Pub Date : 1998-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-4052-6_3
S Bretschneider, P Johansson
{"title":"Differences in taxation and regulation of health-affecting goods--alcohol and tobacco.","authors":"S Bretschneider, P Johansson","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4615-4052-6_3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4052-6_3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79866,"journal":{"name":"Developments in health economics and public policy","volume":"7 ","pages":"29-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21400082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-5681-7_2
S Nocera, P Zweifel
Grossman derives the demand for health from an optimal control model in which health capital is both a consumption and an investment good. In his approach, the individual chooses his level of health and therefore his life span. Initially an individual is endowed with a certain amount of health capital, which depreciates over time but can be replenished by investments like medical care, diet, exercise, etc. Therefore, the level of health is not treated as exogenous but depends on the amount of resources the individual allocates to the production of health. The production of health capital also depends on variables which modify the efficiency of the production process, therefore changing the shadow price of health capital. For example, more highly educated people are expected to be more efficient producers of health who thus face a lower price of health capital, an effect that should increase their quantity of health demanded. While the Grossman model provides a suitable theoretical framework for explaining the demand for health and the demand for medical services, it has not been too successful empirically. However, empirical tests up to this date have been exclusively based on cross section data, thus failing to take the dynamic nature of the Grossman model into account. By way of contrast, the present paper contains individual time series information not only on the utilization of medical services but also on income, wealth, work, and life style. The data come from two surveys carried out in 1981 and 1993 among members of a Swiss sick fund, with the linkage between the two waves provided by insurance records. In all, this comparatively rich data set holds the promise of permitting the Grossman model to be adequately tested for the first time.
{"title":"The demand for health: an empirical test of the Grossman model using panel data.","authors":"S Nocera, P Zweifel","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4615-5681-7_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5681-7_2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Grossman derives the demand for health from an optimal control model in which health capital is both a consumption and an investment good. In his approach, the individual chooses his level of health and therefore his life span. Initially an individual is endowed with a certain amount of health capital, which depreciates over time but can be replenished by investments like medical care, diet, exercise, etc. Therefore, the level of health is not treated as exogenous but depends on the amount of resources the individual allocates to the production of health. The production of health capital also depends on variables which modify the efficiency of the production process, therefore changing the shadow price of health capital. For example, more highly educated people are expected to be more efficient producers of health who thus face a lower price of health capital, an effect that should increase their quantity of health demanded. While the Grossman model provides a suitable theoretical framework for explaining the demand for health and the demand for medical services, it has not been too successful empirically. However, empirical tests up to this date have been exclusively based on cross section data, thus failing to take the dynamic nature of the Grossman model into account. By way of contrast, the present paper contains individual time series information not only on the utilization of medical services but also on income, wealth, work, and life style. The data come from two surveys carried out in 1981 and 1993 among members of a Swiss sick fund, with the linkage between the two waves provided by insurance records. In all, this comparatively rich data set holds the promise of permitting the Grossman model to be adequately tested for the first time.</p>","PeriodicalId":79866,"journal":{"name":"Developments in health economics and public policy","volume":"6 ","pages":"35-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/978-1-4615-5681-7_2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21516652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-5681-7_9
M Linna, U Häkkinen
{"title":"A comparative application of econometric frontier and DEA methods for assessing cost efficiency of Finnish hospitals.","authors":"M Linna, U Häkkinen","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4615-5681-7_9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5681-7_9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79866,"journal":{"name":"Developments in health economics and public policy","volume":"6 ","pages":"169-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21516737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-5681-7_12
L Crivelli, P Zweifel
Cross-border care is likely to become a major issue among EU countries because patients have the option of obtaining treatment abroad under Community Regulations 1408/71. This paper develops a model formalizing both the patient's decision to apply for cross-border care and the authorizing physician's decision to admit a patient to the program. The patient is assumed to maximize expected utility, which depends on the quality of care and the length of waiting in the home country and the host country, respectively. Not all patients qualifying for the EU program present themselves to the authorizing physician because of the transaction cost involved. The physician in her turn shapes effective demand for authorization through her rate of refusal, which constitutes information to potential applicants about the probability of obtaining treatment abroad. The authorizing physician thus acts as an agent serving two principals, her patient and her national government, trading off the perceived utility loss of patients who are rejected against her commitment to domestic health policy. The model may be used to explain existing patient flows between EU countries.
{"title":"Modeling cross-border care in the EU using a principal-agent framework.","authors":"L Crivelli, P Zweifel","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4615-5681-7_12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5681-7_12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cross-border care is likely to become a major issue among EU countries because patients have the option of obtaining treatment abroad under Community Regulations 1408/71. This paper develops a model formalizing both the patient's decision to apply for cross-border care and the authorizing physician's decision to admit a patient to the program. The patient is assumed to maximize expected utility, which depends on the quality of care and the length of waiting in the home country and the host country, respectively. Not all patients qualifying for the EU program present themselves to the authorizing physician because of the transaction cost involved. The physician in her turn shapes effective demand for authorization through her rate of refusal, which constitutes information to potential applicants about the probability of obtaining treatment abroad. The authorizing physician thus acts as an agent serving two principals, her patient and her national government, trading off the perceived utility loss of patients who are rejected against her commitment to domestic health policy. The model may be used to explain existing patient flows between EU countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":79866,"journal":{"name":"Developments in health economics and public policy","volume":"6 ","pages":"229-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21516650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-4052-6_2
M Bezzola, P Martinsson
{"title":"Overview of the two systems.","authors":"M Bezzola, P Martinsson","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4615-4052-6_2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4052-6_2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79866,"journal":{"name":"Developments in health economics and public policy","volume":"7 ","pages":"9-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21400084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-4052-6_11
K Rikner, M Strumpf
{"title":"Compensation for health-related loss of income.","authors":"K Rikner, M Strumpf","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4615-4052-6_11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4052-6_11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79866,"journal":{"name":"Developments in health economics and public policy","volume":"7 ","pages":"235-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21400989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-4052-6
L. Söderström, C. H. Lyttkens, P. Zweifel
{"title":"Regulation of health: case studies of Sweden and Switzerland.","authors":"L. Söderström, C. H. Lyttkens, P. Zweifel","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4615-4052-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4052-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79866,"journal":{"name":"Developments in health economics and public policy","volume":"14 4","pages":"1-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"51002872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-4052-6_6
L Nicklasson, R Umbricht
{"title":"Licensing of firms and institutions.","authors":"L Nicklasson, R Umbricht","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4615-4052-6_6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4052-6_6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79866,"journal":{"name":"Developments in health economics and public policy","volume":"7 ","pages":"111-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21400984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-5681-7_1
M Erbsland, W Ried, V Ulrich
{"title":"The impact of the environment on the demands for health and health care: an empirical analysis for Germany.","authors":"M Erbsland, W Ried, V Ulrich","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4615-5681-7_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5681-7_1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79866,"journal":{"name":"Developments in health economics and public policy","volume":"6 ","pages":"3-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21516651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-4052-6_4
L Götte, K Hammes
{"title":"Licensing of physicians.","authors":"L Götte, K Hammes","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4615-4052-6_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4052-6_4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79866,"journal":{"name":"Developments in health economics and public policy","volume":"7 ","pages":"69-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21400083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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