States and Europe. Most cancers that start in the lung, known as primary lung cancers, are carcinomas that derive from epithelial cells. The most common symptoms are coughing (including coughing up blood), weight loss, shortness of breath, and chest pains. Different diagnostic procedures have been followed in an attempt to differentiate between the benign and malignant tumors such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scans, angiogram, chest x-ray, and biopsy, which is the most accurate procedure that determines the pulmonary tumor type. Studies indicate that radiologists do not detect all abnormalities on images that are visible on retrospective review, and they do not always correctly characterized abnormalities that are found. In the clinical interpretation of medical images, limitations in the human eye-brain visual system, reader fatigue, distraction, the presence of overlapping structures that camouflage disease in images, and the vast number of abnormal cases seen in screening programs provide cause for detection and interpretation errors. A comprehensive review on the subject has been done to give an overview of the recent studies, their methodology, and the result of those studies, along with the authors' analysis of these studies.","PeriodicalId":77198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical engineering","volume":"18 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140352695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.1097/jce.0000000000000634
Michael Levin-Epstein
{"title":"FDA Facilitates Expand Adoption of Vaporized Hydrogen Peroxide for Medical Device Sterilization","authors":"Michael Levin-Epstein","doi":"10.1097/jce.0000000000000634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/jce.0000000000000634","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77198,"journal":{"name":"Journal of clinical engineering","volume":"3 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140354778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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