Pub Date : 2014-11-28DOI: 10.1002/9781118916865.CH05
C. Martínez, Edgar A. Torres, M. Chatel, G. Mosquera, J. Duitama, M. Ishitani, M. Selvaraj, B. Dedicova, J. Tohme, C. Grenier, M. Lorieux, M. Cruz, L. Berrio, E. Corredor, G. Martin, F. Breseghello, Orlando Peixoto, J. M. C. Filho, A. Castro, S. Lopes, M. Barbosa, Gustavo R. D. Funck, Pedro Blanco, Fernando Pérez de Vida, Federico Molina, J. Rosas, S. Martínez, V. Bonnecarrère, S. Garaycochea, G. Carracelas, A. Marín, F. Correa-Victoria, I. Camargo, C. Bruzzone
Rice breeding has made important contributions to Latin America. More than 400 cultivars were released from 1975 to 2012, which helped to raise total production to >27 million tonnes obtained from 5.7 million hectares (average for 2010-2012). Rice production provides ?US$8.8 billion for thousands of farmers in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). The result of higher yields in the irrigated sector was to triple rice production in LAC while area did not grow, thus preserving more fragile environments. Several estimates on genetic gains for grain yield have been carried out in LAC. In temperate irrigated rice, the estimates are around 1.5-2.6% per year. In the tropical irrigated, it is ?1% and in the upland rice the estimate is ?1.4% per year. Different breeding strategies, including pedigree, modified bulk, recurrent selection methods, anther culture, interspecific crosses, composite populations, quantitative trait loci (QTL) introgression, and recombinant inbred lines, accompanied by shuttle breeding schemes, direct seeding, and evaluation/selection in hot spots for main diseases are being used by CIAT and NARES in the region. In this process, methods for screening for diseases and other stresses were established. Networking has been a cornerstone for success and several networks such as INGER, FLAR, and HIAAL were created. Looking forward, as farmers' yields are approaching the genetic yield potential exhibited by current cultivars, as a result of improved agronomic management, a new breakthrough is needed in terms of more productive cultivars. To achieve this goal, a strategy is needed that includes strong pipelines focused on specific environments and markets; better product profiling; integration between discovery, development, and delivery; and new breeding strategies using cuttingedge technologies and new breeding methods to accelerate genetic gains. (Resume d'auteur)
{"title":"Rice Breeding in Latin America","authors":"C. Martínez, Edgar A. Torres, M. Chatel, G. Mosquera, J. Duitama, M. Ishitani, M. Selvaraj, B. Dedicova, J. Tohme, C. Grenier, M. Lorieux, M. Cruz, L. Berrio, E. Corredor, G. Martin, F. Breseghello, Orlando Peixoto, J. M. C. Filho, A. Castro, S. Lopes, M. Barbosa, Gustavo R. D. Funck, Pedro Blanco, Fernando Pérez de Vida, Federico Molina, J. Rosas, S. Martínez, V. Bonnecarrère, S. Garaycochea, G. Carracelas, A. Marín, F. Correa-Victoria, I. Camargo, C. Bruzzone","doi":"10.1002/9781118916865.CH05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118916865.CH05","url":null,"abstract":"Rice breeding has made important contributions to Latin America. More than 400 cultivars were released from 1975 to 2012, which helped to raise total production to >27 million tonnes obtained from 5.7 million hectares (average for 2010-2012). Rice production provides ?US$8.8 billion for thousands of farmers in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). The result of higher yields in the irrigated sector was to triple rice production in LAC while area did not grow, thus preserving more fragile environments. Several estimates on genetic gains for grain yield have been carried out in LAC. In temperate irrigated rice, the estimates are around 1.5-2.6% per year. In the tropical irrigated, it is ?1% and in the upland rice the estimate is ?1.4% per year. Different breeding strategies, including pedigree, modified bulk, recurrent selection methods, anther culture, interspecific crosses, composite populations, quantitative trait loci (QTL) introgression, and recombinant inbred lines, accompanied by shuttle breeding schemes, direct seeding, and evaluation/selection in hot spots for main diseases are being used by CIAT and NARES in the region. In this process, methods for screening for diseases and other stresses were established. Networking has been a cornerstone for success and several networks such as INGER, FLAR, and HIAAL were created. Looking forward, as farmers' yields are approaching the genetic yield potential exhibited by current cultivars, as a result of improved agronomic management, a new breakthrough is needed in terms of more productive cultivars. To achieve this goal, a strategy is needed that includes strong pipelines focused on specific environments and markets; better product profiling; integration between discovery, development, and delivery; and new breeding strategies using cuttingedge technologies and new breeding methods to accelerate genetic gains. (Resume d'auteur)","PeriodicalId":82326,"journal":{"name":"Plant breeding reviews","volume":"223 ","pages":"187-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/9781118916865.CH05","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50734246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-03-26DOI: 10.1002/9781118497869.CH2
