J. Crawford, Danielle Berkovic, J. Erwin, Sarah Copsey, Alice Davis, E. Giagloglou, Amin Yazdani, J. Hartvigsen, R. Graveling, A. Woolf
Musculoskeletal (MSK) problems remain the most frequent reason why individuals are absent from work, including those with work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs or MSDs) and those with chronic MSK problems. This paper aims to examine changes in work and the workforce since 2000; how work impacts on chronic MSK conditions and how we can help people with these conditions to stay at work. While our knowledge of the causes of WRMSDs has increased since 2000, there has been limited workplace action in reducing exposure to hazards. A life course approach is needed as individuals of all ages are reporting MSK problems. How people work has also changed and informalisation of work contracts has increased with a perceived concurrent reduction in occupational safety and health (OSH) protection. Retaining people at work with MSK problems requires compliance with relevant safety, health and diversity legislation and a risk management approach. Good and open communication within the workplace and identification of other sources of support is also necessary. Considerations must be made at the individual level (internal motivation), organisational level (a supportive manager) and self-management of symptoms. Simple case examples are provided in the paper of what works in practice as well as a proposed research agenda. Increased awareness at all levels of society of MSK health is essential.
{"title":"Musculoskeletal health in the workplace.","authors":"J. Crawford, Danielle Berkovic, J. Erwin, Sarah Copsey, Alice Davis, E. Giagloglou, Amin Yazdani, J. Hartvigsen, R. Graveling, A. Woolf","doi":"10.26686/wgtn.12660089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26686/wgtn.12660089","url":null,"abstract":"Musculoskeletal (MSK) problems remain the most frequent reason why individuals are absent from work, including those with work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs or MSDs) and those with chronic MSK problems. This paper aims to examine changes in work and the workforce since 2000; how work impacts on chronic MSK conditions and how we can help people with these conditions to stay at work. While our knowledge of the causes of WRMSDs has increased since 2000, there has been limited workplace action in reducing exposure to hazards. A life course approach is needed as individuals of all ages are reporting MSK problems. How people work has also changed and informalisation of work contracts has increased with a perceived concurrent reduction in occupational safety and health (OSH) protection. Retaining people at work with MSK problems requires compliance with relevant safety, health and diversity legislation and a risk management approach. Good and open communication within the workplace and identification of other sources of support is also necessary. Considerations must be made at the individual level (internal motivation), organisational level (a supportive manager) and self-management of symptoms. Simple case examples are provided in the paper of what works in practice as well as a proposed research agenda. Increased awareness at all levels of society of MSK health is essential.","PeriodicalId":79797,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology","volume":"38 1","pages":"101558"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83395098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-07DOI: 10.1097/00007611-195708000-00026
D. Gerlag, P. Tak
In patients with arthritis, synovial tissue is easily accessible for analysis. Blind needle biopsy is a simple and safe procedure. Arthroscopic biopsy is also safe, it allows access to most sites in the joint and it can provide adequate tissue for extensive laboratory investigations, both before and after successful therapy. Synovial tissue analysis has been successfully applied to the study of disease mechanisms and response to treatment. In addition, there may be an indication for diagnostic synovial biopsy in selected cases.
{"title":"Synovial biopsy.","authors":"D. Gerlag, P. Tak","doi":"10.1097/00007611-195708000-00026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/00007611-195708000-00026","url":null,"abstract":"In patients with arthritis, synovial tissue is easily accessible for analysis. Blind needle biopsy is a simple and safe procedure. Arthroscopic biopsy is also safe, it allows access to most sites in the joint and it can provide adequate tissue for extensive laboratory investigations, both before and after successful therapy. Synovial tissue analysis has been successfully applied to the study of disease mechanisms and response to treatment. In addition, there may be an indication for diagnostic synovial biopsy in selected cases.","PeriodicalId":79797,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology","volume":"21 1","pages":"387-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77833806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-01-01DOI: 10.1891/9780826152237.0034
J. Zacher, A. Gursche
{"title":"'Hip' pain.","authors":"J. Zacher, A. Gursche","doi":"10.1891/9780826152237.0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1891/9780826152237.0034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79797,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology","volume":"69 1","pages":"71-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86435260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The common vasculitides of childhood are more self-limited than those in adults. Clinical evidence suggests that infectious agents may have a significant role in the aetiology of these diseases although exact pathogenic mechanisms are not known. One of the most frequent of such diseases in childhood is Henoch-Schönlein purpura. The controversies regarding the management of gastrointestinal and renal disease and suggested treatments are reviewed. The limitations of current definitions for polyarteritis nodosa are discussed and a new classification tree for this disease is introduced. The definitions and classification criteria for the other major vasculitides encountered in children are also presented. Current treatment protocols for polyartertis nodosa, Wegener's granulomatosis and Behcet's disease are summarized.
