This paper analyzes the. debates over the last two decades surrounding the work of United States pornography commissions as a vehicle for exploring the political context of public policy decision-making in one area of sexual abuse prevention. Many attempts have been made to implicate pornography in the sexual exploitation of women and children, and inherent in the moves to regulate is the assumption that the linkage-between exposure to pornography and antisocial behavior-exists and is demonstrable. The United Stales 1970 and 1986 commissions on pornography are contrasted in terms of their staff structure, fiscal resources, use of social science research, and public policy recommendations.
{"title":"Social Science and Public Policy","authors":"E. Einsiedel","doi":"10.1300/J293V12N02_04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J293V12N02_04","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes the. debates over the last two decades surrounding the work of United States pornography commissions as a vehicle for exploring the political context of public policy decision-making in one area of sexual abuse prevention. Many attempts have been made to implicate pornography in the sexual exploitation of women and children, and inherent in the moves to regulate is the assumption that the linkage-between exposure to pornography and antisocial behavior-exists and is demonstrable. The United Stales 1970 and 1986 commissions on pornography are contrasted in terms of their staff structure, fiscal resources, use of social science research, and public policy recommendations.","PeriodicalId":80133,"journal":{"name":"Prevention in human services","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J293V12N02_04","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66227671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Ramey, D. Bryant, F. Campbell, J. Sparling, B. H. Wasik
{"title":"Early Intervention for High-Risk Children","authors":"C. Ramey, D. Bryant, F. Campbell, J. Sparling, B. H. Wasik","doi":"10.1300/J293V07N01_03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J293V07N01_03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80133,"journal":{"name":"Prevention in human services","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J293V07N01_03","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66223100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper presents findings from a National Institute of Mental Health funded research and demonstration effort aimed at addressing impediments to seeking and receiving help in two white ethnic communities. A community mental health empowerment model was developed and implemented in the target communities over a four year period. This model succeeded in building upon the strengths of individuals and neighborhoods to help overcome help seeking and receiving obstacles. Mechanisms were developed through a variety of means to enhance the ability of lay and professional helpers to interact and work with each other.
{"title":"Help Seeking and Receiving in Urban Ethnic Neighborhoods","authors":"D. Biegel","doi":"10.1300/J293V03N02_07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J293V03N02_07","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper presents findings from a National Institute of Mental Health funded research and demonstration effort aimed at addressing impediments to seeking and receiving help in two white ethnic communities. A community mental health empowerment model was developed and implemented in the target communities over a four year period. This model succeeded in building upon the strengths of individuals and neighborhoods to help overcome help seeking and receiving obstacles. Mechanisms were developed through a variety of means to enhance the ability of lay and professional helpers to interact and work with each other.","PeriodicalId":80133,"journal":{"name":"Prevention in human services","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J293V03N02_07","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66221324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a study of African American women's sexual revictimization experiences in the context of historical and sociocultural factors. African American and White American women have been socialized differently about the history of race in America and stereotypes about who meets the societal-criteria's for rape victims today. In order to better understand the cumulative impact of African American women's sexual revictimization, and to develop strategies for prevention, this study examines different aspects of sexual revictimization in the population. A community sample of 126 African American women were interviewed about their consensual and nonconsensual sexual histories over the life course. The results identified the influence of a variety of types of sexual abuse experiences prior to and since age 18 that were associated with aspects of their sexual behaviors and contraceptive use. Strategies for the prevention of sexual assault on a societal, community and individual level are described. T...
{"title":"The Effects of African American Women's Sexual Revictimization:","authors":"G. Wyatt, Cindy M. Notgrass, G. Gordon","doi":"10.1300/J293V12N02_05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J293V12N02_05","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a study of African American women's sexual revictimization experiences in the context of historical and sociocultural factors. African American and White American women have been socialized differently about the history of race in America and stereotypes about who meets the societal-criteria's for rape victims today. In order to better understand the cumulative impact of African American women's sexual revictimization, and to develop strategies for prevention, this study examines different aspects of sexual revictimization in the population. A community sample of 126 African American women were interviewed about their consensual and nonconsensual sexual histories over the life course. The results identified the influence of a variety of types of sexual abuse experiences prior to and since age 18 that were associated with aspects of their sexual behaviors and contraceptive use. Strategies for the prevention of sexual assault on a societal, community and individual level are described. T...","PeriodicalId":80133,"journal":{"name":"Prevention in human services","volume":"12 1","pages":"111-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J293V12N02_05","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66227816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper documents perpetrator prevention as an essential component in the prevention of sexual assault and abuse. Traditional approaches to the prevention of sexual abuse have focused primarily on changing the behavior of potential victims. Preventive interventions that have the potential for changing the behavior of potential perpetrators are explored. Although there is little empirical work to review in the prevention of perpetrator development in boys and men, some of the correlates of sexually abusing behavior are identified and related research highlighted. Three of the risk factors linked with sexually abusive behavior are explored: gender inequity, the negative effects on children and young men of media exposure to violence-particularly sexual violence against women, and the increased risk of sexually abusive behavior by males with a history of childhood sexual abuse. Preventive interventions to reduce these risks are considered. The incorporation of perpetrator prevention into an ecological app...
