Yasushi Matsuzawa, Taek-Geun Kwon, Ryan J Lennon, Lilach O Lerman, Amir Lerman
Background: Endothelial dysfunction plays a pivotal role in cardiovascular disease progression, and is associated with adverse events. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the prognostic magnitude of noninvasive peripheral endothelial function tests, brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), and reactive hyperemia--peripheral arterial tonometry (RH-PAT) for future cardiovascular events.
Methods and results: Databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched. Clinical studies reporting the predictive value of FMD or RH-PAT for cardiovascular events were identified. Two authors selected studies and extracted data independently. Pooled effects were calculated as risk ratio (RR) for continuous value of FMD and natural logarithm of RH-PAT index (Ln_RHI) using random-effects models. Thirty-five FMD studies of 17 280 participants and 6 RH-PAT studies of 1602 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Both endothelial function tests significantly predicted cardiovascular events (adjusted relative risk [95% CI]: 1% increase in FMD 0.88 [0.84-0.91], P<0.001, 0.1 increase in Ln_RHI 0.79 [0.71-0.87], P<0.001). There was significant heterogeneity in the magnitude of the association across studies. The magnitude of the prognostic value in cardiovascular disease subjects was comparable between these 2 methods; a 1 SD worsening in endothelial function was associated with doubled cardiovascular risk.
Conclusions: Noninvasive peripheral endothelial function tests, FMD and RH-PAT, significantly predicted cardiovascular events, with similar prognostic magnitude. Further research is required to determine whether the prognostic values of these 2 methods are independent of each other and whether an endothelial function-guided strategy can provide benefit in improving cardiovascular outcomes.
{"title":"Prognostic Value of Flow-Mediated Vasodilation in Brachial Artery and Fingertip Artery for Cardiovascular Events: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Yasushi Matsuzawa, Taek-Geun Kwon, Ryan J Lennon, Lilach O Lerman, Amir Lerman","doi":"10.1161/JAHA.115.002270","DOIUrl":"10.1161/JAHA.115.002270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endothelial dysfunction plays a pivotal role in cardiovascular disease progression, and is associated with adverse events. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the prognostic magnitude of noninvasive peripheral endothelial function tests, brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD), and reactive hyperemia--peripheral arterial tonometry (RH-PAT) for future cardiovascular events.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched. Clinical studies reporting the predictive value of FMD or RH-PAT for cardiovascular events were identified. Two authors selected studies and extracted data independently. Pooled effects were calculated as risk ratio (RR) for continuous value of FMD and natural logarithm of RH-PAT index (Ln_RHI) using random-effects models. Thirty-five FMD studies of 17 280 participants and 6 RH-PAT studies of 1602 participants were included in the meta-analysis. Both endothelial function tests significantly predicted cardiovascular events (adjusted relative risk [95% CI]: 1% increase in FMD 0.88 [0.84-0.91], P<0.001, 0.1 increase in Ln_RHI 0.79 [0.71-0.87], P<0.001). There was significant heterogeneity in the magnitude of the association across studies. The magnitude of the prognostic value in cardiovascular disease subjects was comparable between these 2 methods; a 1 SD worsening in endothelial function was associated with doubled cardiovascular risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Noninvasive peripheral endothelial function tests, FMD and RH-PAT, significantly predicted cardiovascular events, with similar prognostic magnitude. Further research is required to determine whether the prognostic values of these 2 methods are independent of each other and whether an endothelial function-guided strategy can provide benefit in improving cardiovascular outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":80286,"journal":{"name":"International contact lens clinic (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4845238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78142514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-09-01DOI: 10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00072-X
Barry Weissman PhD (OD, FAAO, Co-editor)
{"title":"Silicone hydrogels: the lens of the future","authors":"Barry Weissman PhD (OD, FAAO, Co-editor)","doi":"10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00072-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00072-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80286,"journal":{"name":"International contact lens clinic (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"27 5","pages":"Page 154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00072-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56183466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-09-01DOI: 10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00083-4
Chris Snyder MS (OD, FAAO, Co-editor)
{"title":"“Two steps forward, one step back”","authors":"Chris Snyder MS (OD, FAAO, Co-editor)","doi":"10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00083-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00083-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80286,"journal":{"name":"International contact lens clinic (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"27 5","pages":"Page 155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00083-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56183025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-09-01DOI: 10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00076-7
Gary Orsborn MS (OD, FAAO) , Keith Edwards BSc (FCOptom, DipCLP, FAAO)
Although silicone hydrogel lenses have only recently been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for up to 30 days of continuous wear, in Europe contact lens practitioners have been prescribing the lenses for this modality since 1999. To date there have been few reports in the literature relating to practical experience with the lenses or their acceptance in everyday practice. Attitudes toward Bausch & Lomb PureVision lenses, when used for up 30 nights continuous wear, were assessed among 1,339 patients and 255 practitioners in 11 European countries. Evaluation forms were completed for each of four wearing periods up to the 1-month aftercare visit. The lenses showed high levels of acceptance by patients and practitioners. The results also indicate growing acceptance of continuous wear as both groups gain experience with the lens.