{"title":"The spectrum of vasculitis in children.","authors":"S. Ozen","doi":"10.1053/BERH.2002.0237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/BERH.2002.0237","url":null,"abstract":"The common vasculitides of childhood are more self-limited than those in adults. Clinical evidence suggests that infectious agents may have a significant role in the aetiology of these diseases although exact pathogenic mechanisms are not known. One of the most frequent of such diseases in childhood is Henoch-Schönlein purpura. The controversies regarding the management of gastrointestinal and renal disease and suggested treatments are reviewed. The limitations of current definitions for polyarteritis nodosa are discussed and a new classification tree for this disease is introduced. The definitions and classification criteria for the other major vasculitides encountered in children are also presented. Current treatment protocols for polyartertis nodosa, Wegener's granulomatosis and Behcet's disease are summarized.","PeriodicalId":79797,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology","volume":"58 1","pages":"411-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85058859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-01-01DOI: 10.1016/s1521-6942(02)90248-2
D. Veale, O. FitzGerald
{"title":"Psoriatic arthritis.","authors":"D. Veale, O. FitzGerald","doi":"10.1016/s1521-6942(02)90248-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1521-6942(02)90248-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79797,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology","volume":"220 1","pages":"523-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88331924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-01-01DOI: 10.1016/s1521-6942(02)90250-0
J. Braun, D. M. van der Heijde
{"title":"Imaging and scoring in ankylosing spondylitis.","authors":"J. Braun, D. M. van der Heijde","doi":"10.1016/s1521-6942(02)90250-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s1521-6942(02)90250-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79797,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology","volume":"11 1","pages":"573-604"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78793128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patients with osteoarthritis (OA) often benefit from properly performed surgical procedures. However, the scientific database from studies investigating appropriate timing of surgery, patient morbidity, quality of life before and after the intervention, and cost utility of different procedures is insufficient. In order to allow a fair allocation of resources in future health care systems, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with defined entry criteria, sufficient number of patients, and valid outcome measures should be performed for different surgical approaches. They should especially include control groups with conservative treatment in order to allow an evidence based comparison between different therapeutic approaches. At present, however, optimal management of OA as a dynamic disease process must include a combination of conservative as well as operative treatment modalities. In case of malalignment, instability and intra-articular causes of mechanical dysfunction, correction of these abnormalities and relief of symptoms can be achieved with properly indicated and performed osteotomies. Debridement by arthroscopy and arthotomy probably does not alter the natural history of OA and true clinical outcomes are difficult to determine, but it can provide transient relief of symptoms. Joint replacement has to be considered for refractory pain associated with disability and radiological deterioration. As the pre-operative functional status seems to influence the outcome not only in joint replacement but also in joint-preserving osteotomies, the indication for these procedures might be expanded in the future.
