Acta medica Nagasakiensia最新文献

Radiation Induced Bystander Effect in vivo. 体内辐射诱导的旁观者效应。

Acta medica Nagasakiensia

Pub Date : 2008-01-01

Yunfei Chai, Tom K Hei

Radiation-induced bystander effect is defined as the induction of biological effects in cells that are not directly traversed by radiation, but merely in the presence of cells that are. Although radiation induced bystander effects have been well defined in a variety of in vitro models using a range of endpoints including clonogenic survival, mutations, neoplastic transformation, apoptosis, micronucleus, chromosomal aberrations and DNA double strand beaks, the mechanism(s) as well as the presence of such an effect in vivo are not well described. In this review, we summarize the evidence of radiation induced bystander effect in various in vivo systems including rodents, fish and plants. Many biological endpoints such as epigenetic changes, DNA damage, miRNA, apoptosis, cell proliferation, gene expression and tumorgenesis have been demonstrated in the non-targeted regions in vivo. Although the bystander effect is evolutionarily conserved in rodent systems, the bystander response depends on gender, tissue and strain. However, the studies about mechanism of radiation induced bystander effect in vivo are still limited.

辐射诱发的旁观者效应被定义为在没有被辐射直接穿过的细胞中，而仅仅是在被辐射直接穿过的细胞中所诱发的生物效应。尽管辐射诱导的旁观者效应已经在各种体外模型中得到了很好的定义，这些模型使用了一系列端点，包括克隆存活、突变、肿瘤转化、凋亡、微核、染色体畸变和DNA双链喙，但其机制以及这种效应在体内的存在并没有得到很好的描述。本文综述了辐射诱导的旁观者效应在啮齿动物、鱼类和植物等体内系统中的证据。许多生物学终点，如表观遗传改变、DNA损伤、miRNA、细胞凋亡、细胞增殖、基因表达和肿瘤发生，已经在体内非靶向区域得到证实。虽然旁观者效应在啮齿类动物系统中是进化保守的，但旁观者反应取决于性别、组织和品系。然而，关于辐射诱导的旁观者效应的体内机制的研究仍然有限。

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Radiation Induced Bystander Effect in vivo. 体内辐射诱导的旁观者效应。

Acta medica Nagasakiensia

Pub Date : 2008-01-01 DOI: 10.11343/AMN.53.S65

Y. Chai, T. Hei

Radiation-induced bystander effect is defined as the induction of biological effects in cells that are not directly traversed by radiation, but merely in the presence of cells that are. Although radiation induced bystander effects have been well defined in a variety of in vitro models using a range of endpoints including clonogenic survival, mutations, neoplastic transformation, apoptosis, micronucleus, chromosomal aberrations and DNA double strand beaks, the mechanism(s) as well as the presence of such an effect in vivo are not well described. In this review, we summarize the evidence of radiation induced bystander effect in various in vivo systems including rodents, fish and plants. Many biological endpoints such as epigenetic changes, DNA damage, miRNA, apoptosis, cell proliferation, gene expression and tumorgenesis have been demonstrated in the non-targeted regions in vivo. Although the bystander effect is evolutionarily conserved in rodent systems, the bystander response depends on gender, tissue and strain. However, the studies about mechanism of radiation induced bystander effect in vivo are still limited.

辐射诱发的旁观者效应被定义为在没有被辐射直接穿过的细胞中，而仅仅是在被辐射直接穿过的细胞中所诱发的生物效应。尽管辐射诱导的旁观者效应已经在各种体外模型中得到了很好的定义，这些模型使用了一系列端点，包括克隆存活、突变、肿瘤转化、凋亡、微核、染色体畸变和DNA双链喙，但其机制以及这种效应在体内的存在并没有得到很好的描述。本文综述了辐射诱导的旁观者效应在啮齿动物、鱼类和植物等体内系统中的证据。许多生物学终点，如表观遗传改变、DNA损伤、miRNA、细胞凋亡、细胞增殖、基因表达和肿瘤发生，已经在体内非靶向区域得到证实。虽然旁观者效应在啮齿类动物系统中是进化保守的，但旁观者反应取决于性别、组织和品系。然而，关于辐射诱导的旁观者效应的体内机制的研究仍然有限。