{"title":"Patient and practitioner perspectives on PureVision continuous wear lenses","authors":"Gary Orsborn MS (OD, FAAO) , Keith Edwards BSc (FCOptom, DipCLP, FAAO)","doi":"10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00076-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00076-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although silicone hydrogel lenses have only recently been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for up to 30 days of continuous wear, in Europe contact lens practitioners have been prescribing the lenses for this modality since 1999. To date there have been few reports in the literature relating to practical experience with the lenses or their acceptance in everyday practice. Attitudes toward Bausch & Lomb PureVision lenses, when used for up 30 nights continuous wear, were assessed among 1,339 patients and 255 practitioners in 11 European countries. Evaluation forms were completed for each of four wearing periods up to the 1-month aftercare visit. The lenses showed high levels of acceptance by patients and practitioners. The results also indicate growing acceptance of continuous wear as both groups gain experience with the lens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":80286,"journal":{"name":"International contact lens clinic (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"27 5","pages":"Pages 175-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00076-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56183002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-09-01DOI: 10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00082-2
Frederick R. Edmunds (OD, FAAO), Timothy L. Comstock MS (OD, FAAO), William T. Reindel MS (OD)
Concern for microbial keratitis (MK) has been a limiting factor regarding practitioner acceptance of the safety of continuous wear. Nearly 5,800 subjects participated in 27 extended-wear clinical trials of PureVision™ silicone hydrogel lenses coordinated by the Clinical Research Group at Bausch & Lomb. There were no reports of MK in over 2,200 patient-years of experience accumulated in these studies. In an attempt to gain insight into the safety of silicone hydrogel lenses, information from market experience and postmarket product performance data was utilized to extrapolate a prospective incident rate of MK with these lenses. With >2 years of experience in the market it appears that the incident rate of MK for PureVision™ lenses, utilized in all modalities, is tracking lower than that of conventional hydrogel lenses.
{"title":"Cumulative clinical results and projected incident rates of microbial keratitis with PureVision™ silicone hydrogel lenses","authors":"Frederick R. Edmunds (OD, FAAO), Timothy L. Comstock MS (OD, FAAO), William T. Reindel MS (OD)","doi":"10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00082-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00082-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Concern for microbial keratitis (MK) has been a limiting factor regarding practitioner acceptance of the safety of continuous wear. Nearly 5,800 subjects participated in 27 extended-wear clinical trials of PureVision™ silicone hydrogel lenses coordinated by the Clinical Research Group at Bausch & Lomb. There were no reports of MK in over 2,200 patient-years of experience accumulated in these studies. In an attempt to gain insight into the safety of silicone hydrogel lenses, information from market experience and postmarket product performance data was utilized to extrapolate a prospective incident rate of MK with these lenses. With >2 years of experience in the market it appears that the incident rate of MK for PureVision™ lenses, utilized in all modalities, is tracking lower than that of conventional hydrogel lenses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":80286,"journal":{"name":"International contact lens clinic (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"27 5","pages":"Pages 182-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00082-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56183010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-09-01DOI: 10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00069-X
Chris Snyder MS (OD, FAAO, Co-editor)
{"title":"How much oxygen is enough?:","authors":"Chris Snyder MS (OD, FAAO, Co-editor)","doi":"10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00069-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00069-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80286,"journal":{"name":"International contact lens clinic (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"27 5","pages":"Pages 165-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00069-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56183453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-09-01DOI: 10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00061-5
C Skotnitsky (OD) , A Kalliris BOptom , P.R Sankaridurg PhD , D.F Sweeney PhD (FAAO)
{"title":"Contact lens-induced papillary conjunctivitis is either local or general","authors":"C Skotnitsky (OD) , A Kalliris BOptom , P.R Sankaridurg PhD , D.F Sweeney PhD (FAAO)","doi":"10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00061-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00061-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80286,"journal":{"name":"International contact lens clinic (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"27 5","pages":"Pages 193-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00061-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56183368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2000-09-01DOI: 10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00078-0
{"title":"Introduction of Editorial Board members—part 2","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00078-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00078-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80286,"journal":{"name":"International contact lens clinic (New York, N.Y.)","volume":"27 5","pages":"Pages 156-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2000-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0892-8967(02)00078-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136829235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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