F. Ogbonnaya, O. Abdalla, A. Mujeeb-Kazi, A. G. Kazi, Steven S. Xu, N. Gosman, E. Lagudah, D. Bonnett, M. Sorrells, H. Tsujimoto
Incorporation of genetic diversity into elite wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 2n1⁄4 6x1⁄4 42, AABBDD) cultivars has long been recognized as a means of improving wheat productivity and securing global wheat supply. Synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW) genotypes recreated from its two progenitor species, the tetraploid, Triticum turgidum (2n1⁄4 4x1⁄4 28, AABB) and its diploid wild relative, Aegilops tauschii (2n1⁄4 2x1⁄4 14, DD) are a useful resource of new genes for hexaploidwheat improvement. These include many productivity traits such as abiotic (drought, heat, salinity/sodicity, andwaterlogging) and biotic (rusts, septoria, barley yellow dwarfvirus (BYDV), crownrot, tan spot, spot blotch, nematodes,powderymildew, and fusarium head blight) stress resistance/tolerances as well as novel grain quality traits. Numerous SHWs have been produced globally by various institutions including CIMMYT-Mexico, ICARDA-Syria, Department of Primary Industries (DPI), Victoria-Australia, IPK-Germany, Kyoto University-Japan, and USDAARS. This review examines the varied aspects in the utilization of synthetics for wheat improvement including the traits and genes identified, mapped, and transferred to common wheat. It has also been demonstrated that synthetic backcross-derived lines (SBLs, i.e., when SHW is crossed to adapted local bread varieties) show significant yield increases and thus, enhanced yield performance across a diverse range of environments, demonstrating their potential for improving wheat productivity worldwide. This is particularly evident in moisturelimited environments. The use of SBLs, advanced backcross QTL analysis, chromosome introgression lines, and whole genome association mapping is contributing to the elucidation of the genetic architecture of some of the traits. The contribution of transgressive segregation to enhanced phenotypes and the mechanisms including its genetic and physiological basis are yet to be elucidated. 36 FRANCIS C. OGBONNAYA ET AL.
{"title":"Synthetic Hexaploids: Harnessing Species of the Primary Gene Pool for Wheat Improvement","authors":"F. Ogbonnaya, O. Abdalla, A. Mujeeb-Kazi, A. G. Kazi, Steven S. Xu, N. Gosman, E. Lagudah, D. Bonnett, M. Sorrells, H. Tsujimoto","doi":"10.1002/9781118497869.CH2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118497869.CH2","url":null,"abstract":"Incorporation of genetic diversity into elite wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 2n1⁄4 6x1⁄4 42, AABBDD) cultivars has long been recognized as a means of improving wheat productivity and securing global wheat supply. Synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW) genotypes recreated from its two progenitor species, the tetraploid, Triticum turgidum (2n1⁄4 4x1⁄4 28, AABB) and its diploid wild relative, Aegilops tauschii (2n1⁄4 2x1⁄4 14, DD) are a useful resource of new genes for hexaploidwheat improvement. These include many productivity traits such as abiotic (drought, heat, salinity/sodicity, andwaterlogging) and biotic (rusts, septoria, barley yellow dwarfvirus (BYDV), crownrot, tan spot, spot blotch, nematodes,powderymildew, and fusarium head blight) stress resistance/tolerances as well as novel grain quality traits. Numerous SHWs have been produced globally by various institutions including CIMMYT-Mexico, ICARDA-Syria, Department of Primary Industries (DPI), Victoria-Australia, IPK-Germany, Kyoto University-Japan, and USDAARS. This review examines the varied aspects in the utilization of synthetics for wheat improvement including the traits and genes identified, mapped, and transferred to common wheat. It has also been demonstrated that synthetic backcross-derived lines (SBLs, i.e., when SHW is crossed to adapted local bread varieties) show significant yield increases and thus, enhanced yield performance across a diverse range of environments, demonstrating their potential for improving wheat productivity worldwide. This is particularly evident in moisturelimited environments. The use of SBLs, advanced backcross QTL analysis, chromosome introgression lines, and whole genome association mapping is contributing to the elucidation of the genetic architecture of some of the traits. The contribution of transgressive segregation to enhanced phenotypes and the mechanisms including its genetic and physiological basis are yet to be elucidated. 36 FRANCIS C. OGBONNAYA ET AL.","PeriodicalId":82326,"journal":{"name":"Plant breeding reviews","volume":"120 ","pages":"35-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/9781118497869.CH2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50716508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-03-26DOI: 10.1002/9781118497869.CH3
B. Badu‐Apraku, M. Fakorede
