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microspheres 微球
Archives of internal medicine
Pub Date : 2020-04-18 DOI: 10.1002/9783527809080.cataz10754
O. Crosby
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引用次数: 15
Osmolality. 渗透性。
Archives of internal medicine
Pub Date : 2020-02-07 DOI: 10.32388/j11gxv
R. Warhol, A. Eichenholz, R. Mulhausen
An understanding of the osmotic physiology and colligative properties of a solution will benefit the emergency physician in proper ordering and interpretation of serum osmolality measurements. Though of use in evaluating disorders of water metabolism, the serum osmolality plays a major role in the Emergency Department evaluation of impaired mental status, especially in alcoholics. A significant discrepancy between calculated and measured values may be the earliest laboratory finding in methanol, ethanol, and ethylene glycol ingestion.
了解溶液的渗透生理学和综合性质将有助于急诊医生正确安排和解释血清渗透压测量。尽管血清渗透压可用于评估水代谢紊乱，但在急诊科评估受损精神状态时，尤其是在酗酒者中，它起着重要作用。计算值和测量值之间的显著差异可能是实验室在摄入甲醇、乙醇和乙二醇方面最早发现的。
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引用次数: 14
GLP-1 Relaxes Rat Coronary Arteries by Enhancing ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channel Currents. GLP-1 通过增强 ATP 敏感性钾通道电流舒张大鼠冠状动脉
IF 1.8
Archives of internal medicine
Pub Date : 2019-10-23 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1968785
Qian-Feng Xiong, Shao-Hua Fan, Xue-Wen Li, Yu Niu, Jing Wang, Xin Zhang, Yi-Fan Chen, Ya-Wei Shi, Li-Hui Zhang

GLP-1 is a new type of antidiabetic agent that possesses many beneficial effects. Although its cardiovascular actions have been widely examined, little is known about GLP-1's effects on the rat coronary artery (RCA) or about the mechanisms underpinning these effects. Here, we report that GLP-1 inhibits depolarization- or thromboxane receptor agonist (U46619)-induced RCA contraction in a dosage-dependent manner. Vasorelaxation was attenuated by denuding the endothelium, L-NAME (nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), and glyburide (KATP channel blocker) but was not affected by indomethacin (cyclooxygenase inhibitor), iberiotoxin [Ca2+-activated K+ channel (KCa) blocker], or 4-aminopyridine (KV channel blocker). Furthermore, GLP-1 increased outward K+ currents by enhancing the KATP channel in rat coronary arterial smooth muscle cells (RCASMCs). These results show that GLP-1 is an endothelial-dependent vasospasmolytic agent in the RCA and imply that the relaxant effect is regulated by enhancing KATP rather than KV or KCa currents in RCASMCs.

GLP-1 是一种新型的抗糖尿病药物，具有许多有益的作用。尽管其心血管作用已被广泛研究，但人们对 GLP-1 对大鼠冠状动脉（RCA）的影响或这些影响的机制知之甚少。在这里，我们报告了 GLP-1 以剂量依赖的方式抑制去极化或血栓素受体激动剂（U46619）诱导的 RCA 收缩。剥脱内皮、L-NAME（一氧化氮合酶抑制剂）和甘布肽（KATP 通道阻滞剂）均可减弱血管舒张，但吲哚美辛（环氧化酶抑制剂）、伊比妥辛[Ca2+激活的 K+ 通道（KCa）阻滞剂]或 4-氨基吡啶（KV 通道阻滞剂）均不影响血管舒张。此外，GLP-1 还通过增强大鼠冠状动脉平滑肌细胞（RCASMCs）的 KATP 通道来增加外向 K+ 电流。这些结果表明，GLP-1 是一种依赖于内皮的 RCA 血管痉挛溶解剂，并暗示其松弛作用是通过增强 RCASMCs 中的 KATP 而不是 KV 或 KCa 电流来调节的。
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引用次数: 0
An automated medical history system. Experience of the Lahey Clinic Foundation with computer-processed medical histories. 一个自动化的病史系统。Lahey诊所基金会计算机处理病史的经验。
Archives of internal medicine
Pub Date : 2019-02-03 DOI: 10.1001/archinte.1973.03650090030006
J. Rockart, E. McLean, P. Hershberg, G. O. Bell
A mailed questionnaire that can be batch-processed by computer can maintain the editing, formatting, summarizing, and data storage advantages of on-line systems at a lower expense. More than 40,000 patient questionnaires have been processed, and the questionnaire is a routine part of the clinic health care system. Data are given showing increasing physician acceptance and use of the questionnaire. Time savings per patient visit are noted. There are physician-oriented advantages as well as the multiple advantages to the patient when completing the questionnaire in the quiet of his own home.
可以通过计算机批量处理的邮寄问卷可以以较低的费用保持在线系统的编辑、格式化、汇总和数据存储优势。已经处理了40000多份患者问卷，问卷是诊所卫生保健系统的常规组成部分。提供的数据显示，医生越来越多地接受和使用调查表。注意到每次患者就诊可节省时间。当患者在自己安静的家中完成问卷调查时，既有以医生为导向的优势，也有对患者的多重优势。
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引用次数: 20
Electrocardiogram Changes Suggestive of Coronary Artery Disease in Pneumothorax 气胸的心电图改变提示冠状动脉疾病
Archives of internal medicine
Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI: 10.1001/archinte.1970.00310010153019
R. B. Copeland, G. Omenn
thorax is sought carefully, this diagnosis may be missed on physical examination. In recent months, we have seen several patients with pneumothorax in whom complaints of chest pain and dyspnea, coupled with an abnormal electrocardiogram, raised the diagnostic possibility of myocardial infarction. We wish to draw attention to the ECG abnormalities associated with pneumothorax and to the useful sign of normalization of the ECG when the patient is in the sitting position.
仔细寻找胸廓，体格检查可能会遗漏这一诊断。近几个月来，我们看到几例气胸患者的胸痛和呼吸困难，加上心电图异常，增加了诊断心肌梗死的可能性。我们希望提请注意与气胸相关的心电图异常，以及当患者处于坐姿时心电图正常化的有用标志。
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引用次数: 2
The Supreme Court decision: a victory for uninsured patients. 最高法院的裁决:没有保险的病人的胜利。
Archives of internal medicine
Pub Date : 2012-12-10 DOI: 10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.117
Michael Hochman, Mitchell H Katz
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引用次数: 1
Is hypertension overtreatment a silent epidemic? 高血压过度治疗是一种无声的流行病吗?
Archives of internal medicine
Pub Date : 2012-12-10 DOI: 10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.96
Steven Rosansky
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引用次数: 3
The burden of hospitalization for atrial fibrillation. 房颤住院的负担。
Archives of internal medicine
Pub Date : 2012-12-10 DOI: 10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.93
William H Carter
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引用次数: 0
New evidence for stretching for preventing nocturnal cramps. 新的证据表明伸展运动可以预防夜间痉挛。
Archives of internal medicine
Pub Date : 2012-12-10 DOI: 10.1001/2013.jamainternmed.123
Fiona Hawke, Joshua Burns
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引用次数: 4
Our failure to curb excessive testing. 我们未能遏制过度测试。
Archives of internal medicine
Pub Date : 2012-12-10 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.1780
Jerome P Kassirer, Arnold Milstein
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引用次数: 3
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