{"title":"Surgical approaches for osteoarthritis.","authors":"K. Günther","doi":"10.1053/BERH.2001.0178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1053/BERH.2001.0178","url":null,"abstract":"Patients with osteoarthritis (OA) often benefit from properly performed surgical procedures. However, the scientific database from studies investigating appropriate timing of surgery, patient morbidity, quality of life before and after the intervention, and cost utility of different procedures is insufficient. In order to allow a fair allocation of resources in future health care systems, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with defined entry criteria, sufficient number of patients, and valid outcome measures should be performed for different surgical approaches. They should especially include control groups with conservative treatment in order to allow an evidence based comparison between different therapeutic approaches. At present, however, optimal management of OA as a dynamic disease process must include a combination of conservative as well as operative treatment modalities. In case of malalignment, instability and intra-articular causes of mechanical dysfunction, correction of these abnormalities and relief of symptoms can be achieved with properly indicated and performed osteotomies. Debridement by arthroscopy and arthotomy probably does not alter the natural history of OA and true clinical outcomes are difficult to determine, but it can provide transient relief of symptoms. Joint replacement has to be considered for refractory pain associated with disability and radiological deterioration. As the pre-operative functional status seems to influence the outcome not only in joint replacement but also in joint-preserving osteotomies, the indication for these procedures might be expanded in the future.","PeriodicalId":79797,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology","volume":"10 1","pages":"627-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87900260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-0-85729-402-9_21
Philip N. Sambrook
{"title":"Corticosteroid osteoporosis.","authors":"Philip N. Sambrook","doi":"10.1007/978-0-85729-402-9_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-402-9_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79797,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology","volume":"37 1","pages":"401-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90254692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1910-12-01DOI: 10.1017/S0016756800135745
M. Pye
Absolute hardness defined 98 tables of data 99, 100, 101 and p Acceptors defined 60 Acetals anomeric effect in 78, 79 radical attack on 279, 296 Acetone 96, 135, 292, 293, 308 Acetophenone 135 Acetoxybutadiene 233 Acetoxycyclopentadiene 180 Acetyl, as a Z-substituent 59 Acetylene, see Alkynes Acetyltrimethylsilane 96 Acid chlorides, electrophilicity of 134, 135 Acridone, product in chemoluminescence 323, 324 Acrolein 140, 224, 227, 236 dimerisation of 234 frontier orbitals of 62, 63, 141, 228, 234 in hetero Diels-Alder reactions 235 ionisation potential of 54 molecular orbitals of 61, 62 photochemistry of 309, 312 protonated FOs of 141 model for Lewis acid coordination as 239 regioselectivity of in Diels-Alder reactions 230 Acrylate, see Ethyl acrylate; Methyl acrylate Acrylonitrile cycloaddition to dimethylallene 256 Diels-Alder reaction with tropone 233 in hetero Diels-Alder reactions 235 photochemical reaction of with acetone 308 photodimerisation of 309 radical attack on 289 regioselectivity of in Diels-Alder reactions 230 Acyl cation, destabilised 65 Acyl radical in photo-Fries rearrangement 322 Adamantanones product in chemoluminescence 323, 324 stereochemistry of attack on 182 Addition reactions anti-Markovnikov 291, 297 of radicals to alkenes 279 stereospecifically anti to alkenes 162 Addition-Elimination electrophilic substitution by 166, 167 nucleophilic substitution by 166
{"title":"Index","authors":"M. Pye","doi":"10.1017/S0016756800135745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0016756800135745","url":null,"abstract":"Absolute hardness defined 98 tables of data 99, 100, 101 and p Acceptors defined 60 Acetals anomeric effect in 78, 79 radical attack on 279, 296 Acetone 96, 135, 292, 293, 308 Acetophenone 135 Acetoxybutadiene 233 Acetoxycyclopentadiene 180 Acetyl, as a Z-substituent 59 Acetylene, see Alkynes Acetyltrimethylsilane 96 Acid chlorides, electrophilicity of 134, 135 Acridone, product in chemoluminescence 323, 324 Acrolein 140, 224, 227, 236 dimerisation of 234 frontier orbitals of 62, 63, 141, 228, 234 in hetero Diels-Alder reactions 235 ionisation potential of 54 molecular orbitals of 61, 62 photochemistry of 309, 312 protonated FOs of 141 model for Lewis acid coordination as 239 regioselectivity of in Diels-Alder reactions 230 Acrylate, see Ethyl acrylate; Methyl acrylate Acrylonitrile cycloaddition to dimethylallene 256 Diels-Alder reaction with tropone 233 in hetero Diels-Alder reactions 235 photochemical reaction of with acetone 308 photodimerisation of 309 radical attack on 289 regioselectivity of in Diels-Alder reactions 230 Acyl cation, destabilised 65 Acyl radical in photo-Fries rearrangement 322 Adamantanones product in chemoluminescence 323, 324 stereochemistry of attack on 182 Addition reactions anti-Markovnikov 291, 297 of radicals to alkenes 279 stereospecifically anti to alkenes 162 Addition-Elimination electrophilic substitution by 166, 167 nucleophilic substitution by 166","PeriodicalId":79797,"journal":{"name":"Bailliere's best practice & research. Clinical rheumatology","volume":"06 1","pages":"101677 - 101677"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1910-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85974823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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