Antibiotiki最新文献

The results of the study on optimization of the process of nisin isolation from the cultural liquid are presented. Different adsorbents, streptococcal cells, medium solid particles (biomass fermentalysates) and silica gel, were used for antibiotic adsorption.

The pharmacokinetics and safety of the lincomycin ointment and gel were studied. It was shown that diffusion of lincomycin through the skin was satisfactory. Investigation of their general toxicity and organotropic properties revealed neither irritating effect nor changes in the internal organs associated with the toxic effect of the drugs. On the basis of the data on the stability of the lincomycin ointment and gel obtained on their storage the lincomycin ointment was recommended for industrial production.

The advisability of isoniazid administration in the form of ultrasonic aerosols in the treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract is shown.

The results of the chemotherapy of 20 children with nephroblastoma are analysed. The patients were treated according to the following scheme: vincristine in a dose of 0.05 mg kg bw once a week on the 1st, 8th, 15th and 22nd days, dactinomycin in a dose of 15 micrograms/kg once a day for 3 days on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd days of adriamycin in a dose of 30-40 mg/m2 on the 15th day of the treatment course. The postoperative chemotherapy was started 10 days after the operation. It was performed in 4 courses with intervals of 3 weeks. The efficacy of the treatment was estimated with angiography, echography and computer-aided tomography. The above scheme proved to be efficient in the treatment of the children with nephroblastoma. Reliable control of the tumor size during the preoperative treatment was shown to be possible.

A single administration of the LD50 of bruneomycin, carminomycin, rubomycin or olivomycin and the use of the antibiotics for 10 days in a dose 2 times higher than the therapeutic one and amounting to 10 per cent of the LD50 induced dystrophic and destructive changes in the sexual glands of mice. The changes in the testis were more pronounced after the single use of the antibiotics. Recovery processes were observed in the testis beginning from the middle of the third week after the use of carminomycin and rubomycin and from the end of the second week after the use of olivomycin. Bruneomycin was an exception: the pronounced destructive changes in the sexual glands after its single or repeated use persisted within the observation period.

The data on the use and clinical efficacy of semisynthetic penicillins and cephalosporins in the treatment of the traumatologic and orthopedic patients are summarized.

The effect of Streptomyces spheroides proteinases on the process and character of the local reaction to intraperitoneal infection of mice with E. coli was studied experimentally. It was shown that administration of the proteinases promoted a decrease in the dissemination of the abdominal cavity and a more rapid elimination of the microorganisms from the infection foci. The proteinases potentiated the macrophagal component of the local reaction by accelerating migration of the macrophages and increasing their phagocytic activity and the activity of the lysosomal enzymes. Proteinases gave rise to a pronounced activation of the neutrophils, an increase in the phagocytic capacity of the young forms and a change in intracellular enzymes. It was demonstrated that proteinases changed interrelation between the cell elements in the infection foci, the character of interaction of the quantitative and functional parameters of the local reaction and interrelationship between the phagocytic activity and the enzymatic balance of the cells. They increased the effect of the macrophages on migration and the functional state of the neutrophiles.