Pub Date : 1996-06-01DOI: 10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80032-0
E A Dauncey, C J Leon
{"title":"Plant identification for medical professionals: a computerized solution.","authors":"E A Dauncey, C J Leon","doi":"10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80032-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80032-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77387,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in dermatology","volume":"15 2","pages":"124-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19808559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a human pathogen that has probably infected humans since prehistoric times. Varicella-zoster virus causes chickenpox in childhood (varicella), and establishes latency in sensory ganglia after the primary infection. Varicella-zoster virus may reemerge later in life, taking advantage of the decline in immune function that occurs with aging. Varicella-zoster virus reactivation causes herpes zoster, commonly known as shingles. The incidence of herpes zoster increases with advancing age. Severe pain is the major cause of acute and chronic morbidity in patients with herpes zoster. Fortunately, the acute phase is self-limiting and transient. However, chronic and often debilitating pain may persist after the lesions have healed and is referred to as postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), the most common complication of herpes zoster. Similar to acute herpes zoster, the incidence of PHN increases dramatically with age.
{"title":"Varicella-zoster virus: overview and clinical manifestations.","authors":"A M Arvin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a human pathogen that has probably infected humans since prehistoric times. Varicella-zoster virus causes chickenpox in childhood (varicella), and establishes latency in sensory ganglia after the primary infection. Varicella-zoster virus may reemerge later in life, taking advantage of the decline in immune function that occurs with aging. Varicella-zoster virus reactivation causes herpes zoster, commonly known as shingles. The incidence of herpes zoster increases with advancing age. Severe pain is the major cause of acute and chronic morbidity in patients with herpes zoster. Fortunately, the acute phase is self-limiting and transient. However, chronic and often debilitating pain may persist after the lesions have healed and is referred to as postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), the most common complication of herpes zoster. Similar to acute herpes zoster, the incidence of PHN increases dramatically with age.</p>","PeriodicalId":77387,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in dermatology","volume":"15 2 Suppl 1","pages":"4-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19808561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-06-01DOI: 10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80027-7
K Wrangsjö, A M Ros
{"title":"Compositae allergy.","authors":"K Wrangsjö, A M Ros","doi":"10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80027-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80027-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77387,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in dermatology","volume":"15 2","pages":"87-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19808554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-06-01DOI: 10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80030-7
C R Lovell
{"title":"Current topics in plant dermatitis.","authors":"C R Lovell","doi":"10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80030-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80030-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77387,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in dermatology","volume":"15 2","pages":"113-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19808557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-06-01DOI: 10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80025-3
I R White
{"title":"Plant products in perfumes and cosmetics.","authors":"I R White","doi":"10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80025-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80025-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77387,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in dermatology","volume":"15 2","pages":"78-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19808552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Famciclovir is the well-absorbed oral form of penciclovir, a potent and selective antiviral agent, with activity against members of the herpesvirus family, including varicella-zoster virus (VZV), and herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2. Famciclovir is rapidly absorbed and converted to penciclovir. Penciclovir has excellent bioavailability (77%) after oral administration of 500 mg of famciclovir. Similar to acyclovir, famciclovir is converted by phosphorylation to its active metabolite, penciclovir-triphosphate. Penciclovir-triphosphate has a prolonged in vitro intracellular half-life of 10 to 20 hours in HSV-1-and HSV-2-infected cells, respectively, and 9 to 14 hours in VZV-infected cells. In contrast, the in vitro intracellular half-life of acyclovir is substantially shorter at 0.7 and 1 hours in HSV-1- and HSV-2-infected cells, respectively, and 0.8 hours in VZV-infected cells. Famciclovir is eliminated primarily via the kidneys. Dosage adjustment is not required for famciclovir in elderly patients with normal or mildly impaired renal function, and the extent of penciclovir availability is not affected by food. The excellent bioavailability ensures that adequate drug reaches virus-infected cells, and the prolonged intracellular half-life of the active form of famciclovir results in persistent antiviral activity.
{"title":"The pharmacological profile of famciclovir.","authors":"C Crumpacker","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Famciclovir is the well-absorbed oral form of penciclovir, a potent and selective antiviral agent, with activity against members of the herpesvirus family, including varicella-zoster virus (VZV), and herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2. Famciclovir is rapidly absorbed and converted to penciclovir. Penciclovir has excellent bioavailability (77%) after oral administration of 500 mg of famciclovir. Similar to acyclovir, famciclovir is converted by phosphorylation to its active metabolite, penciclovir-triphosphate. Penciclovir-triphosphate has a prolonged in vitro intracellular half-life of 10 to 20 hours in HSV-1-and HSV-2-infected cells, respectively, and 9 to 14 hours in VZV-infected cells. In contrast, the in vitro intracellular half-life of acyclovir is substantially shorter at 0.7 and 1 hours in HSV-1- and HSV-2-infected cells, respectively, and 0.8 hours in VZV-infected cells. Famciclovir is eliminated primarily via the kidneys. Dosage adjustment is not required for famciclovir in elderly patients with normal or mildly impaired renal function, and the extent of penciclovir availability is not affected by food. The excellent bioavailability ensures that adequate drug reaches virus-infected cells, and the prolonged intracellular half-life of the active form of famciclovir results in persistent antiviral activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":77387,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in dermatology","volume":"15 2 Suppl 1","pages":"14-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19808563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The incidence of genital herpes continues to increase worldwide. Primary first-episode genital herpes are commonly associated with severe systemic symptoms. Primary first-episode lesions are usually bilateral and may from over a period of 10 days. Nonprimary first-episode genital herpes are often associated with less severe systemic symptoms and lesion formation. Although recurrent genital herpes episodes are generally limited to localized lesions without systemic symptoms, the frequent recurrence and chronicity may have a substantial psychosocial impact on a patient's well-being. Presently, there are no available treatments capable of abating the latent virus in human beings. Current management of genital herpes focuses on treatment with antiviral agents, which are effective in reducing the course of genital herpes.
{"title":"Genital herpes simplex virus and its treatment: focus on famciclovir.","authors":"S L Sacks","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The incidence of genital herpes continues to increase worldwide. Primary first-episode genital herpes are commonly associated with severe systemic symptoms. Primary first-episode lesions are usually bilateral and may from over a period of 10 days. Nonprimary first-episode genital herpes are often associated with less severe systemic symptoms and lesion formation. Although recurrent genital herpes episodes are generally limited to localized lesions without systemic symptoms, the frequent recurrence and chronicity may have a substantial psychosocial impact on a patient's well-being. Presently, there are no available treatments capable of abating the latent virus in human beings. Current management of genital herpes focuses on treatment with antiviral agents, which are effective in reducing the course of genital herpes.</p>","PeriodicalId":77387,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in dermatology","volume":"15 2 Suppl 1","pages":"32-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19808565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-03-01DOI: 10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80020-4
R G Kürzl
{"title":"Paget's disease.","authors":"R G Kürzl","doi":"10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80020-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80020-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77387,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in dermatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"60-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19698140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-03-01DOI: 10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80015-0
C M Ridley
{"title":"Vulvar disease in the pediatric population.","authors":"C M Ridley","doi":"10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80015-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80015-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77387,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in dermatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"29-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19698135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1996-03-01DOI: 10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80022-8
S Zellis, S H Pincus
{"title":"Treatment of vulvar dermatoses.","authors":"S Zellis, S H Pincus","doi":"10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80022-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1085-5629(96)80022-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77387,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in dermatology","volume":"15 1","pages":"71-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19698142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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