{"title":"Breeding Early and Extra‐Early Maize for Resistance to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Sub‐Saharan Africa","authors":"B. Badu‐Apraku, M. Fakorede","doi":"10.1002/9781118497869.CH3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118497869.CH3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":82326,"journal":{"name":"Plant breeding reviews","volume":"91 ","pages":"123-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/9781118497869.CH3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50716570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-09-26DOI: 10.1002/9781118358566.CH3
S. Dwivedi, K. Sahrawat, K. Rai, M. Blair, Meike S. Andersson, W. Pfeiffer
Crop biofortification is a sustainable and cost-effective strategy to address malnutrition in developing countries. This review synthesizes the progress toward developing seed micronutrient-dense cereals and legumes cultivars by exploiting natural genetic variation using conventional breeding and/or transgenic technology, and discusses the associated issues to strengthen crop biofortification research and development. Some major QTL for seed iron and zinc, seed phosphorus, and seed phytate in common bean, rice,J;md wheat have been mapped. An iron reductase QTL associated with seed-iron ~QTL is found in common bean where the genes coding for candidate enzymes involved in phytic acid synthesis have also been mapped. Candidate genes for Ipa co segregate with mutant phenotypes identified in rice and soybean. The Gpe-B1 locus in wild emmer wheat accelerates senescence and increases nutrient remobilization from leaves to developing seeds, and another gene named TtNAM-B1 affecting these traits has been cloned. Seed iron-dense common bean and rice in Latin America; seed iron-dense common bean in eastern and southern Africa;.....
{"title":"Nutritionally Enhanced Staple Food Crops","authors":"S. Dwivedi, K. Sahrawat, K. Rai, M. Blair, Meike S. Andersson, W. Pfeiffer","doi":"10.1002/9781118358566.CH3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118358566.CH3","url":null,"abstract":"Crop biofortification is a sustainable and cost-effective strategy to address \u0000malnutrition in developing countries. This review synthesizes the progress \u0000toward developing seed micronutrient-dense cereals and legumes cultivars by \u0000exploiting natural genetic variation using conventional breeding and/or transgenic \u0000technology, and discusses the associated issues to strengthen crop biofortification \u0000research and development. Some major QTL for seed iron and zinc, \u0000seed phosphorus, and seed phytate in common bean, rice,J;md wheat have been \u0000mapped. An iron reductase QTL associated with seed-iron ~QTL is found in common bean where the genes coding for candidate enzymes involved in phytic \u0000acid synthesis have also been mapped. Candidate genes for Ipa co segregate with \u0000mutant phenotypes identified in rice and soybean. The Gpe-B1 locus in wild \u0000emmer wheat accelerates senescence and increases nutrient remobilization \u0000from leaves to developing seeds, and another gene named TtNAM-B1 affecting \u0000these traits has been cloned. Seed iron-dense common bean and rice in Latin \u0000America; seed iron-dense common bean in eastern and southern Africa;.....","PeriodicalId":82326,"journal":{"name":"Plant breeding reviews","volume":"374 ","pages":"169-291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/9781118358566.CH3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50711717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-09-26DOI: 10.1002/9781118358566.CH6
H. Ceballos, C. Hershey, Luis Augusto Becerra‐López‐Lavalle
{"title":"New Approaches to Cassava Breeding","authors":"H. Ceballos, C. Hershey, Luis Augusto Becerra‐López‐Lavalle","doi":"10.1002/9781118358566.CH6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118358566.CH6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":82326,"journal":{"name":"Plant breeding reviews","volume":"258 ","pages":"427-504"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/9781118358566.CH6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50711919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-09-26DOI: 10.1002/9781118358566.CH1
J. Crouch
I. PREAMBLE II. EARLY YEARS A. Formative Experiences B. University in Peru III. RESEARCH CAREER A. Potato Research at the International Potato Center (CIP) B. Potato Research at the University of Wisconsin-Madison C. Vaccinium Research at Rutgers University D. Musa Research at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) E. Nordic Professor of Plant Genetic Resources F. Director of Genetic Resources and Enhancement at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) G. Director of Crop Improvement to Executive Management at IITA H. Research Director to Executive Advisor at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) I. Freelance Executive Advisor to National Opinion Leader in Peru IV. THEMAN V. THE SCIENTIST VI. THEMENTOR, INSPIRER, MANAGER, ANDMULTIPLIER VII. THE FUTURE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS PUBLICATIONS OF RODOMIRO ORTIZ GERMPLASM REGISTRATIONS
1 .序言部分A.早年经历B.秘鲁大学研究生涯A.国际马铃薯中心(CIP)马铃薯研究B.威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校马铃薯研究C.罗格斯大学Vaccinium研究D.国际热带农业研究所(IITA) Musa研究E.北欧植物遗传资源教授F.国际半干旱热带作物研究所(ICRISAT)遗传资源和增强主任G. IITA执行管理作物改良主任H.国际玉米和小麦改良中心(CIMMYT)执行顾问的研究主任1 .秘鲁国家意见领袖的自由执行顾问4 . THEMAN 5 . the SCIENTIST 6 . mentor, inspiration, MANAGER, and multiplier罗多米罗种质注册的未来确认出版物