{"title":"Perpetrator Prevention: Stopping the Development of Sexually Abusive Behavior","authors":"C. Swift, K. Ryan-Finn","doi":"10.1300/J293V12N02_02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J293V12N02_02","url":null,"abstract":"This paper documents perpetrator prevention as an essential component in the prevention of sexual assault and abuse. Traditional approaches to the prevention of sexual abuse have focused primarily on changing the behavior of potential victims. Preventive interventions that have the potential for changing the behavior of potential perpetrators are explored. Although there is little empirical work to review in the prevention of perpetrator development in boys and men, some of the correlates of sexually abusing behavior are identified and related research highlighted. Three of the risk factors linked with sexually abusive behavior are explored: gender inequity, the negative effects on children and young men of media exposure to violence-particularly sexual violence against women, and the increased risk of sexually abusive behavior by males with a history of childhood sexual abuse. Preventive interventions to reduce these risks are considered. The incorporation of perpetrator prevention into an ecological app...","PeriodicalId":80133,"journal":{"name":"Prevention in human services","volume":"12 1","pages":"13-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J293V12N02_02","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66227841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order for rape to occur, a man must not only be predisposed to rape, but his internal and social inhibitions against acting out rape desires must be undermined. My theory is that pornography (1) predisposes some males to want to rape a woman or intensifies the predisposition in other males already so disposed; (2) undermines some males' infernal inhibitions against acting out their rap desires; (3) undermines some males' social inhibitions against the acting out and (4) undermines some potential victim abilities to avoid or resist rape. Some of the research substantiating this theory is presented and discussed, and suggestions are made for further research.
{"title":"Pornography and Rape:: A Casual Model","authors":"D. Russell","doi":"10.1300/J293V12N02_03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J293V12N02_03","url":null,"abstract":"In order for rape to occur, a man must not only be predisposed to rape, but his internal and social inhibitions against acting out rape desires must be undermined. My theory is that pornography (1) predisposes some males to want to rape a woman or intensifies the predisposition in other males already so disposed; (2) undermines some males' infernal inhibitions against acting out their rap desires; (3) undermines some males' social inhibitions against the acting out and (4) undermines some potential victim abilities to avoid or resist rape. Some of the research substantiating this theory is presented and discussed, and suggestions are made for further research.","PeriodicalId":80133,"journal":{"name":"Prevention in human services","volume":"12 1","pages":"45-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J293V12N02_03","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66227542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper outlines prevention strategies using mar keting techniques in the area of intrafamilial child sexual abuse for the Hispanic community. Data from a study of child sexual abuse in the hispanic community are presented. These data point out a few of the sociocultural similarities and differences between Hispanic and non-Hispanic cases. The paper suggests the use of broadcast media, Spanish language formats targeting audiences, and the use of spokespersons as factors in prevention program development.
{"title":"Intrafamilial Child Sexual Abuse in the Hispanic Community","authors":"R. Becerra, A. P. Iglehart","doi":"10.1300/J293V12N02_06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J293V12N02_06","url":null,"abstract":"This paper outlines prevention strategies using mar keting techniques in the area of intrafamilial child sexual abuse for the Hispanic community. Data from a study of child sexual abuse in the hispanic community are presented. These data point out a few of the sociocultural similarities and differences between Hispanic and non-Hispanic cases. The paper suggests the use of broadcast media, Spanish language formats targeting audiences, and the use of spokespersons as factors in prevention program development.","PeriodicalId":80133,"journal":{"name":"Prevention in human services","volume":"12 1","pages":"135-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J293V12N02_06","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66228050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sexual harassment is a pervasive form of sexual exploitation that has a devastating impact on women. Although there is an increasing literature on the development of policies and procedures to deal with sexual harassment situations, relatively little has been done either to address the diverse conditions that set the stage for harassment or to design preventive interventions. An ecological analysis of sexual harassment is used to identify individual, relationship and environmental risk factors and to formulate preventive approaches. The function of sexual harassment in organizations and the ways in which organizational climates contribute to harassment are discussed. The fostering of empowering climates is proposed as critical to prevention, and several dimensions of empowering climates are explored.
{"title":"Prevention and the Ecology of Sexual Harassment","authors":"M. Bond","doi":"10.1300/J293V12N02_07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J293V12N02_07","url":null,"abstract":"Sexual harassment is a pervasive form of sexual exploitation that has a devastating impact on women. Although there is an increasing literature on the development of policies and procedures to deal with sexual harassment situations, relatively little has been done either to address the diverse conditions that set the stage for harassment or to design preventive interventions. An ecological analysis of sexual harassment is used to identify individual, relationship and environmental risk factors and to formulate preventive approaches. The function of sexual harassment in organizations and the ways in which organizational climates contribute to harassment are discussed. The fostering of empowering climates is proposed as critical to prevention, and several dimensions of empowering climates are explored.","PeriodicalId":80133,"journal":{"name":"Prevention in human services","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J293V12N02_07","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66228184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Help Book","authors":"E. Pomeroy, Sharon Demeter, Deanne Tyler","doi":"10.1300/J293v12n01_06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J293v12n01_06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80133,"journal":{"name":"Prevention in human services","volume":"1 1","pages":"89-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J293v12n01_06","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66226990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Health Policy and Health Promotion: A Study of Prevention Developments in the Netherlands","authors":"E. Leeuw, L. Polman","doi":"10.1300/J293V12N01_09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J293V12N01_09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80133,"journal":{"name":"Prevention in human services","volume":"12 1","pages":"133-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1300/J293V12N01_09","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66227643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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