{"title":"Dedication: Rodomiro Ortiz Plant Breeder, Catalyst for Agricultural Development","authors":"J. Crouch","doi":"10.1002/9781118358566.CH1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118358566.CH1","url":null,"abstract":"I. PREAMBLE II. EARLY YEARS A. Formative Experiences B. University in Peru III. RESEARCH CAREER A. Potato Research at the International Potato Center (CIP) B. Potato Research at the University of Wisconsin-Madison C. Vaccinium Research at Rutgers University D. Musa Research at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) E. Nordic Professor of Plant Genetic Resources F. Director of Genetic Resources and Enhancement at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) G. Director of Crop Improvement to Executive Management at IITA H. Research Director to Executive Advisor at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) I. Freelance Executive Advisor to National Opinion Leader in Peru IV. THEMAN V. THE SCIENTIST VI. THEMENTOR, INSPIRER, MANAGER, ANDMULTIPLIER VII. THE FUTURE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS PUBLICATIONS OF RODOMIRO ORTIZ GERMPLASM REGISTRATIONS","PeriodicalId":82326,"journal":{"name":"Plant breeding reviews","volume":"7 5","pages":"1-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/9781118358566.CH1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50711925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-09-26DOI: 10.1002/9781118358566.CH4
S. N. Nigam, R. Rao, P. Bhatnagar-Mathur, K. Sharma
Peanut, also known as groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a major oilseed crop in the world. About 31 viruses representing 14 genera are reported to naturally infe.ct peanut in different parts of the world, although only a few of these are of economic importance. These include groundnutrosette disease in Africa, tomato spotted wilt-disease in the United States, peanut bud necrosis disease in south Asia, and peanut stripe virus disease in east and southeast Asia. Cucumber mosaic virus disease in China and Argentina and peanut stem necrosis disease in certain -pockets in southern India are also economically important. Host plant resistance provides the most effective and economic option to manage virus diseases. However, for many virus diseases, effective resistance gene(s) in cultivated peanut have not been identified. With a few exceptions, the virus resistance breeding work has received little attention in peanut improvement programs. Transgenic resistance offers another option in virus resistance breeding. This review focuses on the status of genetic resistance to various economically important groundnut viruses and'use of transgenic-technology for the improvement of virus resistance.
{"title":"Genetic Management of Virus Diseases in Peanut","authors":"S. N. Nigam, R. Rao, P. Bhatnagar-Mathur, K. Sharma","doi":"10.1002/9781118358566.CH4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118358566.CH4","url":null,"abstract":"Peanut, also known as groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a major oilseed crop in \u0000the world. About 31 viruses representing 14 genera are reported to naturally \u0000infe.ct peanut in different parts of the world, although only a few of these are of \u0000economic importance. These include groundnutrosette disease in Africa, tomato \u0000spotted wilt-disease in the United States, peanut bud necrosis disease in south \u0000Asia, and peanut stripe virus disease in east and southeast Asia. Cucumber \u0000mosaic virus disease in China and Argentina and peanut stem necrosis disease in \u0000certain -pockets in southern India are also economically important. Host plant \u0000resistance provides the most effective and economic option to manage virus \u0000diseases. However, for many virus diseases, effective resistance gene(s) in \u0000cultivated peanut have not been identified. With a few exceptions, the virus \u0000resistance breeding work has received little attention in peanut improvement \u0000programs. Transgenic resistance offers another option in virus resistance \u0000breeding. This review focuses on the status of genetic resistance to various \u0000economically important groundnut viruses and'use of transgenic-technology for \u0000the improvement of virus resistance.","PeriodicalId":82326,"journal":{"name":"Plant breeding reviews","volume":"365 ","pages":"293-356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/9781118358566.CH4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50711726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-10-04DOI: 10.1002/9781118100509.CH2
S. Prakash, Xiaoming Wu, S. R. Bhat
{"title":"History, Evolution, and Domestication of Brassica Crops","authors":"S. Prakash, Xiaoming Wu, S. R. Bhat","doi":"10.1002/9781118100509.CH2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118100509.CH2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":82326,"journal":{"name":"Plant breeding reviews","volume":"356 1","pages":"19-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/9781118100509.CH2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50704266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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